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    Cholesteric liquid crystal mirror with safety features
    1.
    发明授权
    Cholesteric liquid crystal mirror with safety features 失效
    胆固醇液晶镜具有安全功能

    公开(公告)号：US4589735A

    公开(公告)日：1986-05-20

    申请号：US786352

    申请日：1985-10-11

    申请人： Frances C. Saunders

    发明人： Frances C. Saunders

    IPC分类号： B60R1/04 ,  B60R1/08 ,  G02B5/08 ,  G02F1/13 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/1337 ,  G02F1/137 ,  G09F9/00 ,  G02F1/133

    CPC分类号： B60R1/088

    摘要： The reflectance of a mirror is variable to provide a dipping car mirror. The mirror comprises a liquid crystal cell formed by two transparent slides coated on their inner surfaces with electrodes. The front electrode is transparent while the rear one is a reflector or a separate reflecting surface is provided. Between the slides is a layer 8 to 12 .mu.m thick of a cholesteric liquid crystal material. The slides are surface treated to give a high tilt homogeneous boundary condition, i.e. the liquid crystal molecules at the slide wall incline at a high (20.degree.-75.degree.) tilt to the surface. A control unit applies either a high voltage (10 volts at 1 kHz) or a low voltage (1 to 2 volts at 1 kHz). The high voltage results in the liquid crystal adopting a light transmissive state. In this state light reflects off the rear of the cell. The low voltage state is a scattering state for the liquid crystal material. In the scattering state light reflects off the front slide and is about 1/10 that reflected off the rear electrode. A photocell controls the switching of the cell. With zero voltage across the cell the liquid crystal material adopts a light transmitter state.

    摘要翻译： 反射镜的反射率是可变的，以提供浸渍车镜。 反射镜包括由两个透明的玻片在其内表面上涂覆有电极形成的液晶单元。 前电极是透明的，而后电极是反射器，或者提供单独的反射表面。 在幻灯片之间是8至12μm厚的胆甾型液晶材料。 滑块被表面处理以产生高倾斜均匀的边界条件，即滑动壁上的液晶分子在与表面的高（20°-75°）倾斜处倾斜。 控制单元施加高电压（10kHz，1kHz）或低电压（1〜2V，1kHz）。 高电压导致液晶采用透光状态。 在这种状态下，光从电池的后面反射。 低电压状态是液晶材料的散射状态。 在散射状态下，光从前面的幻灯片反射出来，约为后向电极反射的1/10。 光电管控制电池的切换。 在整个电池的零电压下，液晶材料采用发光器状态。

    Organic materials
    2.
    发明授权
    Organic materials 失效
    有机材料

    公开(公告)号：US4464282A

    公开(公告)日：1984-08-07

    申请号：US411095

    申请日：1982-08-24

    申请人： Kenneth J. Harrison ,  Edward P. Raynes ,  Frances C. Saunders ,  David J. Thompson

    发明人： Kenneth J. Harrison ,  Edward P. Raynes ,  Frances C. Saunders ,  David J. Thompson

    IPC分类号： C09B1/58 ,  G02F1/13 ,  C09K3/34

    CPC分类号： C09B1/58 ,  C09B1/585

    摘要： A material suitable for a guest-host liquid crystal device comprises a solution of a liquid crystal material and a pleochroic dye wherein the pleochroic dye comprises at least one anthraquinone compound free from water solubilizing and ionic substituents and having the formula: ##STR1## wherein P is OH or NH.sub.2 ; each group X.sup.A is independently selected from OH, NO.sub.2, SR and NZ.sub.1 Z.sub.2 provided that one group X.sup.A is SR and the other group X.sup.A is OH, NO.sub.2 or NZ.sub.1 Z.sub.2 is 1 or 2; each group Q.sub.1 is independently alkyl having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; each group R is independently selected from alkyl having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, aryl having up to 15 carbon atoms and cycloalkyl having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms.

    摘要翻译： 适用于客体主体液晶装置的材料包括液晶材料和多色染料的溶液，其中多色染料包含至少一种不含水溶解和离子取代基的蒽醌化合物，具有下式：其中P 是OH或NH 2; 只要一组XA为SR，另一组XA为OH，NO2或NZ1Z2为1或2，则各基团XA独立地选自OH，NO 2，SR和NZ 1 Z 2。 每个基团Q1独立地为具有1至20个碳原子的烷基; 每个基团R独立地选自具有1至20个碳原子的烷基，具有至多15个碳原子的芳基和具有4至8个碳原子的环烷基。

    Liquid crystal compositions with pleochroic anthraquinone dyes
    3.
    发明授权
    Liquid crystal compositions with pleochroic anthraquinone dyes 失效
    具有多色性蒽醌染料的液晶组合物

