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    Methods and apparatus for beam shaping in optical wireless communications system
    1.
    发明授权
    Methods and apparatus for beam shaping in optical wireless communications system 失效
    光无线通信系统中光束整形的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US06909854B1

    公开(公告)日：2005-06-21

    申请号：US09650927

    申请日：2000-08-29

    申请人： Norbert Kleiner ,  Diana C. Chen ,  James W. Bishop, Jr.

    发明人： Norbert Kleiner ,  Diana C. Chen ,  James W. Bishop, Jr.

    IPC分类号： H04B10/00 ,  H04B10/04 ,  H04B10/10

    CPC分类号： H04B10/1121

    摘要： An optical wireless communications system (1) comprises a server or transceiver hub (6) transmitting and/or receiving optical communications with geographically dispersed subscriber units (8) via optical beams. The transceiver hub (6) transmits a beam pattern that has an efficient, rectangular, flat-topped far field optical profile, thus permitting less complex and less expensive transceiver equipment to be employed in the transceiver hub (6) and in the subscriber units (8). In one embodiment, the transceiver hub (6) comprises an optical source (52, FIG. 3), an asymmetrical lens such as a cylindrical lens (60, FIG. 3), and a diffraction element such as a diffractive phase plate (65, FIG. 3). Various methods of shaping an optical transmission profile are also described.

    摘要翻译： 光无线通信系统（1）包括服务器或收发器集线器（6），其经由光束发送和/或接收与地理上分散的用户单元（8）的光通信。 收发机集线器（6）发射具有有效的，矩形的，平顶的远场光学轮廓的波束图案，因此允许在收发机集线器（6）和用户单元（6）中使用较不复杂和较便宜的收发机设备 8）。 在一个实施例中，收发器集线器（6）包括光源（图3中的52），诸如柱面透镜（图3中的60）的不对称透镜以及诸如衍射相位板（65）的衍射元件 ，图3）。 还描述了形成光传输轮廓的各种方法。

    Satellite traffic reporting system and methods
    2.
    发明授权
    Satellite traffic reporting system and methods 失效
    卫星交通报告系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US5862244A

    公开(公告)日：1999-01-19

    申请号：US502039

    申请日：1995-07-13

    申请人： Norbert Kleiner ,  Thomas Peter Emmons, Jr. ,  David Charles Homeyer

    发明人： Norbert Kleiner ,  Thomas Peter Emmons, Jr. ,  David Charles Homeyer

    IPC分类号： G01C21/34 ,  G08G1/01 ,  G08G1/0967 ,  G08G1/0968 ,  G06K9/64

    CPC分类号： G08G1/096872 ,  G01C21/3492 ,  G08G1/0104 ,  G08G1/096716 ,  G08G1/096741 ,  G08G1/096783 ,  G08G1/096791 ,  G08G1/096827 ,  G08G1/096838 ,  G08G1/096844

    摘要： With a constellation of low-earth orbiting satellites, instantaneous photographs of all large cities can be made available in real-time or near real-time. Those photographs can be downloaded to ground stations, and there photographically interpreted to determine traffic conditions. The use of high and low photographic resolution permit making distinctions between different causes of traffic conditions. A color-coded map may be generated showing all major roads and their current status, showing such conditions as light traffic, medium traffic, heavy traffic and traffic accidents or jams, for example. These color-coded maps or color-coded alphabetized lists of streets may be broadcast to subscribers (broadcast stations, companies or individuals). From the color-coded traffic report, the subscribers are updated about which routes to avoid and what the best detours are around the more congested areas.

    摘要翻译： 随着地球轨道卫星的星座，所有大城市的即时照片可以实时或近实时地提供。 这些照片可以下载到地面站，并照片解释确定交通状况。 使用高低摄影分辨率允许区分交通状况的不同原因。 可能会生成一个颜色编码的地图，显示所有主要道路及其当前状态，例如显示轻型交通，中型交通，交通繁忙和交通事故或果酱等状况。 这些颜色编码的地图或颜色编码的按字母顺序列出的街道可以广播给订户（广播电台，公司或个人）。 从颜色编码的流量报告中，订阅者将更新哪些路由可以避免，以及在更拥挤的区域周围最好的弯路。

    Cohesive zone boundary detector
    3.
    发明授权
    Cohesive zone boundary detector 失效
    连接区域边界检测器

    公开(公告)号：US3679830A

    公开(公告)日：1972-07-25

    申请号：US3679830D

    申请日：1970-05-11

    申请人： MALCOLM R UFFELMAN ,  RICHARD E WILLIAMS ,  NORBERT KLEINER

    发明人： UFFELMAN MALCOLM R ,  WILLIAMS RICHARD E ,  KLEINER NORBERT

    IPC分类号： G10L15/04 ,  G10L25/87 ,  G10L1/02

    CPC分类号： G10L15/04 ,  G10L25/87

    摘要： A speech segmenting device having a set of detectors which are activated by various combinations of energy distribution relative to a frequency scale such that continuous speech can be divided into repeatable patterns for use in a speech recognition process. These patterns called cohesive zones are naturally occuring segments or components of speech which are repeatable from speaker to speaker.

