摘要:
An apparatus for generating a random number has high entropy. The apparatus includes a plurality of random number generators, each of which generates a metastability signal and generates a random number by using the generated metastability signal in a first mode, and in a second mode, the plurality of random number generators are connected to one another to operate as a ring oscillator.
摘要:
Apparatus for testing a random number generator includes a random number generating unit that generates and outputs random numbers, and a switching unit that receives the random numbers from the random number generating unit and selectively transmits the random numbers in response to a switching control signal. A test unit performs a basic test on the random numbers to determine whether the transmitted random numbers are within a statistical range, controls the generation of random numbers according to a result of the basic test, and outputs the switching control signal based on whether a test suite is finished. Methods include performing a basic test on generated random numbers to determine whether the random numbers are within a statistical range, controlling the generation of random numbers in response to a result of the basic test and whether the basic test is finished, determining upon completion of the basic test if a test suite is finished, and if the test suite is finished, outputting the random numbers as final random numbers.
摘要:
A method of countering side-channel attacks on an elliptic curve cryptosystem (ECC) is provided. The method comprises extending a definition field of an elliptic curve of the ECC to an extension ring in a first field; generating a temporary ciphertext in the extension ring and countering attacks on the ECC; and generating a final ciphertext for the first field if a fault injection attack on the ECC is not detected. The countering of attacks on the ECC may comprise countering a power attack on the ECC. Checking if there is a fault injection attack on the ECC may be performed by determining if the temporary ciphertext satisfies a second elliptic curve equation. The fault detection algorithms takes place in a small subring of the extension ring, not in the original field, to minimize the computational overhead. The method can improve the stability of the ECC and reduce computational overhead of the ECC.
摘要:
A method and system for encrypting input data may include receiving an input point and a randomness rate and generating a random selection value and a random position value from the randomness rate. At least one of the input point and points encrypted by performing elliptic curve (EC) operation over a plurality of rounds may be randomly selected based on the randomness rate and the random position value. The selected point may be converted to a point representation directed by the random selection value. A finally encrypted output point may be generated by performing the EC operation over a plurality of rounds based on the input point and a secret key.
摘要:
Provided are example embodiments of a cryptographic method and apparatus thereof. The cryptographic method and apparatus may be implemented in Weierstrass and Hessian forms, and for the point representations, Affine, Ordinary Projective, Jacobian Projective, and Lopez-Dahab Projective. The cryptographic method and apparatus may prevent confidential information from leakage by checking faults in a basic point due to certain attacks, faults in definition fields, and faults in elliptic curve (EC parameters before outputting final cryptographic results.
摘要:
An apparatus for generating a random number has high entropy. The apparatus includes a plurality of random number generators, each of which generates a metastability signal and generates a random number by using the generated metastability signal in a first mode, and in a second mode, the plurality of random number generators are connected to one another to operate as a ring oscillator.
摘要:
A random number generating apparatus and method for generating a metastable state signal by using logic gates include a metastable state generating unit generating and outputting a metastable state signal; an amplifying unit receiving the metastable state signal from the metastable state generating unit, amplifying the received metastable state signal, and outputting the amplified metastable state signal; and a sampling unit receiving the amplified metastable state signal and a sampling clock, and sampling and outputting the amplified metastable state signal according to the sampling clock.
摘要:
An apparatus for performing a fault detection operation and methods thereof are provided. The example apparatus may include a first-coordinate computing unit receiving a first point and a second point in a binary finite field, the first and second points established based on a basic point within a given elliptic curve, each of the first and second points including a first coordinate value and a second coordinate value, the first-coordinate computing unit performing a first addition operation on the first point and the second point to compute a third coordinate value and a second-coordinate computing unit performing a second addition operation on the first and second points to compute a fourth coordinate value, the first and second addition operations computed based on at least one of a difference between the first coordinate values of the first and second points and a difference between the second coordinate values of the first and second points.
摘要:
A cryptographic system and method for encrypting input data, in which an example system includes a table calculator configured to calculate table values composed of one of scalar multiplication values by Elliptic Curve (EC) operation, or exponentiation values by modular exponentiation operation, based on input data and the number of a portion of bits of each of secret keys. The table calculator may output one of scalar multiplication values or exponentiation values corresponding to a window that includes given bits of each of the secret keys from among the calculated table values. A logic circuit may be configured to output encrypted data by accumulating the output scalar multiplication values or by performing involution on the output exponentiation values.
摘要:
Provided is a random number generator including: a clock generator outputting first and second control signals; a ring oscillator (RO) block receiving a meta stable voltage and performing an oscillation operation using the meta stable voltage in response to the first control signal; and a sampling unit sampling an output signal according to the oscillation operation in response to the second control signal.