公开(公告)号：US06750900B1

公开(公告)日：2004-06-15

申请号：US09121171

申请日：1998-07-23

申请人： David R. Cok

发明人： David R. Cok

IPC分类号： H04N5225

CPC分类号： G11B27/031 ,  G06T7/246 ,  G06T7/33 ,  H04N5/144

摘要： A method and apparatus is provided for efficient computing of perspective transformation motion tracking parameters in a sequence of images. More specifically, a set of initial positions for N points defined as (xi yi) for i=1 to N corresponding to at least one input image in a sequence of images are defined. The initial positions are preferably chosen based on image features having good edge and corner definitions. A set of mapping parameters are then generated using a matrix processor to solve linearized equations that define a set of final positions. The mapping parameters are then applied to the initial positions to define the set of final positions.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于在图像序列中有效计算透视变换运动跟踪参数的方法和装置。 更具体地说，定义了与图像序列中的至少一个输入图像对应的i = 1〜N的（xi yi）的N个点的一组初始位置。 优选地，基于具有良好边缘和角部定义的图像特征来选择初始位置。 然后使用矩阵处理器生成一组映射参数，以求解定义一组最终位置的线性方程。 然后将映射参数应用于初始位置以定义最终位置集合。

公开(公告)号：US5801710A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-01

申请号：US699316

申请日：1996-08-19

申请人： David R. Cok ,  Barry Hendy ,  Michael A. Inchalik

发明人： David R. Cok ,  Barry Hendy ,  Michael A. Inchalik

IPC分类号： G06T5/00

CPC分类号： G06T11/60 ,  G06T2207/20012 ,  G06T2207/20104

摘要： A computer program product for creating a soft edge in digital images comprises a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon for performing the steps of independently receiving a transition width that indicates the width of the soft edge from a computer interface; independently receiving a desired position of a hard-edged boundary from the computer interface; receiving a function of the soft edge which uniquely corresponds a pixel value to a scaled pixel location in the digital image from the computer interface; and calculating an absolute profile of the soft edge, which uniquely corresponds a pixel value to a pixel location in the digital image, from the received transition width, position of the hard-edged boundary and function.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在数字图像中创建软边缘的计算机程序产品包括计算机可读存储介质，其具有存储在其上的计算机程序，用于执行以下步骤：从计算机接口独立地接收指示软边缘的宽度的过渡宽度; 独立地从计算机接口接收硬边界的期望位置; 从所述计算机接口接收与所述数字图像中的缩放像素位置唯一地对应于像素值的所述软边缘的功能; 并且从接收到的过渡宽度，硬边界和功能的位置计算软边缘的绝对轮廓，其将像素值唯一地对应于数字图像中的像素位置。

公开(公告)号：US5097335A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-17

申请号：US415832

申请日：1989-10-02

申请人： David R. Cok

发明人： David R. Cok

IPC分类号： H04N9/64 ,  H04N9/68 ,  H04N9/73

CPC分类号： H04N9/68

摘要： Colored shadows (and highlights) in a reproduced color image, caused by limited sensitivities in different channels of an image scanning device, such as a multicolor video camera, are effectively eliminated by controllably adjusting the signal intensity of the output signals of one of the channels in dependance upon whether or not the level of that signal is within a limited region of the camera's response characteristics. As long as the signal level of the channel of interest, (e.g. blue color band channel), lies within a non-limited portion of the sensitivity range of the camera for that channel, the intensity of that channel's output signals are left unchanged. However, in response to the level of the channel's output signals falling within a limited portion of the sensitivity range of the camera, the intensity of that channel's output signals is effectively corrected by substituting in their place the output signals of another camera channel (e.g. the green channel), the dynamic range of which extends beyond that of the limited channel. As a consequence, in the reproduced image, regions, such as shadows and highlights, having intensity levels in the vicinity of one of the extremes of the sensitivity range of the camera, will tend to be neutral and thereby provide a higher quality image.

摘要翻译： 通过可控地调节通道之一的输出信号的信号强度，有效地消除了由多色摄像机等图像扫描装置的不同通道中的有限敏感度引起的再现彩色图像中的彩色阴影（和高光） 这取决于该信号的电平是否在相机的响应特性的有限区域内。 只要感兴趣的信道（例如，蓝色频带信道）的信号电平位于该信道的相机的灵敏度范围的非限制部分内，该信道的输出信号的强度保持不变。 然而，响应于通道的输出信号的水平落在相机的灵敏度范围的有限部分内，该通道的输出信号的强度通过在其位置替换另一相机通道的输出信号（例如， 绿色通道），其动态范围超出有限通道的范围。 因此，在再现图像中，具有在照相机的灵敏度范围的极端之一附近的强度水平的诸如阴影和高光的区域将趋于中立，从而提供更高质量的图像。

