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    Catalysts for ammonia synthesis
    1.
    发明授权
    Catalysts for ammonia synthesis 有权
    用于氨合成的催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US07115239B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-10-03

    申请号：US10497795

    申请日：2002-10-18

    申请人： Lucio Forni ,  Nicola Pernicone

    发明人： Lucio Forni ,  Nicola Pernicone

    IPC分类号： C01C1/04 ,  B01J21/18

    CPC分类号： B01J23/58 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J23/462 ,  B01J35/002 ,  B01J35/1019 ,  B01J37/0205 ,  C01C1/0411 ,  Y02P20/52

    摘要： Catalysts for ammonia synthesis based on ruthenium, directly supported over graphite having BET specific surface area in excess of 10 m2/g, preferably in excess of 100 m2/g and more preferably in excess of 280 m2/g, the graphite being characterised by X-ray diffraction pattern containing the diffraction lines characteristic of the crystalline graphite only, with exclusion of relevant bands due to amorphous carbon, to which catalysts barium, caesium and potassium are added as promoters. The graphitic supports allow to avoid the known pre-treatments and post-treatments needed in the case of supports obtained by partial graphitisation of active carbons and during use they are affected negligibly by the methanation shown by the supports obtained from active carbons. Furthermore, the catalysts of the present invention are characterised by a very high activity, even with ruthenium loadings well below the known loading.

    摘要翻译： 催化剂用于基于钌的氨合成，直接负载在BET比表面积超过10m 2 / g，优选超过100m 2 / g的石墨上， 更优选超过280m 2 / g，该石墨的特征在于包含仅结晶石墨特征的衍射线的X射线衍射图，排除了由于无定形碳引起的相关带，衍射线 加入催化剂钡，铯和钾作为助催化剂。 石墨载体允许避免在通过部分石墨化活性炭获得的载体的情况下所需的已知的预处理和后处理，并且在使用期间，它们受到由活性碳获得的载体所示的甲烷化的影响可忽略。 此外，本发明的催化剂的特征在于非常高的活性，即使钌负载远低于已知的负载量。

    Catalysts for ammonia synthesis
    4.
    发明申请
    Catalysts for ammonia synthesis 有权
    用于氨合成的催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US20050053541A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-03-10

    申请号：US10497795

    申请日：2002-10-18

    申请人： Lucio Forni ,  Nicola Pernicone

    发明人： Lucio Forni ,  Nicola Pernicone

    IPC分类号： B01J21/18 ,  B01J23/46 ,  B01J23/58 ,  B01J35/00 ,  B01J35/10 ,  B01J37/02 ,  C01C1/04

    CPC分类号： B01J23/58 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J23/462 ,  B01J35/002 ,  B01J35/1019 ,  B01J37/0205 ,  C01C1/0411 ,  Y02P20/52

    摘要： Catalysts for ammonia synthesis based on ruthenium, directly supported over graphite having BET specific surface area in excess of 10 m2/g, preferably in excess of 100 m2/g and more preferably in excess of 280 m2/g, the graphite being characterised by X-ray diffraction pattern containing the diffraction lines characteristic of the crystalline graphite only, with exclusion of relevant bands due to amorphous carbon, to which catalysts barium, caesium and potassium are added as promoters. The graphitic supports allow to avoid the known pre-treatments and post-treatments needed in the case of supports obtained by partial graphitisation of active carbons and during use they are affected negligibly by the methanation shown by the supports obtained from active carbons. Furthermore, the catalysts of the present invention are characterised by a very high activity, even with ruthenium loadings well below the known loading.

    摘要翻译： 用于基于钌进行氨合成的催化剂，其直接负载在BET比表面积超过10m 2 / g，优选超过100m 2 / g，更优选超过280m 2的石墨上。 / g，石墨的特征在于包含仅结晶石墨特征的衍射线的X射线衍射图，排除了由于无定形碳而引起的相关带，催化剂钡，铯和钾作为助催化剂。 石墨载体允许避免在通过部分石墨化活性炭获得的载体的情况下所需的已知的预处理和后处理，并且在使用期间，它们受到由活性碳获得的载体所示的甲烷化的影响可忽略。 此外，本发明的催化剂的特征在于非常高的活性，即使钌负载远低于已知的负载量。

    Process for the dimerization or co-dimerization of linear olefins and catalysts therefore
    5.
    发明授权
    Process for the dimerization or co-dimerization of linear olefins and catalysts therefore 失效
    因此，线性烯烃和催化剂的二聚化或共二聚作用的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4029719A

    公开(公告)日：1977-06-14

    申请号：US638387

    申请日：1975-12-08

    申请人： Lucio Forni ,  Renzo Invernizzi

    发明人： Lucio Forni ,  Renzo Invernizzi

    IPC分类号： B01J29/064 ,  C07C2/12 ,  C07C3/20

    CPC分类号： B01J29/064 ,  C07C2/12 ,  C07C2529/04

    摘要： Process for the preparation of catalysts suitable for the production of linear olefins by dimerization or co-dimerization of linear olefins having small numbers of carbon atoms, characterized by depositing one or more metals chosen from among those belonging to group VIII of the periodic system of elements on a natural or synthetic crystalline zeolite by ion exchange to a quantity of deposited metal of from 0.1 to 50% by weight with respect to the zeolite itself, by bringing the resulting product into contact with an organic or inorganic base in the liquid or gaseous form at a temperature in the range from -35 to 250.degree. C for a time of at least 30 minutes, and by eliminating the excess of the base and heat-treating at temperatures in the range from 50 to 450.degree. for at least 30 minutes, and a process for the preparation of linear olefins having from 6 to 24 carbon atoms in the molecule, characterized by the introduction of one or more linear olefins having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms in the molecule to the catalysts obtained, and by operating at temperatures of from 130 to 260.degree. C and at pressures of from 2 to 70 atmospheres.

    摘要翻译： 用于制备适用于通过使具有少量碳原子的直链烯烃的二聚或共二聚而生产线性烯烃的催化剂的方法，其特征在于沉积一种或多种选自属于元素周期系的第VIII族的金属 在天然或合成的结晶沸石上通过离子交换相对于沸石本身为0.1至50重量％的沉积金属，通过使所得产物与液体或气体形式的有机或无机碱接触 在-35至250℃的温度下至少30分钟的时间，并且通过在50至450℃的温度下除去碱的过量和热处理至少30分钟， 以及在分子中制备具有6至24个碳原子的直链烯烃的方法，其特征在于将一种或多种具有3至12个碳原子的直链烯烃引入到 所述催化剂的分子通过在130-260℃的温度和2-70个大气压的压力下操作。