公开(公告)号：US5804815A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-08

申请号：US675975

申请日：1996-07-05

申请人： Guillermo M. Loubriel ,  Albert G. Baca ,  Fred J. Zutavern

发明人： Guillermo M. Loubriel ,  Albert G. Baca ,  Fred J. Zutavern

IPC分类号： H01L31/08 ,  H01J40/14

CPC分类号： H01L31/08

摘要： A high gain, optically triggered, photoconductive semiconductor switch (PCSS) implemented in GaAs as a reverse-biased pin structure with a passivation layer above the intrinsic GaAs substrate in the gap between the two electrodes of the device. The reverse-biased configuration in combination with the addition of the passivation layer greatly reduces surface current leakage that has been a problem for prior PCSS devices and enables employment of the much less expensive and more reliable DC charging systems instead of the pulsed charging systems that needed to be used with prior PCSS devices.

摘要翻译： 在GaAs中实现的高增益光学触发光导半导体开关（PCSS）作为反向偏置引脚结构，在器件的两个电极之间的间隙中具有在本征GaAs衬底上方的钝化层。 反向偏置配置与钝化层的添加相结合大大降低了表面电流泄漏，这已经成为现有PCSS器件的一个问题，并且可以使用更便宜和更可靠的直流充电系统，而不是需要的脉冲充电系统 与先前的PCSS设备一起使用。

公开(公告)号：US06566636B1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-20

申请号：US10207424

申请日：2002-07-29

申请人： Anthony E. Bentley ,  John Bruce Kelley ,  Fred J. Zutavern

发明人： Anthony E. Bentley ,  John Bruce Kelley ,  Fred J. Zutavern

IPC分类号： H05B608

CPC分类号： H05B6/06 ,  G05D23/26

摘要： A method and system for providing real-time, closed-loop control of the induction hardening process. A miniature magnetic sensor located near the outer surface of the workpiece measures changes in the surface magnetic field caused by changes in the magnetic properties of the workpiece as it heats up during induction heating (or cools down during quenching). A passive miniature magnetic sensor detects a distinct magnetic spike that appears when the saturation field, Bsat, of the workpiece has been exceeded. This distinct magnetic spike disappears when the workpiece's surface temperature exceeds its Curie temperature, due to the sudden decrease in its magnetic permeability. Alternatively, an active magnetic sensor can measure changes in the resonance response of the monitor coil when the excitation coil is linearly swept over 0-10 MHz, due to changes in the magnetic permeability and electrical resistivity of the workpiece as its temperature increases (or decreases).

摘要翻译： 一种用于提供感应淬火过程的实时，闭环控制的方法和系统。 位于工件外表面附近的小型磁传感器测量在感应加热期间加热时（或淬火期间冷却）时工件的磁特性变化引起的表面磁场变化。 被动微型磁传感器检测到超过工件的饱和场Bsat时出现的不同磁尖。 由于其导磁率的突然下降，当工件的表面温度超过其居里温度时，这种不同的磁尖消失。 或者，主动磁传感器可以测量当励磁线圈线性扫过0-10MHz时由于工件的磁导率和电阻随其温度升高而变化（或减小）时监控线圈的谐振响应的变化 ）。

公开(公告)号：US06248992B1

公开(公告)日：2001-06-19

申请号：US09336340

申请日：1999-06-18

申请人： Albert G. Baca ,  Guillermo M. Loubriel ,  Alan Mar ,  Fred J Zutavern ,  Harold P. Hjalmarson ,  Andrew A. Allerman ,  Thomas E. Zipperian ,  Martin W. O'Malley ,  Wesley D. Helgeson ,  Gary J. Denison ,  Darwin J. Brown ,  Charles T. Sullivan ,  Hong Q. Hou

发明人： Albert G. Baca ,  Guillermo M. Loubriel ,  Alan Mar ,  Fred J Zutavern ,  Harold P. Hjalmarson ,  Andrew A. Allerman ,  Thomas E. Zipperian ,  Martin W. O'Malley ,  Wesley D. Helgeson ,  Gary J. Denison ,  Darwin J. Brown ,  Charles T. Sullivan ,  Hong Q. Hou

IPC分类号： H01J4014

CPC分类号： H01L31/09

摘要： A photoconductive semiconductor switch with tailored doping profile zones beneath and extending laterally from the electrical contacts to the device. The zones are of sufficient depth and lateral extent to isolate the contacts from damage caused by the high current filaments that are created in the device when it is turned on. The zones may be formed by etching depressions into the substrate, then conducting epitaxial regrowth in the depressions with material of the desired doping profile. They may be formed by surface epitaxy. They may also be formed by deep diffusion processes. The zones act to reduce the energy density at the contacts by suppressing collective impact ionization and formation of filaments near the contact and by reducing current intensity at the contact through enhanced current spreading within the zones.

