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    IMPLEMENTING SPIN-TORQUE OSCILLATOR SENSING WITH ENHANCED INTEGRATED DEMODULATOR FOR HARD DISK DRIVES
    1.
    发明申请
    IMPLEMENTING SPIN-TORQUE OSCILLATOR SENSING WITH ENHANCED INTEGRATED DEMODULATOR FOR HARD DISK DRIVES 有权
    用于硬盘驱动器的增强型集成式解调器实现旋转振动振荡器感应

    公开(公告)号：US20130148224A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-06-13

    申请号：US13316419

    申请日：2011-12-09

    申请人： Patrick Mesquita Braganca ,  Richard Leo Galbraith ,  Bruce Alvin Gurney ,  Neil Smith ,  Bruce Wilson ,  Rehan Ahmed Zakai

    发明人： Patrick Mesquita Braganca ,  Richard Leo Galbraith ,  Bruce Alvin Gurney ,  Neil Smith ,  Bruce Wilson ,  Rehan Ahmed Zakai

    IPC分类号： G11B20/06

    CPC分类号： H03D3/009 ,  G11B20/10018 ,  G11B20/10027 ,  G11B2220/2516

    摘要： A method, apparatus, and system are provided for implementing spin-torque oscillator sensing with an enhanced integrated demodulator for hard disk drives. The demodulator receives an input signal from a STO read sensor having an oscillation frequency ω related to the strength of the detected magnetic signal field. The demodulator includes a pair of mixers coupled to a quadrature reference oscillator with respective quadrature components cos(ω0t), and sin(ω0t) of the quadrature reference oscillator being mixed with a received input signal to form signals at the sum and difference frequencies, ω±ω0. Each of these mixer products is lowpass filtered by a respective a lowpass filter to remove the sum frequency components for providing a demodulator output signal that is directly proportional the STO oscillation frequency ω. The demodulator output signal is used for processing by data detection electronics.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于通过用于硬盘驱动器的增强型集成解调器来实现自旋扭矩振荡器感测的方法，装置和系统。 解调器接收来自具有与所检测的磁信号场的强度相关的振荡频率ω的STO读取传感器的输入信号。 解调器包括耦合到具有相应正交分量cos（ωωt）的正交参考振荡器的正交参考振荡器对，并且正交基准振荡器的sin（ω0t）与接收的输入信号混合以形成和频率和差频率ω ±omega0。 这些混频器产品中的每一个由相应的低通滤波器进行低通滤波，以去除和频分量，以提供与STO振荡频率ω直接成比例的解调器输出信号。 解调器输出信号用于数据检测电子设备的处理。

    THREE-TERMINAL SPIN-TORQUE OSCILLATOR (STO)
    3.
    发明申请
    THREE-TERMINAL SPIN-TORQUE OSCILLATOR (STO) 有权
    三端旋转振荡器（STO）

    公开(公告)号：US20120307404A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-12-06

    申请号：US13149419

    申请日：2011-05-31

    申请人： Patrick Mesquita Braganca ,  Bruce Alvin Gurney ,  Jordan Asher Katine

    发明人： Patrick Mesquita Braganca ,  Bruce Alvin Gurney ,  Jordan Asher Katine

    IPC分类号： G11B5/48 ,  H03B7/14

    CPC分类号： H01F10/3254 ,  G01R33/098 ,  G01R33/1284 ,  G11B5/3903 ,  G11B2005/0005 ,  H01F10/1936 ,  H01F10/3286 ,  H01F10/329 ,  H01L43/08

    摘要： A spin-torque oscillator (STO) has a single free ferromagnetic layer that forms part of both a giant magnetoresistance (GMR) structure with a nonmagnetic conductive spacer layer and a tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) structure with a tunnel barrier layer. The STO has three electrical terminals that connect to electrical circuitry that provides a spin-torque excitation current through the conductive spacer layer and a lesser sense current through the tunnel barrier layer. When the STO is used as a magnetic field sensor, the excitation current causes the magnetization of the free layer to oscillate at a fixed base frequency in the absence of an external magnetic field. A detector coupled to the sense current detects shifts in the free layer magnetization oscillation frequency from the base frequency in response to external magnetic fields.

