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1.发明授权Plasma treatment of fly ash from coal combustion to improve its marketability 有权从煤燃烧中对飞灰进行等离子体处理，提高其可销售性公开(公告)号：US07985324B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-26
申请号：US11974905
申请日：2007-10-16
申请人： John G. Whellock
发明人： John G. Whellock
CPC分类号： C04B18/08 , Y02W30/92 , C04B20/023
摘要： A system and method for treating unmarketable fly ash and improve its properties as an additive for concrete is disclosed. The method includes the steps of creating a gas stream containing ionized air through a plasma reactor and exposing an amount of fly ash containing carbon to the ionized air while in the reactor. The exposure of the carbon to the ionized air promotes the attachment of the ions to the carbon to reduce the adsorption capacity of the carbon.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于处理非市售飞灰并提高其作为混凝土添加剂的性能的系统和方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：通过等离子体反应器产生含有电离空气的气流，并在反应器内暴露一定量的含有碳的飞灰至电离空气。 将碳暴露于电离空气促进离子与碳的连接以降低碳的吸附能力。
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公开(公告)号：US06824585B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-30
申请号：US10309552
申请日：2002-12-03
申请人： Adrian A. Joseph , John G. Whellock
发明人： Adrian A. Joseph , John G. Whellock
IPC分类号： C22B406
CPC分类号： C22B34/1286 , C22B4/005 , C22B34/1272 , C22B34/1295
摘要： A method for refining a titanium metal containing ore such as rutile or ilmenite or mixtures to produce titanium ingots or titanium alloys and compounds of titanium involves production of titanium tetrachloride by processing the ore with a chlorinating procedure and removing various impurities by a distillation or similar procedures to form a relatively pure titanium tetrachloride. Thereafter, the titanium tetrachloride is introduced continuously into a reactor at the focal point of a plasma under atmospheric pressures of inert gas along with molten metallic reductant for the initial reduction of gas phase titanium tetrachloride into molten titanium drops which are collected in a set of skulled crucibles. Thereafter, further processing is carried out at atmospheric pressures in under inert gas where the titanium is heated by plasma guns to maximize titanium purity and, in a final optional stage, alloying compounds are added under the same controlled environment and high temperature conditions.
摘要翻译： 用于精炼含有金属矿的钛金属如金红石或钛铁矿或混合物以生产钛锭或钛合金和钛的化合物的方法涉及通过用氯化方法加工矿石并通过蒸馏或类似程序除去各种杂质来生产四氯化钛 以形成相对纯的四氯化钛。 此后，将四氯化钛连续引入反应器中的等离子体的大气压下的惰性气体与熔融金属还原剂的反应器中，用于将气相四氯化钛初始还原成熔融的钛滴，这些钛液滴被收集在一组头骨 坩埚 此后，在大气压下在惰性气体中进行进一步处理，其中钛被等离子体枪加热以使钛纯度最大化，并且在最终的任选阶段中，在相同的受控环境和高温条件下加入合金化合物。
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3.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20100282595A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-11
申请号：US12445711
申请日：2007-10-17
申请人： John G. Whellock
发明人： John G. Whellock
IPC分类号： C04B18/06
CPC分类号： C04B18/08 , Y02W30/92 , C04B20/023
摘要： A system and method for treating unmarketable fly ash and improve its properties as an additive for concrete is disclosed. The method includes the steps of providing a gas stream containing ionized air (34), and an amount of fly ash (10) containing carbon having an adsorption capacity. The fly ash (10) is then exposed to the gas stream (34) to expose the carbon to the ionized air to promote the attachment of the ions to the carbon to reduce the adsorption capacity of the carbon.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于处理非市售飞灰并提高其作为混凝土添加剂的性能的系统和方法。 该方法包括提供含有电离空气（34）的气流和一定量的含有吸附能力的碳的飞灰（10）的步骤。 然后将飞灰（10）暴露于气流（34）以将碳暴露于电离空气中以促进离子附着到碳上以降低碳的吸附能力。
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公开(公告)号：US20090314185A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-24
申请号：US12427550
申请日：2009-04-21
申请人： John G. Whellock
发明人： John G. Whellock
CPC分类号： C04B18/08 , Y02W30/92 , C04B20/023
摘要： Treated carbon-containing fly ash with reduced surfactant-adsorbing capacity is prepared by processing involving contacting the fly ash with ionized gas prepared from a humid gas feed, such as humid air. Treated fly ash with reduced ammonia content is prepared by processing involving contacting the fly ash with ionized gas prepared from a humid gas feed, such as humid air, or exposing the fly ash to microwave radiation or ultraviolet radiation.
