公开(公告)号：US08922194B2

公开(公告)日：2014-12-30

申请号：US13395282

申请日：2010-09-10

Applicant: James N. Blake ,  Carl Glasow

Inventor： James N. Blake ,  Carl Glasow

IPC: G01R31/00 ,  G01R33/032

CPC classification number: G01R33/032

Abstract: A master-slave current sensor system for measuring, for example, differential current on a transmission line is described. The slave current sensor can be periodically recalibrated (or have a compensation value re-calculated) based on the master sensor's average output, and the slave sensor can be unpowered and remote from an electronics box which receives its measurements. Health monitoring and fault location can also be performed using the master-slave optical current sensor system, optionally in conjunction with one or more voltage sensors.

Abstract translation: 描述用于测量例如传输线上的差分电流的主从电流传感器系统。 可以根据主传感器的平均输出，对从电流传感器进行周期性的重新校准（或重新计算补偿值），而从属传感器则可以从接收其测量的电子设备盒中取消供电和远距离。 健康监测和故障定位也可以使用主从光电流传感器系统进行，可选地与一个或多个电压传感器结合使用。

公开(公告)号：US07233746B2

公开(公告)日：2007-06-19

申请号：US10354798

申请日：2003-01-29

Applicant: James N. Blake ,  James D. Hrabliuk ,  Farnoosh Rahmatian

Inventor： James N. Blake ,  James D. Hrabliuk ,  Farnoosh Rahmatian

IPC: H04J10/06

CPC classification number: G01R15/24 ,  G01R21/133

Abstract: A sensor provides an analog sensor output signal that is first converted by a A/D converter, followed by a digital signal processor having a digital signal output that is converted to an analog signal by way of a D/A converter so as to provide an analog information output signal indicative of a parameter quantity intended to be sensed. An analog dither signal and/or a digital dither signal is provided for modulating the A/D converter input signal and/or D/A converter input signal, respectively, separately, or in combination, to enhance dynamic range accuracy of the resultant analog information output signal representative of the quantity of the parameter intended to be sensed.

公开(公告)号：US06285182B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-04

申请号：US09207371

申请日：1998-12-08

Applicant: James N. Blake ,  Charles H. Lange

Inventor： James N. Blake ,  Charles H. Lange

IPC: G01R3100

CPC classification number: G01R15/24

Abstract: A true dV/dt voltage sensor having no need for a ground reference for measurement. The sensor is connected at two places on the electric line to be measured. The voltage wave has a delay between the two places on the line and the difference is sensed and converted into a voltage measurement. Another approach is to connect the sensor at one place on the electric line. This approach has the second connection through a phase delay circuit that has an input connected to the same place. The delay between the one connection and the output of the phase delay circuit is sensed and converted into a voltage measurement. The sensed difference is a voltage, which is applied across a device, such as an electro-optic crystal, an integrated optic circuit (IOC) or a Mach Zehnder interferometer, which is a light medium that has a birefringence or an index of refraction that varies with changes of applied voltage. The variation of birefringence changes the polarization state of the light going through the device. The intensity of at least one polarization of light is detected and converted to an electrical signal. The intensity of the two interfering light beams from the legs of the Mach Zehnder interferometer is a function of the measured voltage. The electrical signal is integrated into a signal indicative of the magnitude of the voltage being measured on the electric line.

Abstract translation: 真正的dV / dt电压传感器，不需要测量的接地参考。 传感器连接在要测量的电线上的两个位置。 电压波在线路上的两个位置之间具有延迟，并且差异被感测并转换成电压测量。 另一种方法是将传感器连接在电线的一个位置。 该方法具有通过相位延迟电路的第二连接，该相位延迟电路具有连接到相同位置的输入端。 相位延迟电路的一个连接和输出之间的延迟被感测并转换成电压测量。 所感测到的差异是施加在诸如电光晶体，集成光学电路（IOC）或马赫曾德尔干涉仪之类的器件上的电压，该干涉仪是具有双折射或折射率的光介质， 随施加电压的变化而变化。 双折射的变化改变了穿过器件的光的偏振状态。 光的至少一个极化的强度被检测并转换成电信号。 来自马赫曾德干涉仪的腿部的两个干涉光束的强度是测量电压的函数。 电信号被集成到指示在电线上测量的电压的大小的信号中。

