摘要:
The present invention relates to dual-layered structured sulfur cathodes comprising (a) an electroactive layer and (b) a non-electroactive conductive layer, wherein the non-electroactive conductive layer adsorbs soluble polysulfides and provides reaction sites for the reduction of polysulfides. The present invention also relates to method of making dual-layered structured sulfur cathodes and electrochemical cells.
摘要:
A catalyst composition for use in a rechargeable metal-air electrochemical cell comprises an oxygen evolution catalyst coated with a thin film deposition of a binder and an electrically conductive particulate material which is not corroded during charge. This catalyst is useful to make an air electrode which has greater corrosion protection than an air electrode having an oxygen evolution catalyst without the thin film deposition.
摘要:
An electrolyte for a metal-oxygen battery includes a non-aqueous solvent which is characterized in that the solubility of oxygen therein is at least 0.1150 cc O2/cc of solvent at STP. The electrolyte also includes an electrolyte salt dissolved in the solvent. The solvent may comprise a mixture of materials in which at least 50%, on a weight basis, of the materials have an oxygen solubility of at least 0.1760 cc O2/cc at STP. Also disclosed is a method for optimizing the composition of an electrolyte for a metal-oxygen battery by selecting the solvent for the electrolyte from those materials which will dissolve the electrolyte salt and which have a solubility for oxygen which is at least 0.1150 cc O2/cc at STP.
摘要:
Disclosed is a cathode material for a metal-oxygen battery such as a lithium-oxygen battery. The material comprises, on a weight basis, a first component which is an oxide or a sulfide of a metal. The first component is capable of intercalating lithium, and is present in an amount which is greater than 20% and up to 80% of the material. The material includes a second component which comprises carbon. The carbon is an electroactive catalyst which is capable of reducing oxygen, and comprises 10–80% of the material. The material further includes a binder, such as a fluoropolymer binder, which is present in an amount of 5–40%. Also disclosed is a battery which incorporates the cathode material.
摘要:
A lithium/oxygen battery includes a lithium anode, an air cathode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte soaked in a microporous separator membrane, wherein non-aqueous electrolyte comprises a lithium salt with a general molecular formula of LiBF3X (X═F, Cl, or Br, respectively) and a non-aqueous solvent mixture.
摘要:
Carbon fluoride is synthesized by reactively or high intensity/energy milling at ambient room temperature carbon-containing material (such as graphite, carbon black, coke, or other carbon-based material) with an inorganic fluoride agent (such as cobalt trifluoride) other than fluorine gas. The following chemical reaction occurs: xC+CoF3→CxF+CoF2, wherein x equals 1 to 4. The CxF is separated from the CoF2 and the CoF3 by digesting the CxF, CoF2 and the CoF3 in hot water of at least approximately 90° C. causing the CoF2 to dissolve; and then filtering the CoF2. The CoF3 is unreacted and undergoes hydrolysis in the hot water to form Co(OH)3 or Co2O3.3H2O, which is removed by washing with sulfuric acid. Alternatively, the CxF is separated from the CoF2 and the CoF3 by digesting the CxF, CoF2 and the CoF3 in heated sulfuric acid followed by filtration and washing with sulfuric acid and then with hot water. The synthesized carbon fluoride is used to form a cathode in electrochemical cells, such as lithium batteries.