    公开(公告)号：US4405211A

    公开(公告)日：1983-09-20

    申请号：US287118

    申请日：1981-07-27

    申请人： Kenneth J. Harrison ,  Edward P. Raynes ,  Frances C. Saunders ,  David J. Thompson

    发明人： Kenneth J. Harrison ,  Edward P. Raynes ,  Frances C. Saunders ,  David J. Thompson

    IPC分类号： C09K19/00 ,  C09B1/58 ,  C09K19/06 ,  C09K19/60 ,  G02F1/13 ,  G02F1/137 ,  G02F1/139 ,  C09K3/34

    CPC分类号： C09B1/58 ,  C09K19/603

    摘要： A material suitable for a guest-host liquid crystal device comprises a solution of a liquid crystal material and a pleochroic dye wherein the pleochroic dye comprises at least one compound having a formula: ##STR1## wherein: R represents a group selected from optionally substituted alkyl and optionally substituted monocyclic aryl;Q represents a group selected from halo, OH, --NO.sub.2, alkyl, aryl and --NR.sub.1 R.sub.2, wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently represents a group selected from H, alkyl and aryl;x represents an integer from 1 to 4; andy represents an integer from 0 to 4;x+y being in the inclusive range 2 to 4;provided that when x+y=2, x=1 and y=1.

    摘要翻译： 适用于客体主体液晶装置的材料包括液晶材料和多色染料的溶液，其中双色染料包含至少一种具有下式的化合物：其中：R代表所选的基团 从任选取代的烷基和任选取代的单环芳基; Q表示选自卤素，OH，-NO 2，烷基，芳基和-NR 1 R 2的基团，其中R 1和R 2各自独立地表示选自H，烷基和芳基的基团; x表示1〜4的整数， y表示0〜4的整数。 x + y在2〜4的范围内; 条件是当x + y = 2时，x = 1和y = 1。

    Liquid crystal displays
    5.
    发明授权
    Liquid crystal displays 失效
    液晶显示器

    公开(公告)号：US4591849A

    公开(公告)日：1986-05-27

    申请号：US465546

    申请日：1983-02-10

    申请人： Anthony J. Hughes ,  Frances C. Saunders ,  Ian A. Shanks

    发明人： Anthony J. Hughes ,  Frances C. Saunders ,  Ian A. Shanks

    IPC分类号： G02F1/133 ,  G02F1/137 ,  G09G3/36

    CPC分类号： G02F1/13306 ,  G09G3/3629 ,  G02F1/13731 ,  G02F2001/13756 ,  G09G2300/0486

    摘要： A liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal cell formed by enclosing a thin layer of a cholesteric liquid crystal material between two slides. A set of electrode structures is formed on each slide so that voltages may be applied to the liquid crystal material causing an observable display effect. Voltages are supplied to the electrodes in sequence by driver electronics under the control of a logic unit which also controls a variable voltage source supplying voltages to the driver electronics. The logic unit controls the drive electronics to give an R.M.S. voltage V.sub.x at elements required to be at an OFF state and an R.M.S. voltage V.sub.c higher than V.sub.x at elements required to be in an ON state. The logic unit also controls the voltage source to reduce its voltage output to both OFF and ON elements simultaneously while maintaining the ratio of V.sub.x and V.sub.c for a period while information displayed is to be changed.

    摘要翻译： 液晶显示器包括通过在两个幻灯片之间包围胆甾型液晶材料的薄层而形成的液晶单元。 在每个载玻片上形成一组电极结构，从而可以对液晶材料施加电压，产生可观察到的显示效果。 在逻辑单元的控制下，驱动器电子装置依次向电极提供电压，该逻辑单元还控制向驱动器电子器件提供电压的可变电压源。 逻辑单元控制驱动电子器件给出R.M.S. 需要处于OFF状态的元件的电压Vx和R.M.S. 在要求处于ON状态的元件上，电压Vc高于Vx。 逻辑单元还控制电压源，同时将其电压输出降低到OFF和ON元件，同时在显示的信息要改变的同时保持Vx和Vc的比例。

    Method of addressing a ferroelectric liquid crystal display
    6.
    发明授权
    Method of addressing a ferroelectric liquid crystal display 失效
    寻址铁电液晶显示器的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5047757A

    公开(公告)日：1991-09-10

    申请号：US239994

    申请日：1988-09-02

    申请人： Matthew F. Bone ,  Ian Coulson ,  Johnathan R. Hughes ,  Peter W. Ross ,  Frances C. Saunders ,  Paul W. H. Surguy

    发明人： Matthew F. Bone ,  Ian Coulson ,  Johnathan R. Hughes ,  Peter W. Ross ,  Frances C. Saunders ,  Paul W. H. Surguy