公开(公告)号：US4832437A

公开(公告)日：1989-05-23

申请号：US48142

申请日：1987-05-11

Applicant: Byoung Y. Kim ,  Herbert J. Shaw ,  Helege E. Engan ,  James N. Blake

Inventor： Byoung Y. Kim ,  Herbert J. Shaw ,  Helege E. Engan ,  James N. Blake

IPC: G02B6/14 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02F1/01

CPC classification number: G02B6/14 ,  G02B6/2821 ,  G02F1/0134

Abstract: An optical fiber is subjected to a series of traveling flexural waves propagating along a length of the fiber. At least a portion of an optical signal propagating within the optical fiber in a first propagation mode is coupled to a second propagation mode. The optical signal in the second propagation mode has a frequency which is equal to either the sum of or the difference between the frequency of the optical signal in the first propagation mode and the frequency of the traveling flexural waves. The frequency of the optical signal in the second propagation mode is shifted upward or downward from the frequency of the optical signal in the first propagation mode as determined by the direction of propagation of the first optical signal with respect to the direction of propagation of the traveling flexural waves, and as also determined by whether the phase propagation velocity of the optical signal in the first propagation mode is greater than or less than the propagation velocity of the optical signal in the second propagation mode.

Abstract translation: 光纤经受沿纤维长度传播的一系列行进弯曲波。 以第一传播模式在光纤内传播的光信号的至少一部分耦合到第二传播模式。 第二传播模式中的光信号具有等于第一传播模式中的光信号的频率与行进的弯曲波的频率的和之和的频率的频率。 第二传播模式中的光信号的频率从第一传播模式中的光信号的频率向上或向下偏移，由第一光信号相对于传播的传播方向的传播方向确定 弯曲波，并且还根据第一传播模式中的光信号的相位传播速度是否大于或小于第二传播模式中的光信号的传播速度来确定。

公开(公告)号：US07633285B2

公开(公告)日：2009-12-15

申请号：US11881864

申请日：2007-07-30

Applicant: Farnoosh Rahmatian ,  James N. Blake

Inventor： Farnoosh Rahmatian ,  James N. Blake

IPC: G01R19/00

CPC classification number: H02B13/065 ,  G01R15/242 ,  G01R31/3274 ,  H01H33/027

Abstract: Multi-phase, gas insulated electrical switchgear with optical voltage and/or current sensors are described. Compensation for contributions to sensor readings from non-associated conductors is provided. A processor is connected to voltage and/or current sensors which are placed near conductor whose voltages and/or currents are to be measured. The processor can receive outputs from those sensors and compensate the outputs for contributions which are attributable to sources other than the conductors which are intended to be measured.

Abstract translation: 描述了具有光电压和/或电流传感器的多相气体绝缘电气开关设备。 提供了对非关联导体对传感器读数贡献的补偿。 处理器连接到电压和/或电流传感器，其被放置在其电压和/或电流要被测量的导体附近。 处理器可以从这些传感器接收输出，并补偿输出，归因于除了要测量的导体之外的源。

公开(公告)号：US06434285B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-13

申请号：US09224370

申请日：1998-12-31

Applicant: James N. Blake ,  Glen A. Sanders

Inventor： James N. Blake ,  Glen A. Sanders

IPC: G02B600

CPC classification number: G01R31/02

Abstract: A sensor that measures a difference of currents at two locations along a conductor. The sensor uses two fiber optic current sensors. One current sensor at the first location measures current and has a nulling coil about its sensing loop, which carries current to null out the reading of current. Another current sensor at the second location measures current and also has a nulling coil about its sensing loop. The nulling coil of the latter sensor has the same current as the nulling coil of the sensor at the first location. For similar current sensors sensing the same magnitudes of current at their respective locations will have their outputs nulled to zero. However, if the first sensor output is nulled out and the sensor at the second location is sensing a different amount of current than the sensor at the first location, with the same amount of current in its nulling coil, then the output of the second sensor will indicate the difference of currents at the two locations, thereby indicating a loss or a gain of current along the conductor.