    摘要翻译： 一种具有一组检测器的语音分割装置，它们通过相对于频率比例的能量分布的各种组合来激活，使得连续语音可以被划分成用于语音识别过程的可重复模式。 这些被称为内聚区的图案是自然地发生从扬声器到扬声器可重复的段或语音组件。

    Optical interconnect method and apparatus
    5.
    发明授权
    Optical interconnect method and apparatus 有权
    光互连方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US06367989B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-04-09

    申请号：US09575514

    申请日：2000-05-22

    申请人： Davis Howard Hartman ,  Norbert Kleiner ,  Douglas Roy Tomren ,  Keith Vaclav Warble

    发明人： Davis Howard Hartman ,  Norbert Kleiner ,  Douglas Roy Tomren ,  Keith Vaclav Warble

    IPC分类号： G02B636

    CPC分类号： H04B10/801 ,  G02B6/06 ,  G02B6/4249 ,  G02B6/43

    摘要： An optical interconnect system (100) includes an array of optical sources (102), a high-density fiber bundle (110), and an array of optical receivers (150). The density of the fiber bundle is such that each optical source (104) couples light to multiple fibers within the bundle. The fiber bundle has a consistent cross section along its length so that the footprint of fibers (306, FIG. 3) illuminated by a spot (304) from an optical source illuminates a similar footprint (404, FIG. 4) over the optical receivers (406). The optical receiver array has a density of optical receivers such that the footprint of fibers corresponding to a single optical source illuminates at least one optical receiver. A method (600, FIG. 6) for creating optical source/receiver pairs excites each optical source in turn and detects energy at the optical receiver array.

    摘要翻译： 光学互连系统（100）包括光源阵列（102），高密度光纤束（110）和光接收器阵列（150）。 纤维束的密度使得每个光源（104）将光耦合到束内的多个纤维。 纤维束沿着其长度具有一致的横截面，使得由光源照射点（304）的光纤（306，图3）的覆盖区通过光接收器照射类似的覆盖区域（404，图4） （406）。 光接收器阵列具有光接收器的密度，使得对应于单个光源的光纤的覆盖区照亮至少一个光接收器。 用于产生光源/接收器对的方法（600，图6）依次激发每个光源并且检测光接收器阵列处的能量。

    Communications network utilizing transmitter and channel diversity to mitigate path impairments
    8.
    发明授权
    Communications network utilizing transmitter and channel diversity to mitigate path impairments 失效
    通信网络利用发射机和信道分集来减轻路径损伤

    公开(公告)号：US06847997B1

    公开(公告)日：2005-01-25

    申请号：US09553232

    申请日：2000-04-19

    申请人： Norbert Kleiner

    发明人： Norbert Kleiner

    IPC分类号： G06F15/173 ,  H04B7/02 ,  H04W24/02 ,  H04W72/08

    CPC分类号： H04W72/085 ,  H04B7/022 ,  H04W24/02 ,  H04W24/10 ,  H04W76/10

    摘要： Communications path impairments are mitigated within a wireless communications system (10) comprising fixed, mobile, and portable subscriber units (SUs 1-N), server nodes (S1-SN), and a network operations center (NOC 2). Each SU can be served by at least two different server nodes, each communicating over a different channel. The SUs and/or the server nodes periodically evaluate the quality of the SU communications links and determine the link having optimum quality. The SU or the server node informs the NOC of the determination. Subsequent communications with the SU during the period are conducted using the optimum communications link. In the event of a temporary path impairment, an alternate communications link is promptly established to maintain uninterrupted communications with the SU. In another embodiment, the NOC performs the quality evaluation and/or determines the optimum communications link to the SU. The NOC communicates with the server nodes over separate communications links.

