公开(公告)号：US07526068B2

公开(公告)日：2009-04-28

申请号：US10481392

申请日：2002-06-18

Applicant: Mark Dinsmore

Inventor： Mark Dinsmore

IPC: H01J35/30

CPC classification number: H01J35/32 ,  H01J35/06

Abstract: A miniaturized, increased efficiency x-ray source for materials analysis includes a laser source, an optical delivery structure, a laser-driven thermionic cathode (108), an anode (122), and a target from the laser source and directs the beam onto a surface of the themionic cathode. The surfaces electrons form an electron beam along a beam path. The target element (110) is disposed in the beam path, and emits x-rays in response to incident accelerated electrons from the thermionic cathode. The target element includes an inclined surface that forms an angle of inclination (113) of about 40 degrees with respect to the electon beam path, so that x-rays are emitted from the target substantially at an angle of about 45 degrees with respect to the electron beam path.

Abstract translation: 用于材料分析的小型化，增加的效率的x射线源包括激光源，光学传递结构，激光驱动的热离子阴极（108），阳极（122）和来自激光源的靶，并将光束引导到 阴离子的表面。 表面电子沿光束路径形成电子束。 目标元件（110）设置在光束路径中，并且响应于来自热离子阴极的入射加速电子而发射X射线。 目标元件包括相对于电子束路径形成大约40度的倾斜角（113）的倾斜表面，使得x射线相对于基本上以大约45度的角度从目标射出 电子束路径。

公开(公告)号：US20050213709A1

公开(公告)日：2005-09-29

申请号：US11087271

申请日：2005-03-23

Applicant: Mark Dinsmore ,  David Caruso

Inventor： Mark Dinsmore ,  David Caruso

IPC: G09G1/04 ,  G21G4/00 ,  H01J29/58 ,  H01J35/00 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/18 ,  H05H1/00

CPC classification number: H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/18 ,  H01J2235/087

Abstract: An x-ray source includes an insulating tube having a cylindrical inside surface defining a cylindrical vacuum cavity, a cathode located near a first end of the insulating tube and adapted to be optically heated for emitting electrons, an anode adapted for a voltage bias with respect to the cathode for accelerating electrons emitted from the cathode, an x-ray emitter target located near a second end of the insulating tube for impact by accelerated electrons, and a secondary emission reduction layer covering at least a portion of the inside surface and adapted to minimize charge build-up on the inside surface, wherein the insulating tube is adapted to be weakly conductive to support a uniform voltage gradient along the insulating tube and across the voltage bias between the cathode and the anode.

Abstract translation: x射线源包括绝缘管，其具有限定圆柱形真空腔的圆柱形内表面，阴极，位于绝缘管的第一端附近，并且适于被光学加热以发射电子，阳极适于相对于电压偏置 到用于加速从阴极发射的电子的阴极，位于绝缘管的第二端附近用于受加速电子冲击的x射线发射极靶，以及覆盖内表面的至少一部分的二次发射减少层， 最小化内表面上的电荷积聚，其中绝缘管适于弱导电以支持沿着绝缘管的均匀电压梯度并且跨过阴极和阳极之间的电压偏压。

公开(公告)号：US06920202B1

公开(公告)日：2005-07-19

申请号：US10005290

申请日：2001-12-04

Applicant: Mark Dinsmore

Inventor： Mark Dinsmore

IPC: A61N5/10 ,  G01T1/20 ,  G21G4/00 ,  G21K1/06 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H05G1/36

CPC classification number: A61N5/1048 ,  G01T1/2018 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H05G1/36

Abstract: A therapeutic radiation source includes an in situ radiation detecting system for monitoring in real time an amount of the therapeutic radiation that has been generated. An electron source generates electrons in response to light that is transmitted through a fiber optic cable and impinges upon the electron source. The electrons are accelerated toward the target and strike the target, causing the target to emit therapeutic radiation, such as x-rays. A scintillator is disposed along a path of a portion of the emitted therapeutic radiation, and generates scintillator light corresponding to the intensity of the therapeutic radiation that is incident upon the scintillator. A photodetector in optical communication with the scintillator produces a signal indicative of the intensity of the therapeutic radiation incident upon the scintillator.

Abstract translation: 治疗性辐射源包括用于实时监测已经产生的治疗辐射量的原位辐射检测系统。 电子源响应于通过光纤电缆传输并撞击电子源的光产生电子。 电子朝向靶加速并撞击目标，导致靶发射治疗辐射，例如x射线。 闪烁体沿着所发射的治疗辐射的一部分的路径设置，并且产生对应于入射到闪烁体上的治疗辐射的强度的闪烁体光。 与闪烁体光学通信的光电检测器产生指示入射到闪烁体上的治疗辐射的强度的信号。

公开(公告)号：US06728335B1

公开(公告)日：2004-04-27

申请号：US10133048

申请日：2002-04-26

Applicant: Euan Thomson ,  Mark Dinsmore

Inventor： Euan Thomson ,  Mark Dinsmore

IPC: A61N510

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001

Abstract: A controller is provided for selectively and independently control each of a plurality of therapeutic radiation sources arranged along an array. The controller is operable to selectively generate therapeutic radiation at selected time intervals and at selected intensities. The controller includes intensity control circuitry for controlling the intensity of the therapeutic radiation generated by each therapeutic radiation source. The controller also includes duration control circuitry for controlling the duration of the therapeutic radiation generated by each therapeutic radiation source. The controller may also include a mechanical introducer for inserting the array into a treatment region, and for withdrawing the array from the treatment region.

