摘要:
A solar energy module includes one or more solar cells, each having a front side for receiving light and an opposite back side. An encapsulant material covers at least the front side of each of the solar cells. The solar energy module also includes a backskin layer formed from a cross-linked mixture of high density polyethylene (HDPE) and acid copolymer bonded to the back side of each of the solar cells.
摘要:
Methods and systems are provided for air conditioning, capturing combustion contaminants, desalination, and other processes using liquid desiccants.
摘要:
Methods and systems are provided for air conditioning, capturing combustion contaminants, desalination, and other processes using liquid desiccants.
摘要:
Apparatus for forming shallow p-n junctions in silicon substrates to produce photovoltaic cells, which apparatus provides three processing chambers. An ultrasonic spray is mounted in the first processing chamber to coat a front surface of the substrate with a liquid dopant-containing material. The second processing chamber dries the coated substrates leaving a dopant-containing residue on the front surface. The third processing chamber fires the substrates in an oxygen-containing environment to diffuse the dopant into the substrate and provide a p-n junction. The apparatus conducts humidified air to each chamber to control polymerization of the dopant source and to prevent non-humidified air from entering the chambers.
摘要:
An improved photovoltaic cell and a method for making such cells is provided. In a generic sense, the preferred method comprises the step of (1) applying a coating of an aluminum metal paste onto the rear surface of the substrate in a suitable rear contact pattern, (2) applying a layer of a glass frit paste so as to envelop the rear contact, and (3) firing those pastes so as to form a rear contact protected by a glass overcoating. A front contact also is formed by applying a silver metal/glass frit paste onto the anti-reflection coating in a related front contact pattern. The front and rear contacts may be fired simultaneously or in two different steps. However, a single firing method is preferred because thicker aluminum contacts are possible.In a preferred embodiment, the cell provided by the invention includes (1) a silicon substrate having a shallow p-n junction adjacent its front surface, (2) a plurality of silver soldering pads bonded to the rear surface of the substrate, (3) an aluminum contact on the rear surface of the substrate having openings that expose at least portions of said silver pads, (4) a silver contact surrounded by an anti-reflection coating on the front surface of the substrate, and (5) a glass layer overlying the aluminum contact so as to protect it against oxidation and corrosion. The glass layer has windows exposing portions of the soldering pads for solder attachment of connecting wire ribbons.
摘要:
A solar cell fabrication procedure is described in which a trench is cut in the substrate so as to electrically isolate front and back regions of a flat solar cell. The trench is preferably cut around the perimeter of the rear side of the cell. The trench is preferably formed by an excimer laser which may be used to ablate a trench without diffusing conductive material deeper into the cell.
摘要:
Methods and systems are provided for air conditioning, capturing combustion contaminants, desalination, and other processes using liquid desiccants.
摘要:
Methods and systems are provided for air conditioning, capturing combustion contaminants, desalination, and other processes using liquid desiccants.
摘要:
Methods and systems are provided for air conditioning, capturing combustion contaminants, desalination, and other processes using liquid desiccants.
摘要:
A solar energy module includes one or more solar cells, each having a front side for receiving light and an opposite back side. An encapsulant material covers at least the front side of each of the solar cells. The solar energy module also includes a backskin layer formed from a cross-linked mixture of high density polyethylene (HDPE) and acid copolymer bonded to the back side of each of the solar cells.