Abstract translation: 测量导体沿两个位置的电流差的传感器。 传感器使用两个光纤电流传感器。 第一位置处的一个电流传感器测量电流并且具有关于其感测回路的零线圈，其传送电流以使电流的读数为零。 第二位置处的另一电流传感器测量电流并且还具有关于其感测回路的零线圈。 后一传感器的零线圈与第一位置处的传感器的零线圈具有相同的电流。 对于类似的电流传感器，它们在相应位置感测出相同的电流幅度将使其输出为零。 然而，如果第一传感器输出为零，并且第二位置处的传感器感测到与第一位置处的传感器不同的电流量，在其零线圈中具有相同的电流量，则第二传感器的输出 将指示两个位置处的电流差异，从而指示沿着导体的电流的损失或增益。

公开(公告)号：US06307632B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-23

申请号：US09275491

申请日：1999-03-24

Applicant: James N. Blake

Inventor： James N. Blake

IPC: G01B902

CPC classification number: G01R33/0322

Abstract: A current sensor coil design for reducing or eliminating long undulations of magnetic sensitivity. Such reduction or elimination improves isolation of the current sensor such that proximate currents and accompanying effects do not affect the accuracy of the current sensor determination of a current being measured. Several designs, which may be incorporated separately or in combination, include modifying the specifications of the quarter waveplate, cutting the fiber of the sensor coil to a proper length, choosing a proper perimeter length of the sensor coil or head, and using a particular length of fiber adjusted to work in conjunction with a multi-wavelength or broadband light source.

Abstract translation: 用于减少或消除磁敏感度的长波动的电流传感器线圈设计。 这种减少或消除改善了电流传感器的隔离，使得接近电流和伴随效应不影响当前传感器确定正在测量的电流的精度。 可以单独地或组合地并入的几种设计包括修改四分之一波片的规格，将传感器线圈的纤维切割成合适的长度，选择传感器线圈或头部的适当的周长，以及使用特定的长度 的光纤调节为与多波长或宽带光源一起工作。

公开(公告)号：US5987195A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-16

申请号：US943096

申请日：1997-09-30

Applicant: James N. Blake

Inventor： James N. Blake

IPC: G01R15/24 ,  G01R19/00 ,  G01R33/032 ,  G02B6/26

CPC classification number: G01R33/0322 ,  G01R15/246

Abstract: The fiber optics sensor includes a polarization maintaining optic fiber forming an optical loop, and a sensing medium coupled to the optic fiber and disposed generally midway in the optical loop. First and second quarter waveplates, coupled to the optic fiber and oriented at approximately 45.degree. with one another in close proximity to the sensing medium, convert two counter-propagating linearly polarized light waves traveling in the optical loop into two counter-propagating circularly polarized light waves prior to passing through the sensing medium. The first and second quarter waveplates further convert the counter-propagating circularly polarized light waves into two linearly polarized light waves after exiting the sensing medium. The counter-propagating circularly polarized light waves passing through the sensing medium experience a differential phase shift caused by a magnetic field or current flowing in a conductor proximate to the sensing medium. A detector is coupled to the optic fiber and detects the differential phase shift and produces an output in response thereto.