公开(公告)号：US5022085A

公开(公告)日：1991-06-04

申请号：US529797

申请日：1990-05-29

申请人： David R. Cok

发明人： David R. Cok

IPC分类号： G09G5/36 ,  G06T3/00 ,  G06T5/20 ,  H04N1/387 ,  H04N5/265

CPC分类号： G06T5/20

摘要： An imagery data mechanism for controllably merging separate, digitally formatted and arbitrarily shaped images eliminates overlap-edge artifacts by gradually blending a paste image (40) along its border (44) with a base image (30), regardless of the shape of the paste image. The mechanism employs a `feathering` window (50) containing a plurality of neighboring pixel locations over which the pixel values of the paste image are controllably modified to achieve a tapered blending of the two images. Whether the data value for any pixel within the display is to be modified from a given database value will depend upon whether or not that pixel location is both within the paste image and a prescribed distance to the border (44) of the paste image. If the pixel location is not even part of the image, it is effectively masked, so that not only does no feathering take place, but neither the base image nor the paste image contributes to its data value.

摘要翻译： 用于可控地合并单独的，数字格式化和任意形状的图像的图像数据机制通过使粘贴图像（40）沿其边界（44）与基本图像（30）逐渐混合来消除重叠边缘伪影，而不管浆料的形状 图片。 该机构使用包含多个相邻像素位置的“羽化”窗口（50），通过该窗口，可以可控地修改粘贴图像的像素值，以实现两个图像的锥形混合。 显示器中任何像素的数据值是否要从给定的数据库值修改将取决于该像素位置是否都在粘贴图像内，并且与粘贴图像的边界（44）相距规定的距离。 如果像素位置不是图像的一部分，则它被有效地屏蔽，因此不仅不会发生羽化，而且基本图像和粘贴图像也不会对其数据值有贡献。

公开(公告)号：US5793886A

公开(公告)日：1998-08-11

申请号：US769973

申请日：1996-12-19

申请人： David R. Cok

发明人： David R. Cok

IPC分类号： G06T5/40 ,  H04N5/21 ,  G06K9/00

CPC分类号： G06T5/40 ,  G06T5/002 ,  H04N5/21 ,  G06T2207/10016

摘要： A method of interpolating a reference cumulative histogram for a source image located within an image sequence, the reference cumulative histogram to be used to adjust image pixel code values of the source image to remove unwanted variations in color or tone, e.g. "flicker", while preserving an intended variation, e.g. "fade to black" in the color or tone occurring during the course of the image sequence. The method employs conversion of cumulative histograms derived from reference image frames at opposite ends of the image sequence into inverse cumulative histograms and the weighted averaging of these inverse cumulative histogram values based on the time location of the source image frame in the sequence to derive an interpolated inverse cumulative histogram which is then converted into the reference cumulative histogram used for adjusting pixel code values, for example by histogram matching, to remove the undesired variation in color or tone without loss of the intentional variation in color or tone.

摘要翻译： 内插用于位于图像序列内的源图像的参考累积直方图的参考累积直方图，该参考累积直方图用于调整源图像的图像像素码值以去除颜色或色调的不期望的变化，例如， “闪烁”，同时保留预期的变化，例如。 在图像序列过程中发生的颜色或色调“淡入黑色”。 该方法使用从图像序列的相对端的参考图像帧导出的累积直方图的转换为基于序列中源图像帧的时间位置的逆累积直方图和这些逆累积直方图的加权平均，以得到内插 逆累积直方图，然后将其转换为用于调整像素代码值的参考累积直方图，例如通过直方图匹配，以消除颜色或色调上的不需要的变化，而不会损失颜色或色调的有意变化。

公开(公告)号：US5555194A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-10

申请号：US280700

申请日：1994-07-26

申请人： David R. Cok

发明人： David R. Cok

IPC分类号： G06T11/00 ,  G03C7/18

CPC分类号： G06T11/00

摘要： A pixel cloning technique allows for digital image retouching of a digital image. Initially, a cloned area and a surround area are determined. Using the image pixel values, the mean, slope, and quadratic coefficients in each color are computed for the cloned area and the surround area, and, if desired, for subregions of the surround. If subregions are used, it is determined which subregion of the surround deviates the least from the functional model. The values of the cloned pixels are adjusted so that their mean, slope, and quadratic term match the mean, slope, and quadratic term of the surround, or of the best fitting subregion of the surround.