Abstract translation: 提供控制器用于选择性且独立地控制沿阵列布置的多个治疗辐射源中的每一个。 控制器可操作以选择性地以选定的时间间隔和选定的强度产生治疗辐射。 控制器包括用于控制由每个治疗辐射源产生的治疗辐射的强度的强度控制电路。 控制器还包括持续时间控制电路，用于控制由每个治疗辐射源产生的治疗辐射的持续时间。 控制器还可以包括用于将阵列插入治疗区域并将阵列从治疗区域中取出的机械导引器。

公开(公告)号：US06493419B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-10

申请号：US09884229

申请日：2001-06-19

Applicant: Mark Dinsmore

Inventor： Mark Dinsmore

IPC: A61N510

CPC classification number: H01J35/08 ,  A61N5/1001 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/164

Abstract: A therapeutic radiation source includes a spiral-shaped, laser-heated thermionic cathode. A fiber optic cable directs a beam of radiation, having a power level sufficient to heat at least a portion of the electron-emissive surface to an electron emitting temperature, from a laser source onto the cathode. The cathode generates an electron beam along a beam path by thermionic emission, and strikes a target positioned in its beam path. The target includes radiation emissive material that emits therapeutic radiation in response to incident accelerated electrons from the electron beam. The spiral-shaped conductive element has a plurality of spaced apart turns, and is disposed in a vacuum. An interstitial spacing is defined between adjacent turns, so that heat transfer across the spacing between each adjacent turn is essentially eliminated, thereby substantially reducing heat loss in the cathode caused by thermal conduction.

Abstract translation: 治疗性辐射源包括螺旋状激光加热的热离子阴极。 光纤电缆将具有足以将至少一部分电子发射表面的电子发射温度从激光源加热到阴极的辐射束引导。 阴极通过热离子发射沿光束路径产生电子束，并且撞击位于其光束路径中的目标。 目标包括响应于来自电子束的入射加速电子发射治疗辐射的辐射发射材料。 螺旋状导电元件具有多个间隔开的匝，并且设置在真空中。 在相邻匝之间限定间隙，从而基本上消除了每个相邻匝之间的间隔的热传递，从而大大减少了由热传导引起的阴极热损失。

公开(公告)号：US06480568B1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-12

申请号：US09884561

申请日：2001-06-19

Applicant: Mark Dinsmore

Inventor： Mark Dinsmore

IPC: A61N510

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001

Abstract: A miniaturized, optically driven therapeutic radiation source operates at significantly reduced power levels. The apparatus includes a laser-driven thermionic cathode, a target element, a probe assembly, and a laser source. The probe assembly includes an optical delivery structure, such as a fiber optic cable, that directs a laser beam from the laser source to impinge upon a surface of the thermionic cathode, heating the surface to a temperature sufficient to cause thermionic emission of electrons. The emitted electrons form an electron beam along a beam path. The target element is positioned in the beam path, and includes means for emitting therapeutic radiation, such as x-rays, in response to incident accelerated electrons from the electron beam. Reflector elements may be included to reflect unabsorbed laser radiation back to the thermionic cathode.

Abstract translation: 小型化，光学驱动的治疗辐射源以显着降低的功率水平操作。 该装置包括激光驱动的热离子阴极，目标元件，探针组件和激光源。 探针组件包括诸如光纤电缆的光学传递结构，其引导来自激光源的激光束撞击在热离子阴极的表面上，将表面加热到足以引起电子的热离子发射的温度。 发射的电子沿光束路径形成电子束。 目标元件位于光束路径中，并且包括用于响应于来自电子束的入射加速电子而发射诸如x射线的治疗辐射的装置。 可以包括反射器元件以将未吸收的激光辐射反射回热离子阴极。

公开(公告)号：US06198804B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-06

申请号：US09526245

申请日：2000-03-15

Applicant: Mark Dinsmore

Inventor： Mark Dinsmore

IPC: H01S3506

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  H01J35/04 ,  H05G2/00 ,  H05H15/00

Abstract: A modular multistage accelerator for use in an X-ray treatment system includes a first 10 kV acceleration stage which houses an electron beam gun supplied with −50 kV of voltage. The modular multi-stage accelerator includes four additional 10 kV stages placed in series with the first stage to achieve a 50 kV accelerator overall. Each stage is shielded to prevent stray electrons from being propagated along the length of the drift tube. The triple point within each modular stage is recessed to significantly reduce the emission of stray electrons within each stage. Additionally, the beam current at the X-ray emitting probe of the X-ray source is measured by isolating the beam current to a beam current measuring circuit in electrical connection with a nulling junction node, wherein other currents within the circuit are nulled at the nulling junction node and the beam current flows to the beam current measuring circuit.

