摘要:
In a network of a variable length packet system, a bps calculator colors an inputted packet based on a peak bandwidth or a committed bandwidth of a data bit number per unit time for every flow and a packet length of the inputted packet, a pps calculator colors the inputted packet based on a peak bandwidth or a committed bandwidth of a packet number per unit time for every flow and a packet number of the inputted packet, and one of a color of packet to be discarded, a color of packet to be passed and a color of packet to be discarded with a probability, within the colors obtained by colorings at both calculators is determined by a color selector.
摘要:
An electrophotographic photoreceptor including an electroconductive substrate and a photoreceptive layer, which is formed overlying the substrate, wherein the photoreceptive layer includes a charge carrier generation layer including a charge carrier generation material and a charge carrier transport layer including a charge carrier transport material, and wherein when an electric field of from 2.5×105 V/cm to 5.5×105 V/cm is applied to the charge carrier transport layer, the relationship, tCTL/&mgr;CTL≦1.5×103 V·s/m, is satisfied, wherein tCTL represents a thickness of the charge carrier transport layer and &mgr;CTL represents a charge mobility of the charge carrier transport layer.
摘要翻译:一种电子照相感光体,包括形成在基片上的导电基片和感光层,其中感光层包括一个载电子产生层,该电荷载体产生层包括一个载电子产生材料和一个载电子载体传输层,它包括一个载流子传输材料,其中 当向载流子传输层施加2.5×10 5 V / cm至5.5×10 5 V / cm的电场时,满足tCTL /μCTL<= 1.5×10 3 Vs / m的关系,其中tCTL表示 电荷载流子传输层和μCTL表示电荷载流子传输层的电荷迁移率。
摘要:
Proposed is a cutting wheel bladed on the outer periphery of a base wheel with abrasive particles, e.g., particles of diamond and cubic boron nitride, suitable for cutting of a hard and brittle material such as a sintered block of a rare earth-based magnet alloy with good cutting accuracy and low material loss by cutting. The cutting wheel is an integral disk body consisting of a base wheel of a relatively small thickness made from a cemented metal carbide, e.g., tungsten carbide particles cemented with metallic cobalt, instead of conventional steel materials and a cutting blade formed on the outer periphery of the base wheel which contains from 10 to 80% by volume of the abrasive particles having a specified average particle diameter.
摘要:
An eyeball observing device comprising an illuminating optical system for illuminating a portin to be examined; a photographing optical system comprising an object lens group equipped with a transparent body which is designed to be in contact with the eyeball and an imaging lens group, the system allowing the image beams coming from the portion to be examined to reach an imaging surface; and a motion picture camera, wherein an ultrasonic oscillator for detecting the position of the examined eye is mounted on the transparent body. The device can provide a clear image of a desired portion of an eyeball quickly.
摘要:
An image display apparatus is disclosed which includes: an optical system including a light source and at least one projection lens; a display means for forming a display image, the display means including a non-luminescent display panel and a microlens array disposed on the light-incidence side of the display panel; and at least one projection lens for projecting the display image; wherein the display panel and the microlens array are combined with each other by means of an adhesive made of a transparent material. In cases where the microlens array is provided with color filters which are arranged so as to correspond to the microlenses of this array, the image display apparatus can provide a bright display of color images with an improved contrast. Moreover, when the display panel and the microlens array are combined with each other by means of an adhesive containing spacers, the image display apparatus has a high thermal reliability.
摘要:
A high dielectric polymeric optical recording medium for recording information by heating the portions of the recording medium corresponding to the information to be recorded by being exposed to a beam of light, followed by the application of a reverse electric field to the recording medium, thereby selectively reversing the polarity of the heated portions in the recording medium, is disclosed, which comprises a high dielectric polymeric recording layer containing a high dielectric polymeric composition comprising a high dielectric polymeric material and a nonionic dye serving as a light-absorption agent which is compatible with or dispersible in the high dielectric polymeric material.
摘要:
The present invention discloses a photovoltaic device comprising a portion containing three layers disposed between two electrodes, at least one of which is light transmittable; wherein said three layers consist of a first layer of organic electron acceptor material, a second layer of organic electron donor material and a third layer of organic electron donor material different from the material of the second layer; or a first layer of organic electron donor material, a second layer of organic electron acceptor material and a third layer of organic electron acceptor material different from the acceptor material of the second layer, the sequence of the three layers being counted from a light incident side; and the device having a high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes a first developing device for forming a first toner image and a second developing device for forming a second toner image including a developer carrying member spaced apart from the image bearing member by a distance and a device for applying a developing bias voltage to form an electric field having a maximum voltage Vmax and a minimum voltage Vmin, such that when the first developer is positively charged,.vertline.Vmin-V.sub.T .vertline./d.ltoreq.2.25, or when the first developer is negatively charged,.vertline.Vmax-V.sub.T .vertline./d.ltoreq.2.25,where V.sub.T (V) is a potential of a first toner image immediately before formation of the second toner image after the first latent image is subjected to the charger, the potential of the first toner image being a surface potential of the first toner image under existence of the first latent image.
摘要翻译:图像形成装置包括用于形成第一调色剂图像的第一显影装置和用于形成第二调色剂图像的第二显影装置,所述第二显影装置包括与图像承载部件间隔一定距离的显影剂承载部件和用于施加显影偏压的装置 以形成具有最大电压Vmax和最小电压Vmin的电场,使得当第一显影剂为正电荷时,| Vmin-VT| / d <2.25,或当第一显影剂带负电时,| Vmax- VT / D = 2.25,其中VT(V)是在第一潜像经受充电器之后紧接着形成第二调色剂图像之前的第一调色剂图像的电位,第一调色剂图像的电位为 存在第一潜像的第一调色剂图像的表面电位。
摘要:
A copying method for producing duplicates of an original of at least two colors by using a composite photosensitive member including more than two photosensitive layers, wherein the photosensitive member is subjected to charging more than twice and exposed to an optical image of the original more than once by changing charging and exposing conditions, to vary charge carried on the surface and in the interior of the photosensitive member. This causes two types of electrostatic image to be formed on the surface of the photosensitive member; one type includes image regions having a positive surface potential, a negative surface potential and a substantially zero surface potential respectively and the other type includes two image regions having different surface potentials of same polarity respectively, and one image regions of substantially zero surface potential, depending on differences in color between image regions of the original corresponding to the image regions on the photosensitive member. By suitably selecting charging and exposing conditions, it is possible to selectively carry out, by using a single copying apparatus, a copying mode in which duplicates are produced in several colors, a copying mode in which duplicates are produced in one color and a copying mode in which image regions of one color are erased.