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公开(公告)号：US4870279A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-26
申请号：US208629
申请日：1988-06-20
CPC分类号： G01T1/202 , G01T1/2018
摘要： An imaging X-ray sensor is composed of a linear array of microscopically small bars of polycrystalline ceramic scintillator material bonded at the bar ends to an integrated circuit photodetector array. The scintillator bars are the basic resolution elements of the detector and are less than 50 microns in width. Each bar produces a flash of light with intensity related to the X-ray flux penetrating the bar. A reflective coating covering five surfaces of the bars isolates each detector element and channels the light into the photodetector bonded to one end of the bar. A method of fabricating the detector array utilizes the machineability and good mechanical strength of scintillators such as rare earth oxides doped with rare earth activators.
摘要翻译： 成像X射线传感器由在棒端部结合到集成电路光电检测器阵列的多晶陶瓷闪烁体材料的微观小棒的线性阵列组成。 闪烁棒是检测器的基本分辨率元件，宽度小于50微米。 每个棒产生与通过棒的X射线通量相关的强度的闪光。 覆盖杆的五个表面的反射涂层隔离每个检测器元件并将光通过结合到杆的一端的光电检测器。 一种制造检测器阵列的方法利用掺杂有稀土活化剂的稀土氧化物等闪烁体的机械性能和良好的机械强度。
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公开(公告)号：US4659956A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-21
申请号：US847998
申请日：1986-04-03
申请人： Casmir R. Trzaskos , John D. Young
发明人： Casmir R. Trzaskos , John D. Young
CPC分类号： G10K11/30 , G10K11/32 , H04R2217/03
摘要： Improved focussing and increased bandwidth is obtained in a single-element ultrasonic transducer for non-destructive evaluation and material characterization applications. The piezoelectric ceramic element has a radius of curvature R.sub.1, and a combination lens and cover layer on its front surface has a radius of curvature R.sub.2 which is less than R.sub.1. The depth of field of the transducer is increased and the bandwidth improved; the total thickness of the lens may be selected to control bandwidth.
摘要翻译： 用于非破坏性评估和材料表征应用的单元件超声换能器中获得了改进的聚焦和增加的带宽。 压电陶瓷元件具有曲率半径R1，并且其前表面上的组合透镜和覆盖层具有小于R1的曲率半径R2。 传感器的景深增加，带宽提高; 可以选择透镜的总厚度来控制带宽。
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3.发明授权Ultrasonic transducer and process to obtain high acoustic attenuation in the backing 失效超声波换能器和工艺在背衬中获得高声衰减
公开(公告)号：US4382201A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-03
申请号：US258226
申请日：1981-04-27
申请人： Casmir R. Trzaskos
发明人： Casmir R. Trzaskos
CPC分类号： G10K11/165 , G10K11/002
摘要： A high frequency ultrasonic transducer is improved by fabricating the tungsten-polyvinyl chloride composite, which backs the elements, in a specific manner. Small particle size tungsten powder and PVC powder are placed into a high pressure die. Standard processing of the powder mixture includes degasing followed by heating and compressing. To maximize the acoustic attenuation, the pressure applied to the mixture is maintained until it has cooled down. The composite is in a state of elastic compression and spontaneously expands when removed from the die, giving rise to the high levels of acoustic attenuation.
摘要翻译： 通过以特定的方式制造支撑元件的钨 - 聚氯乙烯复合材料来改进高频超声换能器。 将小粒径的钨粉和PVC粉末放入高压模具中。 粉末混合物的标准处理包括脱气，然后加热和压缩。 为了使声衰减最大化，保持施加到混合物的压力，直到其被冷却。 复合材料处于弹性压缩状态，当从模具中取出时自发地膨胀，产生高水平的声衰减。
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4.发明授权Bonded cathode and electrode structure with layered insulation, and method of manufacture 失效具有分层绝缘的粘结阴极和电极结构及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US4250428A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-10
申请号：US37257
申请日：1979-05-09
CPC分类号： H01J19/42
摘要： The variety of technologies that have been applied in the development of aonded grid cathode are described. These include chemical vapor deposition of tungsten, molybdenum, iridium, BM, and Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 on both sides of a sintered tungsten cathode disk. Zirconium and titanium getters have been used to eliminate nitrogen evolution problems. Films of Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 have been added to the insulation to prevent calcium and barium diffusion into the layer and maintain adequate resistivity and breakdown strength. Plasma etching was introduced as a method of removing Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 from the cathode pores.
摘要翻译： 描述了已经应用于开发粘合栅极阴极的各种技术。 这些包括在烧结的钨阴极盘的两侧上的钨，钼，铱，BM和Si 3 N 4的化学气相沉积。 已经使用锆和钛吸气剂来消除氮的进化问题。 已经将Si3N4薄膜添加到绝缘层中，以防止钙和钡扩散到层中并保持足够的电阻率和击穿强度。 引入等离子体蚀刻作为从阴极孔除去Si 3 N 4的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4979199A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-18
申请号：US429743
申请日：1989-10-31
申请人： Michael K. Cueman , Lewis J. Thomas, III , Casmir R. Trzaskos , August D. Matula , Michael J. Austin
发明人： Michael K. Cueman , Lewis J. Thomas, III , Casmir R. Trzaskos , August D. Matula , Michael J. Austin
摘要： A microfocus X-ray tube has an anode that emits X-rays and, a biproduct of its waste heat, visible and near infrared light. This invention uses the biproduct light to adjust and maintain the focus of the electron beam and enhance the performance of the X-ray tube as a point source of X-rays. Only the light is reflected by a mirror along a path in which a viewport is placed in the tube envelope. An sensor, e.g., a photodiode, or television camera, is placed in the path. A display means, e.g., a television display, meter, etc., can be connected to the sensing means to display the emitting spot of the anode or the amplitude of the emission. The focus of the X-ray tube is assured by observing the biproduct light and adjusting the electron beam to either minimize the size of the glowing spot or maximizing its apparent brightness. A method for use with an emitter of first and second types of radiation comprises reflecting only the second type of radiation, and sensing the reflected radiation. A microfocus X-ray tube features a mirror for reflecting light but not X-rays. A viewport such as quartz can be disposed in the path of the reflected light in the tube envelope.
