Abstract:
Invention is an adaptive freeze, snow or ice protection system and method of operation that comprises an integrated expert system control module, a sensing means, a heating means, a control system means, an interconnection means and an energy supply system means where the protection system is supplied with an external energy source. The integrated expert system control module has a learning algorithm that performs adaptive analysis using input from conventional and unique sensors as the sensing means, other available inputs and other available data to monitor all of the systems of the protection system and provides commands to control all the systems of the protection system that manage the possible effects of predetermined environmental conditions on facilities or equipment.
Abstract:
An elongate heater (1) in which a resistive heating element core is surrounded by a first insulating jacket (9) and a second insulating jacket (11). In a preferred embodiment the resistive heating element core comprises a conductive polymer composition (3) and the heater passes the VW-1 flame test. The second insulating jacket (11) may be made from the same material as the first insulating jacket (9). For some applications it is preferred that the second insulating jacket be a thin film, e.g. polyester film.
Abstract:
A photoconductive member is provided with increased sensitivity to radiation incident thereupon and with increased photo-yield in response thereto by means of a multi-layered, sandwich-type construction based upon the provision of successive layers of sensitizing material over corresponding successive layers of conducting material. The photoconductive member comprises at least two composite layers formed one above the other on an insulating substrate, each composite layer comprising a first layer of material capable of conducting charge and a second layer of material comprising polar molecules disposed upon the charge-conducting material layer in such a manner that successive layers of polar molecules are adsorbed and retained in an oriented fashion on successive layers of the charge-conducting material. In combination, the alternating layers of charge-conducting material and polar molecules increase photo-yield in response to a given quantum of incident radiation and also increase the range of wavelength of incident radiation to which the photoconductive member is responsive. The sandwich-type construction permits photoconductor sensitivity to be increased as a function of the number of layers of conducting material and polar molecules used to form the photoconductive surface. The multi-layered construction also exhibits reduced sensitivity to the degrading effects of impurities, is adapted to convenient fabrication, and exhibits extended lifetime.
Abstract:
Electrodes for electrochemical processes, especially anodes for the cathodic protection of metal substrates, e.g. reinforcing bars in concrete, comprise a conductive core which acts as a current-distributing member, an outer member which provides an electrochemically active outer surface, and an intermediate member composed of a material which is of higher resistivity, and/or which is less electrochemically active, than the material of the outer member. The higher the resistivity of the intermediate member, the more regular the current distribution along the length of the electrode. When the intermediate member is less electrochemically active, this protects the core from corrosion if the outer member is damaged by physical means or through electrochemical erosion. Preferably at least one of the intermediate member and the outer member is composed of a conductive polymer, especially one comprising carbon black or graphite as conductive filler.
Abstract:
An apparatus, for carrying a hemodynamic pressure transducer in a hospital bed so that the transducer is maintained in a constant relationship with the level of the heart of a patient in said bed, is taught, which comprises a first, vertical member for mounting said apparatus on said hospital bed, where said first vertical member is adapted to fit into a bracket provided on a hospital bed, and is further adapted to hold an intravenous feeding pole, so that said apparatus may hold an intravenous feeding pole as well as said hemodynamic pressure transducer; hinge means attached to and projecting horizontally from said first vertical member; a second member engaging said hinge means and disposed to project in a direction perpendicular to the axis of said first member; and a third, vertical member to which said transducer is adjustably but securely affixed. The bracket may be an intravenous feeding pole bracket provided on said bed. The first member may be mounted on a portion of said bed which is so selected that the relationship between the height of the transducer and the height of the patient's heart remains constant when the level of the bed is raised or lowered.
Abstract:
The disclosed invention has to do with the handling of a wall marking chalk line such as is commonly used by sign painters and similarly employed workmen and pertains, more particularly, to novel means which is detachably and adjustably bracketed on a stile of one ladder of a pair of spaced companion ladders and which features headed means adjacent the wall surface to which one end of a chalk line is attached. The invention enables one man, working alone, to ascend the ladder adjacent the free end of the chalk line and to snap a guide line on the building wall. A pair of cooperating brackets provide the novel adapter means. This means is detachably mounted on one stile of the ladder. One of the brackets serves to support the median portion of a shiftable rod. The forward end of one embodiment of the rod is provided with a spring-loaded head to which one end of the chalk line is tied and thus anchored. In a second embodiment the headed end of the rod is stationary and bears against the wall surface to function as the ladder stand-off, that is, to clear the ladder from projecting neon signs and the like on the wall.