摘要:
The present invention is directed to systems and methods for initiating annular obstructions in wells used in, or in support of, enhanced oil recovery operations—particularly enhanced oil recovery (EOR) efforts involving steam injection (e.g., steam flooding). In at least some instances, system and method embodiments of the present invention utilize one or more passively-activated annular obstruction devices (and/or hybrid active/passive devices) for inducing annular obstruction, wherein the associated passive or hybrid activation is at least partially controlled by thermal means such that it can be deemed to be thermally-directed or thermally-controlled. Such thermally-directed passive activation can afford considerably more control over the annular obstruction process and, correspondingly, over the overall steam injection into the formation and associated reservoir—thereby providing more efficient recovery of hydrocarbons.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to systems and methods for initiating annular obstructions in wells used in, or in support of, enhanced oil recovery operations—particularly enhanced oil recovery (EOR) efforts involving steam injection (e.g., steam flooding). In at least some instances, system and method embodiments of the present invention utilize one or more passively-activated annular obstruction devices (and/or hybrid active/passive devices) for inducing annular obstruction, wherein the associated passive or hybrid activation is at least partially controlled by thermal means such that it can be deemed to be thermally-directed or thermally-controlled. Such thermally-directed passive activation can afford considerably more control over the annular obstruction process and, correspondingly, over the overall steam injection into the formation and associated reservoir—thereby providing more efficient recovery of hydrocarbons.
摘要:
Methods and apparatus for enhanced and improved viscous oil recovery are disclosed. A horizontal well is drilled through the viscous oil formation. A specially designed tubing string includes outlets that deliver steam more uniformly into the entire horizontal extent of the well borehole. Heat from the steam mobilizes and lowers the viscosity of the heavy crude wherein the crude is then produced to the surface via conventional lift arrangements.
摘要:
Methods and apparatus for enhanced and improved viscous oil recovery are disclosed. A horizontal well is drilled through the viscous oil formation. A specially designed tubing string includes outlets that deliver steam more uniformly into the entire horizontal extent of the well borehole. Heat from the steam mobilizes and lowers the viscosity of the heavy crude wherein the crude is then produced to the surface via conventional lift arrangements.
摘要:
A well logging system which monitors the flow rate of a fluid flowing in a borehole traversing an earth formation includes a sonde. A transmitter located in the sonde transmits acoustical waves into the fluid at a predetermined frequency. A receiver also located in the sonde receives reflected acoustical waves. The receiver also provides a signal corresponding to the received reflected acoustical waves. The provided signal is processed for being sent uphole by way of a cable. Electronics at the surface include circuitry which derives the velocity of the fluid in accordance with the frequency of the processed signal and the predetermined frequency. The circuitry provides an output signal corresponding to the derived velocity of the fluid flowing the borehole.
摘要:
A system of the present invention monitors the quality of steam flowing in a pipeline includes a test cell which is connected inline into the pipeline and has the steam flowing through it. A plurality of electrodes are located within the test cell and cooperate with the test cell to provide capacitance signals corresponding to capacitances of the steam passing between the electrodes and the test cell. The electrodes have different spacings between them and an interior wall of the test cell. A sensor senses the temperature of the steam flowing through the test cell and provides a temperature signal corresponding to the sensed temperature. Another sensor senses the pressure of the steam and provides a pressure signal corresponding to the sensed pressure. Circuitry connected to the test cell, to all the electrodes, to the temperature sensor and to the pressure sensor measures the quality of the steam in accordance with the temperature signal, the pressure signal and one of the capacitance signals.
摘要:
The present invention is an apparatus and method which monitors the quality of steam flowing in a pipe. A steam sensor located in the pipe provides a steam signal which is frequency related to the quality of the steam flowing in the pipe. A network connected to the sensor provides a high frequency signal and a low frequency signal in accordance with the steam signal. The steam quality is the in accordance with the high frequency signal and the low frequency signal.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to systems and methods for initiating annular obstructions in wells used in, or in support of, enhanced oil recovery operations—particularly enhanced oil recovery (EOR) efforts involving steam injection (e.g., steam flooding). In at least some instances, system and method embodiments of the present invention utilize one or more passively-activated annular obstruction devices (and/or hybrid active/passive devices) for inducing annular obstruction, wherein the associated passive or hybrid activation is at least partially controlled by thermal means such that it can be deemed to be thermally-directed or thermally-controlled. Such thermally-directed passive activation can afford considerably more control over the annular obstruction process and, correspondingly, over the overall steam injection into the formation and associated reservoir—thereby providing more efficient recovery of hydrocarbons.
摘要:
The present invention generally provides a method and apparatus for injecting a compressible fluid at a controlled flow rate into a geological formation at multiple zones of interest. In one aspect, the invention provides a tubing string with a pocket and a nozzle at each isolated zone. The nozzle permits a predetermined, controlled flow rate to be maintained at higher annulus to tubing pressure ratios. In another aspect, the present invention assures that the fluid is supplied uniformly to a long horizontal wellbore by providing controlled injection at multiple locations that are distributed throughout the length of the wellbore. In another aspect, the invention ensures that saturated steam is injected into a formation in a predetermined proportion of water and vapor by providing a plurality of apertures between a tubing wall and a pocket.
摘要:
A sonde in a well logging system of the present invention includes caliper means providing a diameter signal corresponding to the diameter of a borehole traversing an earth formation. First and second transducers which, when so controlled, transmit an ultrasonic acoustical pulse into fluid flowing in the borehole or provides an electrical pulse in accordance with a received acoustical pulse from the fluid. A control network controls both transducers so that during one part of a measurement the first transducer transmits an acoustical pulse into the fluid while the second transducer receives an acoustical pulse after it has passed through the fluid. During another part of the measurement the second transducer is controlled to transmit an acoustical pulse into the fluid while the first transducer is controlled to receive the acoustical pulse after it has passed through the fluid and provides a signal in accordance with the received acoustical pulse. A signal circuit connected to both transducers provides a travel time signal corresponding to the travel times of the acoustical pulses for both parts of the measurement. A conventional well logging cable carries control signals from the surface to the control network and the travel time signal and the diameter signal to surface electronics. The surface electronics includes processing apparatus which provides the control signal to the cable and which derives the flow rate of the fluid flowing in the borehole in accordance with the travel time signal and the diameter signal.