摘要翻译： 微焦点X射线管具有发射X射线的阳极和其余热的可见光和近红外光的二次产物。 本发明使用双色光调节和保持电子束的焦点，并增强作为X射线点的X射线管的性能。 只有光沿着视口被放置在管外壳中的路径被反射镜反射。 诸如光电二极管或电视摄像机的传感器被放置在路径中。 诸如电视显示器，仪表等的显示装置可以连接到感测装置以显示阳极的发射点或发射的幅度。 通过观察二元光并调整电子束来确保X射线管的焦点，以使发光斑点的尺寸最小化或使其表观亮度最大化。 用于第一和第二类型辐射的发射器的方法包括仅反射第二类型的辐射并且感测反射的辐射。 微焦点X射线管具有用于反射光而不是X射线的反射镜。 诸如石英的视口可以设置在管外壳中的反射光的路径中。
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公开(公告)号：US5389848A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-14
申请号：US006274
申请日：1993-01-15
申请人： Casmir R. Trzaskos
发明人： Casmir R. Trzaskos
CPC分类号： B06B1/0611 , G01H11/08 , Y10S310/80
摘要： An ultrasonic transducer employed for both transmitting ultrasonic acoustic energy into an immersion medium and for detecting acoustic energy reflected from an object under examination is provided, the transducer having a hybrid transmitter and receiver in which a ceramic piezoelectric material is used to construct a first piezoelectric element for transmitting the acoustic energy, and a polymer piezoelectric material is used to fabricate a second piezoelectric element for receiving the reflected acoustic energy. The hybrid ultrasonic transducer provides improved performance over prior transducers using only a single ceramic piezoelectric element, in that the good transmitting properties of the ceramic are preserved, while the better receiving properties of the polymer piezoelectric are used to improve the sensitivity of the transducer. The polymer piezoelectric has the further advantage of providing a closer match of acoustic impedance to the immersion fluid used in the evaluation of objects.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于将超声波能量传输到浸没介质中并用于检测从被检查物体反射的声能的超声波换能器，所述换能器具有混合发射器和接收器，其中陶瓷压电材料用于构造第一压电元件 用于传输声能，并且聚合物压电材料用于制造用于接收反射的声能的第二压电元件。 混合超声波换能器提供了比仅使用单个陶瓷压电元件的现有传感器更好的性能，因为保留了陶瓷的良好的传输性能，而使用聚合物压电体的更好的接收性能来提高传感器的灵敏度。 聚合物压电体具有进一步的优点，即提供声阻抗与用于评价物体的浸液的更接近的匹配。
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7.发明授权High frequency focused ultrasonic transducer for invasive tissue characterization 失效用于侵入性组织表征的高频聚焦超声波换能器
公开(公告)号：US4911170A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-27
申请号：US235067
申请日：1988-08-22
CPC分类号： A61B8/12 , A61B2017/22001 , A61M25/104
摘要： A broadband 25 to 50 MHz spherically focused ultrasonic transducer is placed on the tip of a catheter such that ultrasonic images of arteries and plaque are produced by introducing the catheter into arteries of patients. The high frequency transducer has thin piezoelectric polymer film as the transducing element and is adhered to a depression in the reduced cross section catheter tip. A coaxial cable in the catheter connects the transducer to an external signal source and a display for the received signals. The diagnosis and characterization of arterial disease is most often coupled with a therapeutic technique such as balloon angioplasty.
摘要翻译： 将宽带25至50MHz的球形聚焦超声波换能器放置在导管的尖端上，使得通过将导管引入患者的动脉中来产生动脉和斑块的超声波图像。 高频换能器具有作为转导元件的薄压电聚合物膜，并且在减小的横截面导管尖端中粘附到凹陷。 导管中的同轴电缆将传感器连接到外部信号源和接收信号的显示器。 动脉疾病的诊断和表征通常与诸如球囊血管成形术的治疗技术相结合。
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公开(公告)号：US4734988A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-05
申请号：US832981
申请日：1986-02-25
CPC分类号： A61B6/587 , A61B6/08 , G01T1/1641 , G01T1/2935 , G21K1/02
摘要： A method for aligning a X-ray beam collimator to a linear array X-ray detector. The method computes a horizontal centerline on the detector and a horizontal centerline the collimator. The horizontal centerlines are then aligned. Vertical centerlines are computed for the detector and collimator. A thickness for a shim is computed from the difference in the vertical centerlines. The collimator is installed on vertical standoffs with the shims inserted between the collimator and standoffs. The shims align the collimator and detector in the vertical direction.
摘要翻译： 一种用于将X射线束准直仪与线性阵列X射线检测器对准的方法。 该方法计算检测器上的水平中心线和准直仪的水平中心线。 然后对准水平中心线。 为检测器和准直仪计算垂直中心线。 根据垂直中心线的差异计算垫片的厚度。 准直器安装在垂直支架上，垫片插入准直器和支架之间。 垫片在垂直方向对准准直仪和检测器。
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