公开(公告)号：US07474749B2

公开(公告)日：2009-01-06

申请号：US11349420

申请日：2006-02-06

申请人： Anthony P. Mauro

发明人： Anthony P. Mauro

IPC分类号： H04K1/00 ,  H04L9/00

CPC分类号： H04K1/00 ,  H04L9/12

摘要： A method and apparatus for achieving crypto-syncronization in a packet data communication system employing cryptographic communications. In a transmitter, a state vector is incremented at a predetermined rate and is provided to an encryption module. The encryption module uses the state vector to sequentially encrypt the data frames. During periods of frame dropping prior to encryption, the state vector is disabled, thereby allowing for sequential encryption of the data frames. In a receiver, during a frame dropping condition, the state vector is advanced in proportion to the number of frames dropped. During an underflow condition at the receiver, the state vector is disabled for the duration of the underflow condition, and enabled once the underflow condition has passed.

摘要翻译： 一种在采用加密通信的分组数据通信系统中实现加密同步化的方法和装置。 在发射机中，状态向量以预定速率递增，并被提供给加密模块。 加密模块使用状态向量来顺序加密数据帧。 在加密之前的丢帧期间，状态向量被禁用，从而允许数据帧的顺序加密。 在接收机中，在丢帧条件下，状态向量与丢弃的帧数成比例地提前。 在接收器的下溢条件期间，状态向量在下溢条件的持续时间内被禁用，一旦下溢条件已经过去，状态向量被使能。

公开(公告)号：US6122384A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-19

申请号：US921492

申请日：1997-09-02

申请人： Anthony P. Mauro

发明人： Anthony P. Mauro

IPC分类号： G10L15/20 ,  G10L19/24 ,  G10L21/0232 ,  H04B15/00

CPC分类号： G10L21/0232 ,  G10L19/24

摘要： A system and method for noise suppression in a speech processing system is presented. A gain estimator determines the gain, and thus the level of noise suppression, for each frame of the input signal. If no speech is present in the frame, then the gain is set at a predetermined minimum. If speech is present in the frame, then a gain factor is determined for each channel of a predefined set of frequency channels. For each channel, the gain factor is a function of the SNR of speech in the channel. The channel SNRs are generated by a SNR estimator based on channel energy estimates provided by an energy estimator and channel noise energy estimates provided by a noise energy estimator. The noise energy estimator updates its estimates during frames in which no speech is present, as determined by a speech detector.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种用于语音处理系统中噪声抑制的系统和方法。 增益估计器确定输入信号的每个帧的增益，从而确定噪声抑制的电平。 如果帧中没有语音，则将增益设置为预定的最小值。 如果帧中存在语音，则为预定频率信道集合的每个信道确定增益因子。 对于每个通道，增益因子是通道中语音的SNR的函数。 信道SNR由SNR估计器基于由能量估计器提供的信道能量估计和由噪声能量估计器提供的信道噪声能量估计来生成。 噪声能量估计器在没有语音存在的帧期间更新其估计，如由语音检测器确定的。

公开(公告)号：US06694291B2

公开(公告)日：2004-02-17

申请号：US09745244

申请日：2000-12-20

申请人： Anthony P. Mauro ,  Gilbert C. Sih

发明人： Anthony P. Mauro ,  Gilbert C. Sih

IPC分类号： G10L1906

CPC分类号： G10L21/02 ,  G10L21/0232

摘要： A system for enhancing low frequency spectral content of a signal transmitted via a channel, that includes a noise suppression circuit to update channel energy estimates; and a spectral enhancer circuit coupled to and follows the noise suppression circuit, the spectral enhancer circuit to determine channel enhancement in response to the channel energy estimates.

摘要翻译： 一种用于增强经由信道发送的信号的低频谱含量的系统，其包括用于更新信道能量估计的噪声抑制电路; 以及耦合到噪声抑制电路并且跟随噪声抑制电路的频谱增强器电路，频谱增强器电路响应于信道能量估计来确定信道增强。