    IPC分类号： G02F1/133 ,  G09G3/36

    CPC分类号： G09G3/3629 ,  G09G2310/06

    摘要： A method is disclosed for addressing a matrix-array type liquid crystal layer. The cell has a plurality of pixels which are defined by regions of overlap between two sets of electrodes which sandwich a liquid crystal layer, each pixel having two states. The response time for switching between the two states is dependent upon the voltage across the liquid crystal layer, with a minimum occurring at a particular voltage. The method includes applying a strobe waveform to a selected member of a first set of the electrodes while a data waveform is applied to each member of the second set of electrodes. A waveform for switching a pixel defined by the selected member comprises a switching pulse of a given voltage magnitude and given duration. A waveform for not switching a pixel defined by the selected member comprises a non-switching pulse of a voltage magnitude greater than the given voltage magnitude of the switching pulse and a duration less than the given duration of the switching pulse.

    Liquid crystal electro-optic modulator in a fabry-perot interferometer
    7.
    发明授权
    Liquid crystal electro-optic modulator in a fabry-perot interferometer 失效
    液晶电光调制器在fabry-perot干涉仪中

    公开(公告)号：US4779959A

    公开(公告)日：1988-10-25

    申请号：US93038

    申请日：1987-09-04

    申请人： Frances C. Saunders

    发明人： Frances C. Saunders

    IPC分类号： G02F1/139 ,  G02F1/141 ,  G02F1/21 ,  G02F1/13

    CPC分类号： G02F1/216 ,  G02F1/1393 ,  G02F1/1396 ,  G02F1/1397 ,  G02F1/141 ,  G02F2203/055

    摘要： An electro-optic modulator consists of a Fabry-Perot etalon containing intra-cavity liquid crystal material between mirror layers. Each mirror bears a respective rubbed polyimide layer, which provides homogeneous alignment of the liquid crystal molecules. The mirror layers are connected to a bias voltage source, which provide an electrical bias variable between two values both above the threshold for refractive index sensitivity to applied voltage. For nematic materials, this is the Freedricks threshold or transition. The bias variation provides optical modulation of the etalon transmission with a time constant which is much shorter than devices switching between voltages either side of the threshold.

    摘要翻译： 电光调制器由在镜面层之间包含腔内液晶材料的法布里 - 珀罗标准具组成。 每个镜子都有一个相应的摩擦聚酰亚胺层，这提供了液晶分子的均匀取向。 镜层连接到偏置电压源，该偏置电压源在两个值之间提供两个高于阈值的电偏压变量，用于折射率对施加电压的灵敏度。 对于向列材料，这是Freedricks阈值或转换。 偏置变化提供标准具传输的光学调制，其时间常数比在阈值两侧的电压之间切换的设备短得多。

    Liquid crystal compositions with pleochroic anthraquines dyes
    9.
    发明授权
    Liquid crystal compositions with pleochroic anthraquines dyes 失效
    具有多色性炭疽染料的液晶组合物

    公开(公告)号：US4496221A

    公开(公告)日：1985-01-29

    申请号：US352060

    申请日：1982-02-24

    申请人： Kenneth J. Harrison ,  Edward P. Raynes ,  Frances C. Saunders ,  David J. Thompson

    发明人： Kenneth J. Harrison ,  Edward P. Raynes ,  Frances C. Saunders ,  David J. Thompson

    IPC分类号： C09K19/12 ,  C09B1/58 ,  C09K19/60 ,  C09K3/34 ,  G02F1/13

    CPC分类号： C09K19/603 ,  C09B1/58

    摘要： A material suitable for a guest-host liquid crystal device comprises a soion of a liquid crystal material and a pleochroic dye where in the pleochroic dye comprises at least one anthrquinone compound free from water solubilizing and ionic substituents and having the formula: ##STR1## wherein Q is NH.sub.2, OH, alkyl, aryl, NO.sub.2 or halo;n is 0 to 4;each X independently is H, --SR, --NZ.sub.1 Z.sub.2 or Q;each R independently is alkyl, aryl or cycloalkyl;Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are independently H, alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl; provided that there are at least two groups X which are different --SR groups.

    摘要翻译： 适用于宾主液晶装置的材料包括液晶材料和多色染料的溶液，其中多色染料包含至少一种不含水溶性和离子取代基的蒽醌化合物，具有下式： 其中Q是NH 2，OH，烷基，芳基，NO 2或卤素; n为0〜4; 每个X独立地是H，-SR，-NZ1Z2或Q; 每个R独立地是烷基，芳基或环烷基; Z 1和Z 2独立地为H，烷基，环烷基或芳基; 条件是存在至少两个不同-SR基团的基团X。