摘要翻译： 通过处理涉及具有降低的表面活性剂吸附能力的经处理的含碳飞灰，其包括使飞灰与由潮湿空气等湿气进料制备的电离气接触。 减少氨含量的经处理的粉煤灰通过使飞灰与由湿气进料（例如潮湿空气）制备的离子化气体接触或将飞灰暴露于微波辐射或紫外线辐射进行处理来制备。
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公开(公告)号：US5372630A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-13
申请号：US50455
申请日：1993-09-20
CPC分类号： C22B19/34 , C22B19/04 , C22B7/02 , C22B7/04 , Y02P10/212
摘要： A process for treatment of zinc sulfide or other zinc bearing feed materials in conjunction with an iron sulfide containing mineral or compound to effect a separation of zinc from iron by fuming on either zinc and sulphur vapor or zinc sulphide vapor. The vapor is stripped and transported by a carrier gas from the mineral or a molten matte formed from the mineral. The process is operated at a temperature in the region of 1250.degree. to 1400.degree. C. and at a partial pressure of oxygen in the region of 10-.sup.7 to 10-.sup.11 bar. The process is conducted in the presence of a liquid matte phase which contains at least iron sulphide and which is intimately mixed in a bath with a slag phase.
摘要翻译： 一种处理硫化锌或其他含锌原料的方法，与含铁硫化物的矿物或化合物一起处理，以通过在锌和硫蒸气或硫化锌蒸汽上发烟来实现锌从铁分离。 蒸汽被汽提并通过载体从矿物或由矿物形成的熔融锍输送。 该方法在1250℃至1400℃的温度和10-7至10-11巴范围内的氧分压下进行。 该方法在含有至少硫化铁并且在浴中与渣相紧密混合的液态无光泽相存在下进行。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5482534A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-09
申请号：US211916
申请日：1994-04-20
CPC分类号： C22B15/0073 , C22B11/04 , C22B19/22 , C22B19/30 , C22B23/0438 , C22B3/065 , C22B30/04 , Y02P10/234 , Y02P10/236
摘要： A process suitable for the extraction or recovery of metal values from arsenic containing feeds and including the steps of: a) treating the feed with a nitric acid-containing leachant solution in order to dissolve the desired metals; b) adding a source of iron (III) to the leachant solution whereby to oxidise arsenic (III) in solution to arsenic (V); c) adding a neutralising agent to the leachant solution whereby to precipitate arsenic as arsenic (V); d) separating the arsenic (V) precipitate from the leachant solution; and e) recording metal values from the leachant solution.
摘要翻译： 一种适用于从含砷饲料提取或回收金属值的方法，包括以下步骤：a）用含硝酸的浸出剂溶液处理饲料以溶解所需的金属; b）向浸出液中加入铁（III）源，从而将溶液中的砷（III）氧化成砷（V）; c）向浸出液中加入中和剂，由此将砷沉淀为砷（V）; d）从浸出液中分离出砷（V）沉淀物; e）从浸出液中记录金属值。
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公开(公告)号：US5350158A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-27
申请号：US39287
申请日：1993-04-19
申请人： John G. Whellock
发明人： John G. Whellock
CPC分类号： F27D9/00 , C21C5/4606 , C21C5/4646 , C21C2005/4626
摘要： A metallurgical lance incorporates an indirect cooling system, separate from and independent of the reactants which are fed through a center passageway (12) to a melt, bath or the like. An outer passageway (10) extends around the center passageway (12) and its outer wall (14) is exposed to heat flux. A coolant flows through the outer passageway (10). Auxiliary means (22) are positioned within the outer passageway (10) to enhance the take-up of heat from the outer wall (14). The coolant is a two-phase mixture, preferably gas and water. The auxiliary means may be a helical fin (22) or a wire packing within the coolant flow path. Enhanced cooling is achieved by (a) the extended metal surface area provided by the auxiliary means, and/or (b) surface evaporation of a film of liquid deposited on the auxiliary means and/or on the inside of the outer wall (14).