Abstract translation: 光纤传感器包括形成光回路的偏振保持光纤，以及耦合到光纤并且大致位于光环路中途的传感介质。 第一和第二四分之一波片耦合到光纤并且彼此靠近感测介质彼此定向约45°，将在光环路中传播的两个反向传播线性偏振光转换为两个反向传播的圆偏振光 在通过感测介质之前的波。 第一和第二四分之一波片在离开感测介质之后进一步将反向传播的圆偏振光波转换成两个线性偏振光波。 通过感测介质的反向传播的圆偏振光波经历由接近感测介质的导体中流动的磁场或电流引起的差分相移。 检测器耦合到光纤并且检测差分相移并响应于此产生输出。

公开(公告)号：US5381230A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-10

申请号：US17685

申请日：1993-02-12

Applicant: James N. Blake ,  Clarence E. Laskoskie ,  Bogdan Szafraniec

Inventor： James N. Blake ,  Clarence E. Laskoskie ,  Bogdan Szafraniec

IPC: G01C19/72 ,  G01J9/02 ,  G02B6/00 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/126 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G02B6/2843 ,  G01C19/721 ,  G02B6/126 ,  G02B2006/1218 ,  H01S5/0687

Abstract: A spectrum stabilizer for stabilizing the wavelength of light emitted by a source for use in an optical system where the source can have that wavelength altered by varying one or more source parameters, such as source current, temperature and/or alignment of the output end of the source with an optical fiber of the optical system, and wherein light from a selected point in the optical system is coupled to a double mode waveguide for wavelength sensing.

Abstract translation: 用于稳定由光源发射的光的波长的光谱稳定器，用于光源系统中的源可以通过改变一个或多个源参数而改变波长，例如源电流，温度和/或对准输出端 所述光源具有所述光学系统的光纤，并且其中来自所述光学系统中的选定点的光耦合到用于波长感测的双模式波导。

公开(公告)号：US5022732A

公开(公告)日：1991-06-11

申请号：US342947

申请日：1989-04-25

Applicant: Helge E. Engan ,  Byoung Y. Kim ,  James N. Blake ,  Herbert J. Shaw

Inventor： Helge E. Engan ,  Byoung Y. Kim ,  James N. Blake ,  Herbert J. Shaw

IPC: G02B6/14 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02F1/01

CPC classification number: G02B6/2821 ,  G02B6/14 ,  G02F1/0134

Abstract: An optical fiber is subjected to a series of traveling flexural waves propagating along a length of the fiber. At least a portion of an optical signal propagating within the optical fiber in a first propagation mode is coupled to a second propagation mode. The optical signal in the second propagation mode has a frequency which is equal to either the sum of or the difference between the frequency of the optical signal in the first propagation mode and the frequency of the traveling flexural waves. The frequency of the optical signal in the second propagation mode is shifted upward or downward from the frequency of the optical signal in the first propagation mode as determined by the direction of propagation of the first optical signal with respect to the direction of propagation of the traveling flexural waves, and as also determined by whether the phase propagation velocity of the optical signal in the first propagation mode is greater than or less than the propagation velocity of the optical signal in the second propagation mode. An acoustic wave is induced in a generator having a gradual tapered cross-section. The generator preferably has the shape of a horn and is coaxially mounted with said optical fiber, so as to suppress the acoustic wave induced in the optical fiber in the reverse direction.

Abstract translation: 光纤经受沿纤维长度传播的一系列行进弯曲波。 以第一传播模式在光纤内传播的光信号的至少一部分耦合到第二传播模式。 第二传播模式中的光信号具有等于第一传播模式中的光信号的频率与行进的弯曲波的频率的和之和的频率的频率。 第二传播模式中的光信号的频率从第一传播模式中的光信号的频率向上或向下偏移，由第一光信号相对于传播的传播方向的传播方向确定 弯曲波，并且还根据第一传播模式中的光信号的相位传播速度是否大于或小于第二传播模式中的光信号的传播速度来确定。 在具有渐变锥形截面的发生器中感应出声波。 发电机优选具有喇叭形状并且与所述光纤同轴安装，以便抑制在相反方向上在光纤中感应的声波。