摘要:
A transmission stage in polar loop technology includes an amplitude regulation means, a phase regulation means, a VCO and a feedback path. In the feedback path a variable amplifier is provided. The amplitude regulation means is further implemented in order to be controlled by a control means according to a request for a power variation in the output signal of the amplifier in order to correspondingly vary an amplitude control signal for the power amplifier. Simultaneously, the control means is implemented in order to correspondingly control the variable feedback path amplifier, so that the amplitude of the output signal of the variable feedback path amplifier remains in a narrowly limited predetermined range. Thus, power variations in the output signal of the amplifier operated in the non-linear area are held remote from the phase locked loop, so that the phase regulation means may be implemented at low cost and operates reliably anyway.
摘要:
A transmitter stage working according to the envelope restoration principle includes means for providing an amplitude representation and a phase representation of an amplitude and phase-modulated signal to be transmitted, as well as a phase-locked loop with a feed-forward branch and a feedback branch, as well as amplification control means formed to convert the amplitude representation to an amplification control signal, which may be fed into the amplification control input of a nonlinear power amplifier. In the feed-forward branch, a digital/analog converter is arranged. Furthermore, in the feedback branch, an analog/digital converter is arranged, so that the phase detector of the phase-locked loop is implemented in digital form. By an as large as possible proportion of digital signal processing, an inexpensively implementable and exactly working transmitter stage is obtained.
摘要:
Multibeam field emission x-ray systems and related methods can include cathode elements, an anode assembly spaced from the plurality of cathode elements, and an extraction gate positioned between the plurality of cathode elements and the anode assembly. A potential difference can be applied between the extraction gate and at least one of the cathode elements to cause an emission of electrons from the respective cathode elements. Emission characteristics of the cathode elements can be measured, and the potential difference between the extraction gate and at least one of the cathode elements can be adjusted based on the emission characteristics measured.
摘要:
An electron source includes a plurality of electron emission cathodes and at least one control electrode. A gate current regulator is provided for regulation of current flowing through the at least one control electrode.
摘要:
Multibeam field emission x-ray systems and related methods can include cathode elements, an anode assembly spaced from the plurality of cathode elements, and an extraction gate positioned between the plurality of cathode elements and the anode assembly. A potential difference can be applied between the extraction gate and at least one of the cathode elements to cause an emission of electrons from the respective cathode elements. Emission characteristics of the cathode elements can be measured, and the potential difference between the extraction gate and at least one of the cathode elements can be adjusted based on the emission characteristics measured.
摘要:
An electron source includes a plurality of electron emission cathodes and at least one control electrode. A gate current regulator is provided for regulation of current flowing through the at least one control electrode.
摘要:
A transmission stage in polar loop technology includes an amplitude regulation means, a phase regulation means, a VCO and a feedback path. In the feedback path a variable amplifier is provided. The amplitude regulation means is further implemented in order to be controlled by a control means according to a request for a power variation in the output signal of the amplifier in order to correspondingly vary an amplitude control signal for the power amplifier. Simultaneously, the control means is implemented in order to correspondingly control the variable feedback path amplifier, so that the amplitude of the output signal of the variable feedback path amplifier remains in a narrowly limited predetermined range. Thus, power variations in the output signal of the amplifier operated in the non-linear area are held remote from the phase locked loop, so that the phase regulation means may be implemented at low cost and operates reliably anyway.