摘要翻译： 光电导半导体开关，其具有定制的掺杂分布区域，并且从电触点横向延伸到器件。 这些区域具有足够的深度和横向范围，以将接触件隔离开，因为在开启设备时产生的高电流丝线所引起的损坏。 可以通过将凹陷蚀刻到衬底中，然后在具有所需掺杂分布的材料的凹陷中进行外延再生长来形成区域。 它们可以通过表面外延形成。 它们也可以由深扩散过程形成。 这些区域通过抑制接触点附近的集体冲击电离和细丝形成以及通过在区域内增强的电流扩散来减少接触处的电流强度来降低触点处的能量密度。

公开(公告)号：US07173295B1

公开(公告)日：2007-02-06

申请号：US10463058

申请日：2003-06-16

申请人： Alan Mar ,  Fred J. Zutavern ,  Guillermo Loubriel

发明人： Alan Mar ,  Fred J. Zutavern ,  Guillermo Loubriel

IPC分类号： H01L27/148

CPC分类号： H01L31/125 ,  H01L31/0232

摘要： An improved photoconductive semiconductor switch comprises multiple-line optical triggering of multiple, high-current parallel filaments between the switch electrodes. The switch can also have a multi-gap, interdigitated electrode for the generation of additional parallel filaments. Multi-line triggering can increase the switch lifetime at high currents by increasing the number of current filaments and reducing the current density at the contact electrodes in a controlled manner. Furthermore, the improved switch can mitigate the degradation of switching conditions with increased number of firings of the switch.

摘要翻译： 改进的光导半导体开关包括在开关电极之间的多条高电流并联灯丝的多线光触发。 该开关还可以具有用于产生附加平行长丝的多间隙交叉电极。 多线触发可以通过增加当前灯丝的数量并以受控的方式降低接触电极处的电流密度来增加高电流下的开关寿命。 此外，改进的开关可以通过增加开关次数来减轻开关条件的劣化。

公开(公告)号：US06628404B1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-30

申请号：US09718293

申请日：2000-11-21

申请人： John Bruce Kelley ,  Wei-Yang Lu ,  Fred J. Zutavern

发明人： John Bruce Kelley ,  Wei-Yang Lu ,  Fred J. Zutavern

IPC分类号： G01B902

CPC分类号： H05B6/06

摘要： Disclosed is a system and method for providing closed-loop control of the heating of a workpiece by an induction heating machine, including generating an acoustic wave in the workpiece with a pulsed laser; optically measuring displacements of the surface of the workpiece in response to the acoustic wave; calculating a sub-surface material property by analyzing the measured surface displacements; creating an error signal by comparing an attribute of the calculated sub-surface material properties with a desired attribute; and reducing the error signal below an acceptable limit by adjusting, in real-time, as often as necessary, the operation of the inductive heating machine.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于通过感应加热机提供工件加热的闭环控制的系统和方法，包括用脉冲激光在工件中产生声波; 光学测量工件表面响应声波的位移; 通过分析测量的表面位移来计算次表面材料性质; 通过将所计算的子表面材料属性的属性与期望的属性进行比较来产生误差信号; 并且通过根据需要实时调整感应加热机的操作，将误差信号降低到可接受的极限以下。

公开(公告)号：US06504859B1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-07

申请号：US09489243

申请日：2000-01-21

申请人： Fred J. Zutavern ,  Guillermo M. Loubriel ,  Malcolm T. Buttram ,  Alan Mar ,  Wesley D. Helgeson ,  Martin W. O'Malley ,  Harold P. Hjalmarson ,  Albert G. Baca ,  Weng W. Chow ,  G. Allen Vawter

