摘要:
The invention relates to an improved method for releasing an organic acid, preferably a carbon, sulfone or phosphone acid, particularly an alpha or beta hydroxycarbon acid, from the ammonia salt thereof by releasing and removing ammoniac and simultaneous extraction of the released acid, having an amine as a suitable extraction means from the aqueous phase. This method corresponds to a reactive extraction. The reactive extraction of an organic acid from the aqueous ammonia salt solution thereof can be significantly improved by the use of a strip medium or carrier gas, such as nitrogen, air, water vapor or inert gases such as argon. The released ammoniac is removed from the aqueous solution by the continuous gas flow and can be resupplied into a production process. The free acid can be obtained by a method such as distillation, rectification, crystallization, reextraction, chromatography, adsorption or by a membrane method from the extraction means.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of free carboxylic acids including: A) preparation of carboxylic acid by a biological cell located in an aqueous medium with addition of an amine of formula (I) where R1, R2 and R3, independently of one another, are identical or different, branched or unbranched, optionally substituted hydrocarbon radicals or H; B) for cases where the added amine A) is water-soluble, addition of a water-insoluble amine of formula (I), where, in A) or B), a multiphase system is obtained and the corresponding ammonium carboxylate is formed from the water-insoluble amine and the carboxylic acid; C) removal of the water-insoluble phase; and D) heating of the water-insoluble phase with release of free carboxylic acid.
摘要:
CO2 is absorbed from a gas mixture by bringing the gas mixture into contact with an absorption medium comprising water and at least one amine of formula (I) R1R2NCH2CH2CHR4NHR3, (I) where R1, R2 and R3 are, independently of one another, C1-C3-alkyl radicals, R4 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl and the radicals R1, R2, R3 and R4 together comprise not more than 5 carbon atoms.
摘要:
The invention relates to an improved method for releasing an organic acid, preferably a carbon, sulfone or phosphone acid, particularly an alpha or beta hydroxycarbon acid, from the ammonia salt thereof by releasing and removing ammoniac and simultaneous extraction of the released acid, having an amine as a suitable extraction means from the aqueous phase. This method corresponds to a reactive extraction. The reactive extraction of an organic acid from the aqueous ammonia salt solution thereof can be significantly improved by the use of a strip medium or carrier gas, such as nitrogen, air, water vapor or inert gases such as argon. The released ammoniac is removed from the aqueous solution by the continuous gas flow and can be resupplied into a production process. The free acid can be obtained by a method such as distillation, rectification, crystallization, reextraction, chromatography, adsorption or by a membrane method from the extraction means.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of free carboxylic acids including: A) preparation of carboxylic acid by a biological cell located in an aqueous medium with addition of an amine of formula (I) where R1, R2 and R3, independently of one another, are identical or different, branched or unbranched, optionally substituted hydrocarbon radicals or H; B) for cases where the added amine A) is water-soluble, addition of a water-insoluble amine of formula (I), where, in A) or B), a multiphase system is obtained and the corresponding ammonium carboxylate is formed from the water-insoluble amine and the carboxylic acid; C) removal of the water-insoluble phase; and D) heating of the water-insoluble phase with release of free carboxylic acid.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing hydroxycarboxylic acids, preferably α- and β-hydroxycarboxylic acids, from ammonium carboxylates of the general formula in which R1, R2 and R3 are each independently H, OH, (C1-C6)-alkyl optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group, (C1-C6)-alkenyl optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group, (C1-C6)-alkoxy optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group, (C1-C6) -alkylthio-(C1-C6)-alkyl optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group, (C6-C10)-aryl optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group, (C7-C12)-aralkyl optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group, (C3-C5)-heteroaryl optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group, with the proviso that at least one hydroxyl group is present in at least one R1, R2 and R3 radical, preferably R1═H, CH3, CH2CH3, C6H5, (CH2)2SCH3 and R2═H, CH3 and R3═OH, equally preferably R1═CH2OH, CHOHCH3 and R2═R3═H, CH3, more preferably R1═R2═CH3 and R3═OH, equally more preferably R1═CH2OH, R2═CH3 and R3═H, comprising the following step: heating an aqueous starting solution comprising the ammonium carboxylate to form, by thermal decomposition of the ammonium carboxylate, the hydroxycarboxylic acid and ammonia, and simultaneously to remove at least a portion of the free water and of the ammonia formed from the solution and thus to obtain a product fraction comprising the hydroxycarboxylic acid, characterized in that the content of the ammonium salt in the starting solution is less than 60% by weight, the thermal decomposition of the ammonium salt and the removal of the free water and of the ammonia formed are effected in one process step, the conversion of the ammonium salt being more than 20 mol %, preferably more than 30 mol %, more preferably more than 50 mol %, especially preferably more than 75 mol %, very especially preferably more than 90 mol % and especially more than 95 mol %, and no ether, alcohol or hydrocarbon is used as an entraining agent.