摘要翻译： 像素克隆技术允许数字图像的数字图像修饰。 首先，确定克隆区域和环绕区域。 使用图像像素值，针对克隆区域和环绕区域计算每种颜色中的平均值，斜率和二次系数，并且如果需要，对于环绕的子区域计算。 如果使用子区域，则确定环绕的哪个子区域至少与功能模型偏离。 调整克隆像素的值，使得它们的平均值，斜率和二次项与环绕或环绕的最佳拟合子区域的平均值，斜率和二次项匹配。

公开(公告)号：US5398077A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-14

申请号：US885178

申请日：1992-05-19

申请人： David R. Cok ,  Heemin Kwon

发明人： David R. Cok ,  Heemin Kwon

IPC分类号： G09G5/00 ,  G09G5/02 ,  G09G5/10 ,  H04N1/60 ,  H04N9/69 ,  H04N5/57

CPC分类号： H04N1/6027 ,  H04N9/69

摘要： A luminance signal is formed from an original color signal and is used to determine a new luminance. The original color signal is then adjusted to have the new luminance in a way that does not change the hue or saturation of the original color. The method is embodied in an analog or a digital circuit and in the alternate may be may be emulated in a general purpose computer. The method permits a change in color signals which affect the overall brightness only in a non-linear way, while adding only a small amount of additional hardware or computation to implement the invention.

摘要翻译： 亮度信号由原始颜色信号形成，用于确定新的亮度。 然后将原始颜色信号调整为具有不改变原始颜色的色相或饱和度的方式的新亮度。 该方法体现在模拟或数字电路中，并且替代方案可以在通用计算机中被仿真。 该方法允许仅以非线性方式改变影响整体亮度的颜色信号，同时仅添加少量额外的硬件或计算来实现本发明。

公开(公告)号：US5276510A

公开(公告)日：1994-01-04

申请号：US746664

申请日：1991-08-19

申请人： David R. Cok ,  Henry Nicponski

发明人： David R. Cok ,  Henry Nicponski

IPC分类号： G03B27/80 ,  G06T5/00 ,  G06T11/00 ,  G06T11/80 ,  H04N1/46

CPC分类号： G06T11/001

摘要： An improved airbrush modeling routine is disclosed that can be implemented in a conventional electronic image reproduction system. The improved airbrush modeling routine incorporates an interpolation function with velocity smoothing to provide improved sampling of brush location during airbrushing operations by calculating the average velocity between sample intervals and determining average acceleration. In addition, randomness is introduced in the improved airbrush modeling routine to provide for a "textured" appearance in a retouched area of an original image.

摘要翻译： 公开了可以在常规电子图像再现系统中实现的改进的喷枪建模程序。 改进的喷枪建模程序包括具有速度平滑的内插函数，以通过计算采样间隔之间的平均速度并确定平均加速度来提供刷新操作期间刷位置的改进的采样。 此外，在改进的喷枪建模程序中引入随机性以在原始图像的润饰区域中提供“纹理”外观。

公开(公告)号：US4910611A

公开(公告)日：1990-03-20

申请号：US293792

申请日：1989-01-05

申请人： David R. Cok

发明人： David R. Cok

IPC分类号： G09G5/36 ,  G06T3/00 ,  G06T5/20 ,  G06T17/40 ,  H04N1/387 ,  H04N1/40

CPC分类号： G06T1/60 ,  G06T11/00 ,  H04N1/40

摘要： A method of performing interactive image processing of a digital image with a digital computer by:1. forming a sequential order operations file of each operation that is to be performed on a digital image;2. determining which pixels of the digital image must be computed (operated) upon in order to obtain a desired output image by processing through the operations log in a reverse sequential order;3. ordering the computation of the determined pixels in a way which minimizes the amount of computer memory needed by forming chunks of dependent pixels and by calling from memory only those chunks which are needed for the final result and by deleting used chunks when they are no longer needed; and4. processing through the operations file in sequential order.

公开(公告)号：US4630307A

公开(公告)日：1986-12-16

申请号：US649001

申请日：1984-09-10

申请人： David R. Cok

发明人： David R. Cok

IPC分类号： H04N9/07 ,  G06T3/40 ,  H04N9/04 ,  G06K9/46

CPC分类号： G06T3/4007 ,  H04N9/045

摘要： A signal processing method and apparatus for providing interpolated values between sampled values in a sampled image signal, is characterized by providing a plurality of different interpolation routines for producing interpolated signal values for appropriately completing a respective plurality of known features, detecting which of the geometrical image features is represented by a neighborhood of sample values and applying the interpolation routine appropriate for completing the detected feature, to produce the interpolated signal value. The signal processing method and apparatus has the advantage that reconstruction errors in the reproduced image are reduced. In one mode of the invention for processing images to be viewed by humans, reconstruction errors are forced to occur in areas of the image composed of natural textures where the errors are not readily visible to the human observer. The appearance of the reconstructed image is thereby improved.

摘要翻译： 用于在采样图像信号中的采样值之间提供内插值的信号处理方法和装置的特征在于提供多个不同的插值程序，用于产生用于适当完成相应的多个已知特征的内插信号值，检测几何图像中的哪一个 特征由样本值的邻域表示并应用适合于完成检测到的特征的插值程序，以产生内插信号值。 信号处理方法和装置具有减少再生图像中的重建误差的优点。 在用于处理要由人们观看的图像的本发明的一种模式中，重建误差被迫发生在由人造观察者不容易看到的自然纹理组成的图像的区域中。 从而改善了重建图像的外观。