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    Evaporator apparatus and method for making nanoparticles
    1.
    发明授权
    Evaporator apparatus and method for making nanoparticles 失效
    蒸发器及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US5618475A

    公开(公告)日：1997-04-08

    申请号：US557206

    申请日：1995-11-14

    申请人： D. Lynn Johnson ,  Vinayak P. Dravid

    发明人： D. Lynn Johnson ,  Vinayak P. Dravid

    IPC分类号： B01J13/02 ,  B01J13/04 ,  B22F1/00 ,  B22F9/12 ,  B22F9/14 ,  C01B13/20 ,  C01B21/06 ,  C01B31/30 ,  C01B35/04 ,  B29B9/00

    CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  B01J13/02 ,  B01J13/04 ,  B22F1/0018 ,  B22F1/0088 ,  B22F9/12 ,  B22F9/14 ,  C01B13/20 ,  C01B21/06 ,  C01B31/30 ,  C01B35/04 ,  B01J2219/0822 ,  C01P2004/51 ,  C01P2004/64 ,  C01P2004/80 ,  Y10S423/40 ,  Y10S977/773 ,  Y10S977/843 ,  Y10S977/844 ,  Y10S977/845 ,  Y10S977/896 ,  Y10S977/901

    摘要： Nanoparticles of a material less than about 100 nm in diameter are made by evaporating the material in an evaporation chamber residing in an entrainment chamber having a gaseous atmosphere therein. The evaporator is disposed in but isolated from the entrainment chamber, except for a gaseous jet discharge opening. A carrier gas is introduced to the evaporation chamber to carry vapor of the material in the evaporation chamber through the discharge opening into the entrainment chamber as a gaseous jet. The gaseous jet entrains the gaseous atmosphere for quenching the vapor to form nanoparticles. Solid material is supplied at a feedrate to a supply opening of the evaporation chamber, melted at an end region remote from the supply opening, and evaporated at the end region at an evaporation rate equal to the feed rate of the solid material. First and second metals having different vapor pressures can be supplied to respective first and second evaporation chambers and their vapors collected in a common vapor collection chamber having the discharge opening therein. The carrier gas is introduced to the vapor collection chamber to carry the metal vapors together through the discharge opening as a gaseous jet into the entrainment chamber where nanoparticles comprising the two metals are formed.

    摘要翻译： 直径小于约100nm的材料的纳米颗粒通过在其中具有气体气氛的夹带室中的蒸发室中蒸发掉材料来制备。 除了气体喷射排出口之外，蒸发器设置在与夹带室隔离的位置。 将载气引入蒸发室以将蒸发室中的材料的蒸气通过排放口带入作为气体射流的夹带室。 气态气流夹带气态气体以猝灭蒸气形成纳米颗粒。 固体材料以进给速度供给到蒸发室的供应开口，在远离供应开口的端部区域熔化，并以与固体材料的进料速率相等的蒸发速率在端部区域蒸发。 可以将具有不同蒸汽压的第一和第二金属供应到相应的第一和第二蒸发室，并且其蒸气被收集在其中具有排放口的公共蒸气收集室中。 载气被引入蒸气收集室，以将金属蒸气作为气体射流通过排放口输送到夹带室中，其中形成了包含两种金属的纳米颗粒。

    Nanoparticle synthesis apparatus and method
    3.
    发明授权
    Nanoparticle synthesis apparatus and method 失效
    纳米微粒合成装置及方法

    公开(公告)号：US5665277A

    公开(公告)日：1997-09-09

    申请号：US557304

    申请日：1995-11-14

    申请人： D. Lynn Johnson ,  Vinayak P. Dravid ,  Mao-Hua Teng ,  Jonathon J. Host ,  Jinha Hwang ,  Brian R. Elliott

    发明人： D. Lynn Johnson ,  Vinayak P. Dravid ,  Mao-Hua Teng ,  Jonathon J. Host ,  Jinha Hwang ,  Brian R. Elliott

    IPC分类号： B01J13/02 ,  B01J13/04 ,  B22F1/00 ,  B22F9/12 ,  B22F9/14 ,  C01B13/20 ,  C01B21/06 ,  C01B31/30 ,  C01B35/04 ,  B05B17/04

    CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  B01J13/02 ,  B01J13/04 ,  B22F1/0018 ,  B22F1/0088 ,  B22F9/12 ,  B22F9/14 ,  C01B13/20 ,  C01B21/06 ,  C01B31/30 ,  C01B35/04 ,  B01J2219/0822 ,  C01P2004/51 ,  C01P2004/64 ,  C01P2004/80 ,  Y10S423/40 ,  Y10S977/773 ,  Y10S977/843 ,  Y10S977/844 ,  Y10S977/845 ,  Y10S977/896 ,  Y10S977/901

    摘要： Method and apparatus for making nanoparticles of a material having a diameter of 100 nanometers or less wherein the material to be formed into nanoparticles is evaporated to form a vapor plume therein, a non-reactive entrainment gaseous atmosphere suitable for evaporation conditions is introduced to a first chamber, a gaseous jet is directed through the vapor plume in a direction to carry nanoparticles formed by quenching of the vapor plume through a flow restriction orifice between the first chamber and a second chamber downstream of the first chamber, recirculation of the gaseous jet and nanoparticles entrained therein from the second chamber to the first chamber is substantially prevented to thereby provide a second stage of the gaseous jet downstream of the orifice and substantially isolated from said first chamber for flow to the second chamber, and collecting the nanoparticles from the second stage of said gaseous jet in a collection chamber downstream from the orifice. The nanoparticles can be reacted in an aerosol reactor chamber located downstream of the orifice under a variety of reaction conditions without adversely affecting the evaporation conditons present in the first chamber.