公开(公告)号：US08312262B2

公开(公告)日：2012-11-13

申请号：US10837161

申请日：2004-04-30

申请人： Anthony P. Mauro, II ,  Oliver Michaelis

发明人： Anthony P. Mauro, II ,  Oliver Michaelis

IPC分类号： H06L29/06

CPC分类号： H04L9/3247 ,  H04L9/3263 ,  H04L2209/56 ,  H04L2209/60 ,  H04L2209/80

摘要： A Management System (MS) manages signing privileges for entities desiring cryptographic signatures, and a Certificate Authority (CA) provides a cryptographic signing service. MS registers entities for the cryptographic signing service, determines signing privileges for each entity, and processes requests from entities for signatures. For registration, MS obtains registration information for the entity and invokes CA to generate an identity certificate for the entity. This identity certificate contains cryptographic information used to uniquely identify the entity. For signature generation, MS receives a request for a signature from the entity, authenticates the entity, authorizes or denies the request based on the signing privileges stored for the entity, and invokes CA to generate the signature if the signature is authorized. CA provides the cryptographic signing service and generates signatures and certificates as directed by MS.

摘要翻译： 管理系统（MS）管理希望加密签名的实体的签名特权，证书颁发机构（CA）提供加密签名服务。 MS为加密签名服务注册实体，确定每个实体的签名特权，并处理来自实体签名的请求。 对于注册，MS获取实体的注册信息，并调用CA为该实体生成身份证书。 该身份证书包含用于唯一标识实体的加密信息。 对于签名生成，MS从实体接收到签名请求，根据为该实体存储的签名特权来认证实体，授权或拒绝请求，并且如果签名被授权，则调用CA生成签名。 CA提供加密签名服务，并按照MS的指示生成签名和证书。

公开(公告)号：US08041957B2

公开(公告)日：2011-10-18

申请号：US10815256

申请日：2004-03-31

申请人： Oliver Michaelis ,  Anthony P. Mauro

发明人： Oliver Michaelis ,  Anthony P. Mauro

IPC分类号： G06F11/30

CPC分类号： G06F21/121 ,  G06F21/51

摘要： Techniques for associating software with hardware using cryptography are described. The software is identified by a software identifier (ID), and the hardware is identified by a hardware ID. The software is hashed to obtain a code digest. A code signature is generated for the code digest, software ID, and hardware ID. A code image is formed with the software, software ID, code signature, and a certificate. The certificate contains cryptographic information used to authenticate the certificate and validate the code signature. The code image is loaded onto a device. The device validates the software to hardware association prior to executing the software. For the validation, the device authenticates the certificate with a certificate authority public key embedded within the device. The device also validates the code signature using the cryptographic information contained in the certificate, information in the code image, and the hardware ID embedded within the device.

摘要翻译： 描述了使用密码学将软件与硬件相关联的技术。 该软件由软件标识符（ID）标识，硬件由硬件ID标识。 该软件被散列以获得代码摘要。 为代码摘要，软件ID和硬件ID生成代码签名。 代码图像由软件，软件ID，代码签名和证书组成。 证书包含用于验证证书并验证代码签名的加密信息。 代码图像被加载到设备上。 在执行软件之前，设备会将软件验证为硬件关联。 对于验证，设备使用嵌入设备中的证书颁发机构公钥来验证证书。 设备还使用证书中包含的加密信息，代码映像中的信息和嵌入在设备内的硬件ID来验证代码签名。

公开(公告)号：US07305092B2

公开(公告)日：2007-12-04

申请号：US09828556

申请日：2001-04-05

申请人： Anthony P. Mauro ,  James J. Willkie

发明人： Anthony P. Mauro ,  James J. Willkie

IPC分类号： H04K1/00 ,  H04L9/00 ,  H04L29/06 ,  G06F15/78 ,  G06F13/12

CPC分类号： H04L29/06 ,  H04L63/0485 ,  H04L63/08 ,  H04L63/12 ,  H04L63/166 ,  H04L67/04 ,  H04L69/12 ,  H04L69/32 ,  H04L2463/102

摘要： A device and method for accelerating functioning of a software application having multi-layer, high overhead protocols, wherein the device has a processor (12) operating a software application (20) having a multi-layer protocol; a high performance processor (14) configured to operate at least one layer of the multi-layer protocol; and a memory (16) accessible to each of the processor (12) and the high performance processor (14).