    摘要翻译： 自旋转矩振荡器（STO）具有单个自由铁磁层，其形成具有非磁性导电间隔层的巨磁电阻（GMR）结构和具有隧道势垒层的隧道磁阻（TMR）结构的一部分。 STO具有三个电气端子，其连接到通过导电间隔层提供自旋转矩激励电流的电路和通过隧道势垒层的较小感测电流。 当STO用作磁场传感器时，激励电流使得自由层的磁化在没有外部磁场的情况下以固定的基频振荡。 耦合到感测电流的检测器响应于外部磁场检测自由层磁化振荡频率从基极频率的偏移。

    THERMAGNONIC SPIN-TORQUE OSCILLATOR(STO) AND SENSOR UTILIZING SAME TO DETECT SHIFTS IN THE FREE LAYER MAGNETIZATION OSCILLATION FREQUENCY
    4.
    发明申请
    THERMAGNONIC SPIN-TORQUE OSCILLATOR(STO) AND SENSOR UTILIZING SAME TO DETECT SHIFTS IN THE FREE LAYER MAGNETIZATION OSCILLATION FREQUENCY 有权
    THERMAGNONIC旋转扭矩振荡器（STO）和传感器用于在自由层磁化振荡频率中检测位移

    公开(公告)号：US20130063841A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-03-14

    申请号：US13228429

    申请日：2011-09-08

    申请人： Patrick Mesquita Braganca ,  Bruce Alvin Gurney

    发明人： Patrick Mesquita Braganca ,  Bruce Alvin Gurney

    IPC分类号： H01L29/82 ,  G11B5/48

    CPC分类号： G01R33/093 ,  G01R33/098 ,  G01R33/1284 ,  G11B5/3903 ,  G11B2005/0002

    摘要： A “thermagnonic” spin-torque oscillator (STO) uses heat flow alone to cause the spin-torque (ST) effect and generate the persistent oscillation of the free layer magnetization. In addition to the conventional free and reference layers, the thermagnonic STO also includes a magnetic oxide layer having a fixed in-plane magnetization, a ferromagnetic metallic layer on one surface of the magnetic oxide layer, a nonmagnetic electrically conductive layer between the free layer and the metallic layer, and an electrically resistive heater on the other surface of the magnetic oxide layer. Due to the thermagnonic effect, heat flow from the magnetic oxide layer through the metallic layer, conductive layer and free layer ultimately results in a spin transfer torque (STT) to the free layer. Electrical sense current flowing in the opposite direction as the heat flow is used to monitor the frequency of oscillation of the free layer magnetization.

    摘要翻译： 热电偶自旋转矩振荡器（STO）单独使用热流引起自旋转矩（ST）效应，并产生自由层磁化的持续振荡。 除了常规的自由和参考层之外，热电偶STO还包括具有固定的平面内磁化的磁性氧化物层，在磁性氧化物层的一个表面上的强磁性金属层，在自由层和自由层之间的非磁性导电层 所述金属层和所述磁性氧化物层的另一个表面上的电阻加热器。 由于热电偶效应，从氧化物层通过金属层，导电层和自由层的热流最终导致自由层的自旋转移扭矩（STT）。 与热流相反的方向流动的电感电流用于监测自由层磁化的振荡频率。

    SPIN-TORQUE OSCILLATOR (STO) WITH MAGNETICALLY DAMPED FREE LAYER
    5.
    发明申请
    SPIN-TORQUE OSCILLATOR (STO) WITH MAGNETICALLY DAMPED FREE LAYER 有权
    旋转扭矩振荡器（STO），具有无磁阻的自由层

    公开(公告)号：US20130009712A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-01-10