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB91 / 01902 371日期：1993年4月19日 102（e）日期1993年4月19日PCT 1991年10月30日PCT PCT。 出版物WO92 / 07965 日期：1992年5月14日。冶金枪具有间接冷却系统，与通过中心通道（12）进料至熔体，浴槽等的反应物分开并独立。 外部通道（10）围绕中心通道（12）延伸，并且其外壁（14）暴露于热通量。 冷却剂流过外部通道（10）。 辅助装置（22）位于外部通道（10）内以增强从外壁（14）吸收热量。 冷却剂是两相混合物，优选气体和水。 辅助装置可以是冷却剂流动路径内的螺旋翅片（22）或钢丝填料。 通过（a）由辅助装置提供的延伸的金属表面积和/或（b）沉积在辅助装置和/或外壁（14）的内部上的液体膜的表面蒸发来实现增强的冷却， 。
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8.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20090200156A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-13
申请号：US11974934
申请日：2007-10-16
申请人： John G. Whellock
发明人： John G. Whellock
CPC分类号： C04B18/08 , Y02W30/92 , C04B20/023
摘要： A system and method for treating unmarketable fly ash and improve its properties as an additive for concrete is disclosed. The method includes the steps of providing a gas stream containing ionized air, and an amount of fly ash containing carbon having all adsorption capacity. The fly ash is then exposed to the gas stream to expose the carbon to the ionized air to promote the attachment of the ions to the carbon to reduce the adsorption capacity of the carbon.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于处理非市售飞灰并提高其作为混凝土添加剂的性能的系统和方法。 该方法包括提供含有电离空气的气流和一定量的含有全部吸附能力的碳的飞灰。 然后将飞灰暴露于气流以将碳暴露于电离空气中以促进离子附着到碳上以降低碳的吸附能力。
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9.发明申请Plasma treatment of fly ash from coal combustion to improve its marketability 有权从煤燃烧中对飞灰进行等离子体处理，提高其可销售性公开(公告)号：US20080142356A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-19
申请号：US11974905
申请日：2007-10-16
申请人： John G. Whellock
发明人： John G. Whellock
IPC分类号： C01B31/00
CPC分类号： C04B18/08 , Y02W30/92 , C04B20/023
摘要： A system and method for treating unmarketable fly ash and improve its properties as an additive for concrete is disclosed. The method includes the steps of creating a gas stream containing ionized air through a plasma reactor and exposing an amount of fly ash containing carbon to the ionized air while in the reactor. The exposure of the carbon to the ionized air promotes the attachment of the ions to the carbon to reduce the adsorption capacity of the carbon.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于处理非市售飞灰并提高其作为混凝土添加剂的性能的系统和方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：通过等离子体反应器产生含有电离空气的气流，并在反应器内暴露一定量的含有碳的飞灰至电离空气。 将碳暴露于电离空气促进离子与碳的连接以降低碳的吸附能力。
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公开(公告)号：US5021069A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-04
申请号：US286944
申请日：1988-12-20
CPC分类号： C22B3/18 , C12P19/06 , Y02P10/234 , Y10S423/17
摘要： A bioreaction is affected by oxygenating a liquid/solids mixture containing a micro-organism to enable the bioreaction to proceed, wherein the said mixture is confined in a reaction vessel and circulated around a loop, the loop including a column in which gas transfer is effected, at least the liquid being introduced into the top of the column in the form of at least one stream, the velocity of which stream is sufficient to generate and maintain, at least in an upper region of the column, a substantially continuous foam formed of close-packed bubbles of the gas in the liquid extending across the entire cross-section of the column, driven to violent agitation and backmixing by the incoming stream of liquid, and of relatively uniform bubble size, the velocity of the inlet stream of liquid and the rate of introduction of the gas being sufficient to prevent gas accumulating at the top of the column.
摘要翻译： 生物反应受含氧化含有微生物的液体/固体混合物的影响，使得能够进行生物反应，其中所述混合物被限制在反应容器中并在环路周围循环，所述环包括其中进行气体转移的柱 至少将液体以至少一种流的形式引入塔的顶部，其流速足以至少在柱的上部区域中产生并维持由 液体中气体的紧密堆积的气体延伸穿过柱的整个横截面，被液体进入剧烈的搅拌和回混，并具有相对均匀的气泡尺寸，液体入口流的速度和 气体的引入速率足以防止在塔顶积聚的气体。
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