摘要翻译： 一种用于加速具有多层高开销协议的软件应用的功能的装置和方法，其中所述设备具有操作具有多层协议的软件应用程序（20）的处理器（12） 配置为操作所述多层协议的至少一层的高性能处理器（14）; 以及可由处理器（12）和高性能处理器（14）中的每一个访问的存储器（16）。

公开(公告)号：US06766176B1

公开(公告)日：2004-07-20

申请号：US09281568

申请日：1999-03-30

申请人： Samir Gupta ,  Anthony P. Mauro ,  Andrew P. Dejaco

发明人： Samir Gupta ,  Anthony P. Mauro ,  Andrew P. Dejaco

IPC分类号： H04M100

CPC分类号： H04M1/6016 ,  H04M1/6008

摘要： The mobile telephone is provided with the capability for automatically adjusting the gain of a microphone of the telephone based upon the detected noise level in which the cellular telephone is operated. As the noise level increases, the gain of the microphone is automatically decreased, thereby compensating for the natural tendency of telephone users to speak more loudly in noisy environments. Also, by decreasing the microphone gain, any clipping that might otherwise occur as a result of the user speaking more loudly is avoided and the signal-to-noise ratio is not thereby decreased. Furthermore, because the microphone gain decreases, the volume level of the voice of the user as it is output from the other party's telephone is not unduly loud. Hence, the other party need not manually decrease the speaker gain of his or her telephone. In the exemplary embodiment, the cellular telephone includes a digital signal processor configured or programmed to apply the detected noise level to look-up tables relating various noise levels to appropriate speaker and microphone gain levels. Also, in the exemplary embodiment, the mobile telephone includes a speaker and the gain of the speaker is adjusted to increase in response to an increase in the background noise level. A device for adjusting gain in a microphone of a wireless communications device includes adjustable digital gain logic coupled to the microphone and a limiter coupled to the adjustable digital gain logic. The limiter performs peak detection on a speech signal that is input to the microphone.

摘要翻译： 移动电话具有根据检测到的蜂窝电话操作的噪声电平自动调整电话的麦克风的增益的能力。 随着噪声水平的增加，麦克风的增益自动降低，从而补偿了电话用户在嘈杂的环境中更大声的自然倾向。 此外，通过降低麦克风增益，避免了由于用户更大声地发出的任何可能的削波，并且信噪比不因此降低。 此外，由于麦克风增益降低，​​因此从对方的电话输出的用户的声音的音量水平不会过大。 因此，另一方不需要手动减少他或她的电话的扬声器增益。 在示例性实施例中，蜂窝电话包括配置或编程为将检测到的噪声电平应用于将各种噪声电平与适当的扬声器和麦克风增益电平相关联的查找表的数字信号处理器。 此外，在示例性实施例中，移动电话包括扬声器，并且调节扬声器的增益以响应于背景噪声电平的增加而增加。 用于调整无线通信设备的麦克风增益的装置包括耦合到麦克风的可调数字增益逻辑器件和耦合到可调数字增益逻辑的限幅器。 限幅器对输入到麦克风的语音信号进行峰值检测。

公开(公告)号：US06744882B1

公开(公告)日：2004-06-01

申请号：US09281564

申请日：1999-03-30

申请人： Samir Gupta ,  Anthony P. Mauro ,  Andrew P. Dejaco

发明人： Samir Gupta ,  Anthony P. Mauro ,  Andrew P. Dejaco

IPC分类号： H04M100

CPC分类号： H04M1/6016 ,  H04M1/6008

摘要： The mobile telephone is provided with the capability for automatically adjusting the gain of a microphone of the telephone based upon the detected noise level in which the cellular telephone is operated. As the noise level increases, the gain of the microphone is automatically decreased, thereby compensating for the natural tendency of telephone users to speak more loudly in noisy environments. Also, by decreasing the microphone gain, any clipping that might otherwise occur as a result of the user speaking more loudly is avoided and the signal-to-noise ratio is not thereby decreased. Furthermore, because the microphone gain decreases, the volume level of the voice of the user as it is output from the other party's telephone is not unduly loud. Hence, the other party need not manually decrease the speaker gain of his or her telephone. In the exemplary embodiment, the cellular telephone includes a digital signal processor configured or programmed to apply the detected noise level to look-up tables relating various noise levels to appropriate speaker and microphone gain levels. Also, in the exemplary embodiment, the mobile telephone includes a speaker and the gain of the speaker is adjusted to increase in response to an increase in the background noise level. A method of automatically adjusting the gain of speaker in a wireless communications device includes the steps of obtaining a digital value representing the available headroom, estimating the background noise level, and adjusting the volume based on the background noise estimate and the available headroom. Thus, for example, the need for manual volume control buttons on a cellular telephone is eliminated.