Abstract translation: 用于X射线处理系统的模块化多级加速器包括容纳-50kV电压的电子束枪的第一10kV加速阶段。 模块化多级加速器包括与第一级串联放置的四个额外的10kV级，以实现整个50kV加速器。 屏蔽每一级以防止杂散电子沿漂移管的长度传播。 每个模块化阶段的三重点是凹陷的，以显着减少每个阶段内的杂散电子的发射。 另外，X射线源的X射线探测器处的射束电流是通过将射束电流隔离到与归零结节点电连接的束电流测量电路来测量的，其中电路内的其它电流在 零接点和射束电流流向束电流测量电路。

公开(公告)号：US6111932A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-29

申请号：US211144

申请日：1998-12-14

Applicant: Mark Dinsmore

Inventor： Mark Dinsmore

IPC: G21K5/02 ,  A61N5/10 ,  H01J35/04 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H05G2/00 ,  H05H15/00 ,  H01J35/06

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  H01J35/04 ,  H05G2/00 ,  H05H15/00

Abstract: A modular multistage accelerator (102) for use in an X-ray treatment system includes a first 10 kV acceleration stage (120) which houses an electron beam gun supplied with -50 kV of voltage. The modular multi-stage accelerator includes four additional 10 kV stages (112,114,116,118) placed in series with the first stage to achieve a 50 kV accelerator overall. Each stage is shielded (190) to prevent stray electrons from being propagated along the length of the drift tube. The triple point within each modular stage is recessed to significantly reduce the emission of stray electrons within each stage. Additionally, the beam current at the X-ray emitting probe of the X-ray source is measured by isolating the beam current to a beam current measuring circuit (220) in electrical connection with a nulling junction node, wherein other currents within the circuit are nulled at the nulling junction node and the beam current flows to the beam current measuring circuit.

Abstract translation: 用于X射线处理系统的模块化多级加速器（102）包括容纳-50kV电压的电子束枪的第一10kV加速级（120）。 模块化多级加速器包括与第一级串联放置的四个额外的10kV级（112,114,116,118），以实现整个50kV加速器。 每个级被屏蔽（190），以防止杂散电子沿漂移管的长度传播。 每个模块化阶段的三重点是凹陷的，以显着减少每个阶段内的杂散电子的发射。 另外，X射线源的X射线发射探针处的束电流是通过将束电流隔离到与归零结节点电连接的束电流测量电路（220）来测量的，其中电路内的其它电流是 在零接点处为零，并且束电流流向光束电流测量电路。

公开(公告)号：US20060233307A1

公开(公告)日：2006-10-19

申请号：US10481392

申请日：2002-06-18

Applicant: Mark Dinsmore

Inventor： Mark Dinsmore

IPC: H01J35/06

CPC classification number: H01J35/32 ,  H01J35/06

Abstract: A miniaturized, increased efficiency x-ray source for materials analysis includes a laser source, an optical delivery structure, a laser-driven thermionic cathode (108), an anode (122), and a target from the laser source and directs the beam onto a surface of the themionic cathode. The surfaces electrons form an electron beam along a beam path. The target element (110) is disposed in the beam path, and emits x-rays in response to incident accelerated electrons from the thermionic cathode. The target element includes an inclined surface that forms an angle of inclination (113) of about 40 degrees with respect to the electon beam path, so that x-rays are emitted from the target substantially at an angle of about 45 degrees with respect to the electron beam path.

Abstract translation: 用于材料分析的小型化，增加的效率的x射线源包括激光源，光学传递结构，激光驱动的热离子阴极（108），阳极（122）和来自激光源的靶，并将光束引导到 阴离子的表面。 表面电子沿光束路径形成电子束。 目标元件（110）设置在光束路径中，并且响应于来自热离子阴极的入射加速电子而发射X射线。 目标元件包括相对于电子束路径形成大约40度的倾斜角（113）的倾斜表面，使得x射线相对于基本上以大约45度的角度从目标射出 电子束路径。

公开(公告)号：US06856668B1

公开(公告)日：2005-02-15

申请号：US10133079

申请日：2002-04-26

Applicant: Euan Thomson ,  Mark Dinsmore

Inventor： Euan Thomson ,  Mark Dinsmore

IPC: A61N5/10

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001

Abstract: A method is provided for treating a tumor by pre-irradiation. The location, size, and shape of the tumor is identified. A region that includes the tumor as well as a surrounding portion most likely to contain residual tumorous cells is identified. The identified region is irradiated with therapeutic radiation, such as x-rays, prior to surgical removal of the tumor. The tumor is removed after irradiation of the identified region, leaving only the pre-irradiated surrounding portion. The risk of recurrence of tumorous growth after resection of the tumor may be significantly reduced.

Abstract translation: 提供了通过预照射治疗肿瘤的方法。 确定肿瘤的位置，大小和形状。 鉴定包括肿瘤的区域以及最可能含有残留肿瘤细胞的周围部分。 在手术切除肿瘤之前，用治疗辐射（例如x射线）照射所识别的区域。 在所识别的区域照射后去除肿瘤，仅留下预先照射的周围部分。 切除肿瘤后肿瘤生长复发的风险可能会显着降低。