    摘要翻译： 在包括固定，移动和便携式用户单元（SU 1-N），服务器节点（S1-SN）和网络操作中心（NOC 2）的无线通信系统（10）内减轻了通信路径损伤。 每个SU可由至少两个不同的服务器节点服务，每个服务器节点通过不同的信道进行通信。 SU和/或服务器节点周期性地评估SU通信链路的质量并确定具有最佳质量的链路。 SU或服务器节点通知NOC确定。 在此期间与SU的后续通信是使用最佳通信链路进行的。 在发生临时路径损害的情况下，立即建立备用通信链路，以保持与SU的不间断通信。 在另一个实施例中，NOC执行质量评估和/或确定到SU的最佳通信链路。 NOC通过单独的通信链路与服务器节点进行通信。

    Laser crosslink methods and apparatus
    9.
    发明授权
    Laser crosslink methods and apparatus 失效
    激光交联方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US06839519B1

    公开(公告)日：2005-01-04

    申请号：US09675629

    申请日：2000-09-29

    申请人： Norbert Kleiner ,  Douglas Roy Tomren ,  Davis Howard Hartman ,  Keith Vaclav Warble

    发明人： Norbert Kleiner ,  Douglas Roy Tomren ,  Davis Howard Hartman ,  Keith Vaclav Warble

    IPC分类号： H04B10/118 ,  H04B10/00

    CPC分类号： H04B10/118

    摘要： A laser crosslink apparatus includes an optical device (212, FIG. 5), a beam splitter (512), an acquisition channel and a tracking and communication channel. The acquisition channel includes a high density optical fiber bundle and an acquisition channel device (510). The optical device (212) receives laser light from a wide field of view, and the beam splitter (512) splits the light into the two channels. The high density optical fiber bundle (204) has one end (206) in a focal plane of the optical device, and another end (208) coupled to the acquisition channel device (510). The acquisition channel device (510) includes an optical receiver array (400, FIG. 4). The location of spot footprints on the optical receiver array determines the direction from which the laser light is received within the wide field of view. The optical fiber bundle allows the optical receiver array to be located away from the optical device, near the receiving/tracking system, where it can be more easily shielded from the harmful effects of space.

    摘要翻译： 激光交联装置包括光学装置（图5中的212），分束器（512），采集通道以及跟踪和通信信道。 采集通道包括高密度光纤束和采集通道装置（510）。 光学装置（212）从宽视野接收激光，分束器（512）将光分成两个通道。 高密度光纤束（204）在光学装置的焦平面中具有一端（206），耦合到采集通道装置（510）的另一端（208）。 采集通道设备（510）包括光接收器阵列（图4中的400）。 光接收器阵列上的斑点位置决定了在宽视野范围内接收激光的方向。 光纤束允许光接收器阵列远离接收/跟踪系统附近的光学装置，其中可以更容易地屏蔽来自空间的有害影响。

    Method and apparatus for simplex delivery of signals to obstructed geographical areas
    10.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for simplex delivery of signals to obstructed geographical areas 失效
    将信号单向传输到阻塞的地理区域的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US5784028A

    公开(公告)日：1998-07-21

    申请号：US670309

    申请日：1996-06-27

    申请人： David Warren Corman ,  Bary Robert Bertiger ,  Dean Lawrence Cook ,  Norbert Kleiner ,  Kristine Patricia Maine

    发明人： David Warren Corman ,  Bary Robert Bertiger ,  Dean Lawrence Cook ,  Norbert Kleiner ,  Kristine Patricia Maine

    IPC分类号： G01S5/00 ,  G01S5/14 ,  G01S19/46 ,  H04B7/185 ,  G01S5/02

    CPC分类号： G01S19/11 ,  G01S5/0273 ,  H04B7/18552

    摘要： A system (10) and method delivers simplex signals (26, 28) to a communication unit (24) located within an area (20) (e.g., a building) where an obstruction exists between the signal transmitter (12, 18) and the communication unit (24). The system (10) uses an infrastructure retransmission apparatus (14, 16, 22) to receive (204, 304, 402, 404) the signals (26, 28) and retransmit (208, 310, 410) them within the area (20). Geolocation signals (26) from navigation satellites (12) can be retransmitted (208, 310) using the infrastructure retransmission apparatus (14, 16, 22), thus enabling a communication unit (24) located within an obstructed area (20) to calculate its position.

    摘要翻译： 系统（10）和方法向位于信号发射器（12,18）和信号发射器（12,18）之间存在障碍物的区域（例如，建筑物）内的通信单元（24）传送单工信号（26,28） 通信单元（24）。 系统（10）使用基础设施重传装置（14,16,22）来接收（204,304,402,404）信号（26,28）并在区域（20）内重传（208,310,410）它们 ）。 可以使用基础设施重传装置（14,16,22）重传来自导航卫星（12）的地理位置信号（26）（208,310），从而使位于阻塞区域（20）内的通信单元（24）能够计算 其立场