摘要翻译： 移动电话具有根据检测到的蜂窝电话操作的噪声电平自动调整电话的麦克风的增益的能力。 随着噪声水平的增加，麦克风的增益自动降低，从而补偿了电话用户在嘈杂的环境中更大声的自然倾向。 此外，通过降低麦克风增益，避免了由于用户更大声地发出的任何可能的削波，并且信噪比不因此降低。 此外，由于麦克风增益降低，​​因此从对方的电话输出的用户的声音的音量水平不会过大。 因此，另一方不需要手动减少他或她的电话的扬声器增益。 在示例性实施例中，蜂窝电话包括配置或编程为将检测到的噪声电平应用于将各种噪声电平与适当的扬声器和麦克风增益电平相关联的查找表的数字信号处理器。 此外，在示例性实施例中，移动电话包括扬声器，并且调节扬声器的增益以响应于背景噪声电平的增加而增加。 一种在无线通信设备中自动调节扬声器的增益的方法包括以下步骤：获得表示可用净空的数字值，估计背景噪声电平，以及基于背景噪声估计和可用净空调整音量。 因此，例如，消除了对蜂窝电话上的手动音量控制按钮的需要。

公开(公告)号：US06233549B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-15

申请号：US09199072

申请日：1998-11-23

申请人： Anthony P. Mauro ,  Gilbert C. Sih

发明人： Anthony P. Mauro ,  Gilbert C. Sih

IPC分类号： G10L1906

CPC分类号： G10L21/02 ,  G10L21/0232

摘要： A system for enhancing low frequency spectral content of a digitized signal which identifies a fundamental frequency component in the signal and selectively boosts signals within a predetermined range thereof. In the illustrative embodiment, the digitized signal is a frequency domain transformed speech signal. The invention amplifies the low frequency components of the speech signal. The speaker unique fundamental frequency of the speech is computed using pitch delay information and is thus dynamic from frame to frame and also speaker to speaker. This fundamental frequency defines the center point of a gain window which is applied to select frequency components. Only such fundamental frequency components which exhibit a large enough signal to noise ratio have the amplification function applied. Thus, this function can be applied directly following a noise suppression system which has knowledge of the signal quality in each frequency bin. The gain window is ramped up and hanged over to smooth the amplification function between successive frames.

摘要翻译： 一种用于增强数字化信号的低频谱含量的系统，其识别信号中的基频分量并且选择性地提高其预定范围内的信号。 在说明性实施例中，数字化信号是频域变换的语音信号。 本发明放大语音信号的低频分量。 使用音调延迟信息来计算扬声器独特的基本频率，并且因此是帧间动态的，而扬声器也是扬声器。 该基本频率定义了应用于选择频率分量的增益窗口的中心点。 仅具有足够大的信噪比的基频分量具有应用的放大功能。 因此，该功能可以直接应用于具有每个频率仓中的信号质量知识的噪声抑制系统。 增益窗口上升并挂起，以平滑连续帧之间的放大功能。

公开(公告)号：US08010781B2

公开(公告)日：2011-08-30

申请号：US11937449

申请日：2007-11-08

申请人： Anthony P. Mauro ,  James J. Willkie

发明人： Anthony P. Mauro ,  James J. Willkie

IPC分类号： G10L15/00 ,  H04K1/00 ,  H04L9/00 ,  H04L29/06 ,  H04L1/00 ,  G06F15/78 ,  G06F13/12

CPC分类号： H04L29/06 ,  H04L63/0485 ,  H04L63/08 ,  H04L63/12 ,  H04L63/166 ,  H04L67/04 ,  H04L69/12 ,  H04L69/32 ,  H04L2463/102

摘要： A device and method for accelerating functioning of a software application having multi-layer, high overhead protocols, wherein the device has a first processor operating a software application having a multi-layer protocol; a second processor configured to operate at least one layer of the multi-layer protocol; and a memory accessible to each of the processor and the second processor.

摘要翻译： 一种用于加速具有多层高开销协议的软件应用的功能的装置和方法，其中所述设备具有操作具有多层协议的软件应用的第一处理器; 配置为操作所述多层协议的至少一层的第二处理器; 以及每个处理器和第二处理器可访问的存储器。