    摘要翻译： 用于制造直径为100纳米或更小的材料的纳米颗粒的方法和装置，其中待形成纳米颗粒的材料被蒸发以在其中形成蒸汽羽流，适合于蒸发条件的非反应性夹带气态气体被引入第一 气体射流沿着蒸气羽流的方向被引导通过在第一腔室和第一腔室下游的第二腔室之间的流动限制孔板骤冷蒸汽羽流而形成的纳米颗粒，气态射流和纳米颗粒的再循环 基本上防止了从第二腔室夹带到第一腔室中的气态射流的第二阶段，并且基本上与所述第一腔室隔离，以流动到第二腔室，并从第二腔室的第二阶段收集纳米颗粒 所述气体射流在孔口下游的收集室中。 纳米颗粒可以在多种反应条件下在位于孔口下游的气溶胶反应器室中反应，而不会不利地影响第一室中存在的蒸发条件。

    Textured, polycrystalline, superconducting ceramic compositions and method of preparation
    5.
    发明授权
    Textured, polycrystalline, superconducting ceramic compositions and method of preparation 失效
    纹理，多晶，超导陶瓷组合物及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US5273956A

    公开(公告)日：1993-12-28

    申请号：US219094

    申请日：1988-07-14

    申请人： D. Lynn Johnson ,  Quentin K. Robinson

    发明人： D. Lynn Johnson ,  Quentin K. Robinson

    IPC分类号： H01L39/24 ,  H01L39/00

    CPC分类号： H01L39/2419 ,  Y10S505/78

    摘要： Textured, dense, polycrystalline ceramic bodies are produced by a sinter-compression process which exhibit anisotropic superconducting properties. The bodies are produced from low density aggregates of crystalline particles by applying compressive forces to two opposed faces while permitting the aggregate to expand perpendicularly to the axis of compression. This produces a microcrystalline structure predominately composed of elongated platelike grains having their broad faces generally aligned with the body faces to which the compression was applied. The resulting bodies exhibit room temperature conductivity several times greater in a direction parallel to their compression faces than perpendicular thereto.

    摘要翻译： 纹理，致密，多晶陶瓷体通过显示各向异性超导特性的烧结压缩工艺生产。 通过将压缩力施加到两个相对的表面，同时允许聚集体垂直于压缩轴线膨胀，从低密度的结晶颗粒聚集体产生体。 这产生主要由细长的片状颗粒组成的微晶结构，其细长的平板状颗粒的宽面通常与施加压缩物的体面对齐。 所得到的物体在平行于它们的压缩面的方向上比垂直于其的方向显示室温导电率几倍。

    Method of making chemical vapor infiltrated composites
    6.
    发明授权
    Method of making chemical vapor infiltrated composites 失效
    化学气相渗透复合材料的制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US5472650A

    公开(公告)日：1995-12-05

    申请号：US3238

    申请日：1993-01-11

    申请人： D. Lynn Johnson ,  Hamlin M. Jennings ,  Mark S. Spotz ,  Daniel J. Skamser

    发明人： D. Lynn Johnson ,  Hamlin M. Jennings ,  Mark S. Spotz ,  Daniel J. Skamser

    IPC分类号： C04B35/64 ,  C04B35/80 ,  C23C16/04 ,  C23C16/48 ,  H05B6/80 ,  H05B6/64

    CPC分类号： C23C16/481 ,  C04B35/64 ,  C04B35/80 ,  C23C16/045 ,  H05B6/80

    摘要： Method/apparatus for making a composite wherein reinforcement or filler material, such as, for example, ceramic fibers or whiskers, are confined in a microwave-transparent envelope, the reinforcement or filler material is microwave heated, and a gaseous reactant stream is flowed through the envelope so as to infiltrate interstices of the heated reinforcement or filler material and chemically vapor deposit a matrix, such as a ceramic matrix, from the interior toward the exterior of the heated material. The envelope imparts a desired shape and size to the composite. After infiltration, the envelope typically is removed from the composite.

    摘要翻译： 用于制造复合材料的方法/装置，其中增强材料或填充材料，例如陶瓷纤维或晶须被限制在微波透明的外壳中，加强或填充材料被微波加热，并且气态反应物流流过 以便渗透加热的加强件或填充材料的间隙，并从加热材料的内部朝向外部化学气相沉积诸如陶瓷基体的基体。 信封赋予复合材料所需的形状和尺寸。 渗透后，通常从复合材料中除去外壳。