    申请号：US13176378

    申请日：2011-07-05

    申请人： Patrick Mesquita Braganca ,  Bruce Alvin Gurney

    发明人： Patrick Mesquita Braganca ,  Bruce Alvin Gurney

    IPC分类号： H01S1/02

    CPC分类号： G11B5/3932 ,  G01R33/093 ,  G01R33/1284 ,  G11B5/3903 ,  G11B2005/0005 ,  H03B28/00

    摘要： A spin-torque oscillator (STO) has increased magnetic damping of the oscillating free ferromagnetic layer. The Gilbert magnetic damping parameter (a) is at least 0.05, and preferably greater than 0.05. The free layer may be a any type of conventional ferromagnetic material, but contains one or more damping elements as a dopant. The damping element is selected from the group consisting of Pt, Pd and the 15 lanthanide elements. The free layer damping may also be increased by a damping layer adjacent the free layer. One type of damping layer may be an antiferromagnetic material, like a Mn alloy. As a modification to the antiferromagnetic damping layer, a bilayer damping layer may be formed of the antiferromagnetic layer and a nonmagnetic metal electrically conductive separation layer between the free layer and the antiferromagnetic layer. Another type of damping layer may be one formed of one or more of the elements selected from Pt, Pd and the lanthanides.

    摘要翻译： 自旋转矩振荡器（STO）增加了振荡自由铁磁层的磁阻尼。 吉尔伯特磁阻尼参数（a）至少为0.05，优选大于0.05。 自由层可以是任何类型的常规铁磁材料，但是包含作为掺杂剂的一个或多个阻尼元件。 阻尼元件选自Pt，Pd和15镧系元素。 自由层阻尼也可以通过与自由层相邻的阻尼层来增加。 一种类型的阻尼层可以是反铁磁材料，如Mn合金。 作为反铁磁阻尼层的修改，双层阻尼层可以由反铁磁层和自由层与反铁磁性层之间的非磁性金属导电分离层形成。 另一种类型的阻尼层可以是由选自Pt，Pd和镧系元素中的一种或多种元素形成的阻尼层。

    Implementing spin-torque oscillator sensing with enhanced integrated demodulator for hard disk drives
    6.
    发明授权
    Implementing spin-torque oscillator sensing with enhanced integrated demodulator for hard disk drives 有权
    通过增强的集成解调器实现用于硬盘驱动器的自旋扭矩振荡器感应

    公开(公告)号：US08570677B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-10-29

    申请号：US13316419

    申请日：2011-12-09

    申请人： Patrick Mesquita Braganca ,  Richard Leo Galbraith ,  Bruce Alvin Gurney ,  Neil Smith ,  Bruce Wilson ,  Rehan Ahmed Zakai

    发明人： Patrick Mesquita Braganca ,  Richard Leo Galbraith ,  Bruce Alvin Gurney ,  Neil Smith ,  Bruce Wilson ,  Rehan Ahmed Zakai

    IPC分类号： G11B20/06 ,  G11B5/02 ,  G11B21/02

    CPC分类号： H03D3/009 ,  G11B20/10018 ,  G11B20/10027 ,  G11B2220/2516

    摘要： A method, apparatus, and system are provided for implementing spin-torque oscillator sensing with an enhanced integrated demodulator for hard disk drives. The demodulator receives an input signal from a STO read sensor having an oscillation frequency ω related to the strength of the detected magnetic signal field. The demodulator includes a pair of mixers coupled to a quadrature reference oscillator with respective quadrature components cos(ω0t), and sin(ω0t) of the quadrature reference oscillator being mixed with a received input signal to form signals at the sum and difference frequencies, ω±ω0. Each of these mixer products is lowpass filtered by a respective a lowpass filter to remove the sum frequency components for providing a demodulator output signal that is directly proportional the STO oscillation frequency ω. The demodulator output signal is used for processing by data detection electronics.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于通过用于硬盘驱动器的增强型集成解调器来实现自旋扭矩振荡器感测的方法，装置和系统。 解调器接收来自具有与所检测的磁信号场的强度相关的振荡频率ω的STO读取传感器的输入信号。 解调器包括耦合到具有相应正交分量cos（ωωt）的正交参考振荡器的正交参考振荡器对，并且正交基准振荡器的sin（ω0t）与接收的输入信号混合以形成和频率和差频率ω ±omega0。 这些混频器产品中的每一个由相应的低通滤波器进行低通滤波，以去除和频分量，以提供与STO振荡频率ω直接成比例的解调器输出信号。 解调器输出信号用于数据检测电子设备的处理。

    Thermagnonic spin-torque oscillator(STO) and sensor utilizing same to detect shifts in the free layer magnetization oscillation frequency
    8.
    发明授权
    Thermagnonic spin-torque oscillator(STO) and sensor utilizing same to detect shifts in the free layer magnetization oscillation frequency 有权
    热电偶自旋扭矩振荡器（STO）和传感器利用它来检测自由层磁化振荡频率的偏移

