Abstract:
A METHOD FOR PREPARAING LACTAMS BY THE STEPS OF (1) CLEAVING AND ESTERIFYING A CYCLIC ALPHA-NITROKETONE WITH AN ALCOHOL TO FORM AN ALKYL OMEGA-NITROESTER AND (2) CATALYST HYDROGENATING AND CYCLIZING THE NITROESTER TO A LACTAM.
Abstract:
THIS INVENTION RELATES TO A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING DERIVATIVES OF 1,12-DODECANEDIOIC ACID E.G. 11-CYANOUNDECANOIC ACID BY SPRAYING DROPLETS OF 1,1''-PEROXDICYCLOHEXYLAMINE INTO A REACTOR CONTAINING AN INERT GASS MAINTAINED AT AN ELEVATED TEMPERATURE AND AT A PRESSURE OF AT LEAST 300 MM. HG.
Abstract:
In the production of caprolactam by reaction of 1,1''peroxydicyclohexylamine with alkali metal alkoxides, the reaction is carried out in a reaction medium which is a mixture of methanol and dimethylsulphoxide.
Abstract:
Caprolactam is made by reacting 1,1''-peroxydicyclohexylamine with alkali metal methoxide dissolved in methanol at a concentration of at least 4 gram moles/liter.
Abstract:
There is provided a process for the reduction of one or more amide moieties in a compound comprising contacting the compound with hydrogen gas and a transition metal catalyst in the presence or absence of a base under conditions for the reduction an amide bond. The presently described processes can be performed at low catalyst loading using relatively mild temperature and pressures, and optionally, in the presence or absence of a base or high catalyst loadings using low temperatures and pressures and high loadings of base to effect dynamic kinetic resolution of achiral amides.
Abstract:
In a process for oxidizing a feed comprising cyclohexylbenzene, the feed is contacted with oxygen and an oxidation catalyst in a plurality of reaction zones connected in series, the contacting being conducted under conditions being effective to oxidize part of the cyclohexylbenzene in the feed to cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide in each reaction zone. At least one of the plurality of reaction zones has a reaction condition that is different from another of the plurality of reaction zones. The different reaction conditions may include one or more of (a) a progressively decreasing temperature and (b) a progressively increasing oxidation catalyst concentration as the feed flows from one reaction zone to subsequent reaction zones in the series.
Abstract:
A method and a plant are disclosed for purifying lactams, particularly lactams obtained by cyclizing hydrolysis of aminonitrile. The purification of ε-caprolactam obtained by cyclizing hydrolysis of aminocapronitrile is described which includes eliminating the ammonia from the reaction medium of the hydrolysis, then recovering the lactam from the medium in purified form. The recovery is carried out by performing at least a distillation of the lactam in the presence of a base producing optionally a fronts fraction having compounds more volatile than the lactam, a fraction having the lactam to be recovered to the degree of desired purity and a distillation tails having the lactam and compounds less volatile than the lactam. The distillation tails are treated by various processes such as evaporation in thin layers to recover the major part of the caprolactam and recycling the latter in the purification process.
Abstract:
The invention relates to the field of production of lactams from aminonitriles, and in particular to the production of ε-caprolactam by the vapor phase hydrolytic cyclization of 6-aminocapronitrile. A crude liquid caprolactam comprising ε-caprolactarn (CL), 6-aminocapronitrile (ACN) and water obtained from a vapor phase cyclization reaction of ACN is contacted with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to convert the ACN in the crude liquid caprolactam to a product comprising hexamethylenediamine (HMD) and hexamethyleneimine (HMI). Tetrahydroazepine (THA) in the crude liquid caprolactam is converted to HMI during this hydrogenation. The HMD and HMI have lower boiling points compared to ACN and thus they are more easily separated from CL in the subsequent distillation operations. Thus a process to make CL from ACN with fewer distillation stages, and with lower pressure drop and lower base temperature, is accomplished.