发明人： Fred J. Zutavern ,  Guillermo M. Loubriel ,  Malcolm T. Buttram ,  Alan Mar ,  Wesley D. Helgeson ,  Martin W. O'Malley ,  Harold P. Hjalmarson ,  Albert G. Baca ,  Weng W. Chow ,  G. Allen Vawter

IPC分类号： H01S500

CPC分类号： H01S5/04 ,  H01S5/0425 ,  H01S5/3013

摘要： The present invention provides a new type of semiconductor light source that can produce a high peak power output and is not injection, e-beam, or optically pumped. The present invention is capable of producing high quality coherent or incoherent optical emission. The present invention is based on current filaments, unlike conventional semiconductor lasers that are based on p-n junctions. The present invention provides a light source formed by an electron-hole plasma inside a current filament. The electron-hole plasma can be several hundred microns in diameter and several centimeters long. A current filament can be initiated optically or with an e-beam, but can be pumped electrically across a large insulating region. A current filament can be produced in high gain photoconductive semiconductor switches. The light source provided by the present invention has a potentially large volume and therefore a potentially large energy per pulse or peak power available from a single (coherent) semiconductor laser. Like other semiconductor lasers, these light sources will emit radiation at the wavelength near the bandgap energy (for GaAs 875 nm or near infra red). Immediate potential applications of the present invention include high energy, short pulse, compact, low cost lasers and other incoherent light sources.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种能够产生高峰值功率输出而不是注入，电子束或光泵浦的新型半导体光源。 本发明能够产生高质量的相干或非相干光发射。 不同于基于p-n结的常规半导体激光器，本发明基于当前的灯丝。 本发明提供一种由当前灯丝内的电子 - 空穴等离子体形成的光源。 电子空穴等离子体可以是几百微米的直径和几厘米长。 目前的灯丝可以光学地或与电子束一起启动，但是可以在大的绝缘区域上被电泵浦。 可以在高增益光导半导体开关中产生当前的灯丝。 由本发明提供的光源具有潜在的大体积，因此具有从单个（相干）半导体激光器可获得的每脉冲潜在的大能量或峰值功率。 像其他半导体激光器一样，这些光源将发射在带隙能量附近的波长（对于GaAs 875nm或近红外线）。 本发明的即时潜在应用包括高能量，短脉冲，紧凑，低成本的激光器和其它非相干光源。

公开(公告)号：US06455825B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-24

申请号：US09718289

申请日：2000-11-21

申请人： Anthony E. Bentley ,  John Bruce Kelley ,  Fred J. Zutavern

发明人： Anthony E. Bentley ,  John Bruce Kelley ,  Fred J. Zutavern

IPC分类号： H05B608

CPC分类号： H05B6/06 ,  G05D23/26

摘要： A method of monitoring the process of induction heating a workpiece. A miniature magnetic sensor located near the outer surface of the workpiece measures changes in the surface magnetic field caused by changes in the magnetic properties of the workpiece as it heats up during induction heating (or cools down during quenching). A passive miniature magnetic sensor detects a distinct magnetic spike that appears when the saturation field, Bsat, of the workpiece has been exceeded. This distinct magnetic spike disappears when the workpiece's surface temperature exceeds its Curie temperature, due to the sudden decrease in its magnetic permeability. Alternatively, an active magnetic sensor can also be used to measure changes in the resonance response of the monitor coil when the excitation coil is linearly swept over 0-10 MHz, due to changes in the magnetic permeability and electrical resistivity of the workpiece as its temperature increases (or decreases).

摘要翻译： 一种监测感应加热工件过程的方法。 位于工件外表面附近的小型磁传感器测量在感应加热期间加热时（或淬火期间冷却）时工件的磁特性变化引起的表面磁场变化。 被动微型磁传感器检测到超过工件的饱和场Bsat时出现的不同磁尖。 由于其导磁率的突然下降，当工件的表面温度超过其居里温度时，这种不同的磁尖消失。 或者，主动磁传感器也可用于测量当激励线圈线性扫描超过0-10MHz时监测线圈的谐振响应的变化，这是由于工件的导磁率和电阻率随其温度的变化 增加（或减少）。