    公开(公告)号：US08379352B1

    公开(公告)日：2013-02-19

    申请号：US13228429

    申请日：2011-09-08

    申请人： Patrick Mesquita Braganca ,  Bruce Alvin Gurney

    发明人： Patrick Mesquita Braganca ,  Bruce Alvin Gurney

    IPC分类号： G11B5/39 ,  G11C11/14

    CPC分类号： G01R33/093 ,  G01R33/098 ,  G01R33/1284 ,  G11B5/3903 ,  G11B2005/0002

    摘要： A “thermagnonic” spin-torque oscillator (STO) uses heat flow alone to cause the spin-torque (ST) effect and generate the persistent oscillation of the free layer magnetization. In addition to the conventional free and reference layers, the thermagnonic STO also includes a magnetic oxide layer having a fixed in-plane magnetization, a ferromagnetic metallic layer on one surface of the magnetic oxide layer, a nonmagnetic electrically conductive layer between the free layer and the metallic layer, and an electrically resistive heater on the other surface of the magnetic oxide layer. Due to the thermagnonic effect, heat flow from the magnetic oxide layer through the metallic layer, conductive layer and free layer ultimately results in a spin transfer torque (STT) to the free layer. Electrical sense current flowing in the opposite direction as the heat flow is used to monitor the frequency of oscillation of the free layer magnetization.

    摘要翻译： 热电偶自旋转矩振荡器（STO）单独使用热流引起自旋转矩（ST）效应，并产生自由层磁化的持续振荡。 除了常规的自由和参考层之外，热电偶STO还包括具有固定的平面内磁化的磁性氧化物层，在磁性氧化物层的一个表面上的强磁性金属层，在自由层和自由层之间的非磁性导电层 所述金属层和所述磁性氧化物层的另一个表面上的电阻加热器。 由于热电偶效应，从氧化物层通过金属层，导电层和自由层的热流最终导致自由层的自旋转移扭矩（STT）。 与热流相反的方向流动的电感电流用于监测自由层磁化的振荡频率。

    Spin torque oscillator sensor
    9.
    发明授权
    Spin torque oscillator sensor 有权
    旋转扭矩振荡器传感器

    公开(公告)号：US08259409B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-09-04

    申请号：US12492050

    申请日：2009-06-25

    申请人： Patrick Mesquita Braganca ,  Bruce Alvin Gurney ,  Bruce Alexander Wilson

    发明人： Patrick Mesquita Braganca ,  Bruce Alvin Gurney ,  Bruce Alexander Wilson

    IPC分类号： G11B5/33

    CPC分类号： G01R33/1284 ,  B82Y25/00 ,  G01R33/093 ,  G11B5/3903 ,  G11B2005/0016 ,  H01F10/3254 ,  H01F10/3268 ,  H01F10/3286 ,  H01F10/329 ,  H01L43/08

    摘要： A spin torque oscillation magnetoresistive sensor for measuring a magnetic field. The sensor uses a change in precessional oscillation frequency of a magnetization of a magnetic layer to determine the magnitude of a magnetic field. The sensor can include a magnetic free layer, a magnetic pinned layer and a non-magnetic layer sandwiched therebetween. Circuitry is connected with these layers to induce an electrical current through the layers. Spin polarization of electrons traveling through the device causes a spin torque induced precession of the magnetization of one or more of the layers. The frequency of this oscillation modulates in response to a magnetic field. The modulation of the oscillation frequency can be measured to detect the presence of the magnetic field, and determine its magnitude.

    摘要翻译： 用于测量磁场的自旋扭矩振荡磁阻传感器。 传感器使用磁性层的磁化的进动振荡频率的变化来确定磁场的大小。 传感器可以包括磁性自由层，磁性被钉扎层和夹在其间的非磁性层。 电路与这些层连接以引起电流通过层。 穿过器件的电子的旋转极化导致自旋转矩引起一个或多个层的磁化的进动。 该振荡的频率响应于磁场而调制。 可以测量振荡频率的调制以检测磁场的存在，并确定其幅度。