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    Techniques for infiltration of a powder metal skeleton by a similar alloy with melting point depressed
    1.
    发明授权
    Techniques for infiltration of a powder metal skeleton by a similar alloy with melting point depressed 有权
    通过熔点相似的合金浸入粉末金属骨架的技术

    公开(公告)号：US06719948B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-04-13

    申请号：US09863073

    申请日：2001-05-21

    申请人： Adam M. Lorenz ,  Emanuel M. Sachs ,  Samuel M. Allen

    发明人： Adam M. Lorenz ,  Emanuel M. Sachs ,  Samuel M. Allen

    IPC分类号： B22F326

    CPC分类号： B22F3/26 ,  B33Y80/00

    摘要： In infiltrating a porous metal skeleton an infiltrant composition is used similar to that of the powder skeleton, but with the addition of a melting point depressant. The infiltrant quickly fills the skeleton. As the melting point depressant diffuses into the base powder, the liquid may undergo diffusional solidification and the material eventually homogenizes. Maintaining the infiltrant at a liquidus composition for the infiltration temperature typically ensures that the bulk composition or properties will remain uniform throughout the part, particularly in the direction of infiltration. Success of such an infiltration is enhanced by effective means of maintaining the molten infiltrant at a liquidus composition. It is also beneficial, in some cases, for the time scale of the infiltration to be much faster than the time scale of the diffusion of the melting point depressant and the subsequent solidification and homogenization. The relative rates of infiltration and diffusion/solidification rate are significantly impacted by the choice of materials system. Other factors also influence these rates. They include: selection of powder size (diameter), shape, surface roughness, and size distribution, feeding liquid from different locations, liquid feeder channels, smoothing of the part surface with fine powder and affecting infiltrant fluid properties. Various material systems are also disclosed, as are methods of designing a process of infiltrating a part, including binary and ternary and higher component systems. Homogeneous composition may be achieved using these techniques, particularly along the direction of infiltration.

    摘要翻译： 在渗透多孔金属骨架时，使用类似于粉末骨架的浸润剂组合物，但加入了降低熔点的组合物。 渗透剂快速填满骨架。 当熔点降低剂扩散到基础粉末中时，液体可能经历扩散凝固，并且材料最终均匀化。 为了渗透温度将浸润剂维持在液相线组合物上通常确保整个组分或性质在整个部分，特别是在渗透方向上保持均匀。 通过将熔融浸润剂保持在液相组成的有效手段来增强这种浸渗的成功。 在某些情况下，渗透的时间尺度比熔点抑制剂的扩散时间尺度和随后的凝固和均化也快得多也是有益的。 渗透和扩散/凝固速率的相对速率受材料体系选择的影响很大。 其他因素也影响这些利率。 它们包括：选择粉末尺寸（直径），形状，表面粗糙度和尺寸分布，从不同位置输送液体，液体进料通道，用细粉进行部分表面的平滑处理并影响浸润液的性质。 还公开了各种材料系统，以及设计渗透部件的方法的方法，包括二元和三元和更高分量系统。 使用这些技术可以实现均匀组合，特别是沿渗透方向。

    Infiltrating a powder metal skeleton by a similar alloy with depressed melting point exploiting a persistent liquid phase at equilibrium, suitable for fabricating steel parts
    4.
    发明授权
    Infiltrating a powder metal skeleton by a similar alloy with depressed melting point exploiting a persistent liquid phase at equilibrium, suitable for fabricating steel parts 有权
    通过相似的合金渗透粉末金属骨架，熔点低于平衡时持续的液相，适用于制造钢件

    公开(公告)号：US07250134B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-07-31

    申请号：US10723989

    申请日：2003-11-26

    申请人： Brian D. Kernan ,  Emanuel M. Sachs ,  Samuel M. Allen ,  Adam M. Lorenz

    发明人： Brian D. Kernan ,  Emanuel M. Sachs ,  Samuel M. Allen ,  Adam M. Lorenz

    IPC分类号： B22F3/26

    CPC分类号： C22C38/18 ,  B33Y80/00 ,  C22C33/0242

    摘要： A steel powder metal skeleton is infiltrated with an infiltrant composition similar to the skeleton, with an additional agent that depresses the melting point of the infiltrant relative to the skeleton. Infiltration is driven primarily by capillary pressure. The powder and infiltrant compositions differ primarily only in a higher concentration of a melting point depressant agent “MPD” in the infiltrant. Carbon (C) and silicon (Si) and several other elements can be elements in an MPD, either alone or in combination. Certain steel target compositions are such that a complementary infiltrant, and skeleton can be chosen such that a skeleton will remain solid at an infiltration temperature at which the infiltrant can be melted and fully infiltrated, and further where there is a persistent two phase field, with a liquid phase that is large enough (greater than 7% vol, and typically between 20 and 40 vol %) so that flow can be maintained without choke off from diffusional solidification. The solid and the liquid phases remaining after any diffusional solidification have different compositions, with a bulk composition of the target. Typically the difference is slight, and the full part is substantially homogeneous. Heat treating, such as austenitizing, quenching, or slow cooling and tempering, can improve homogeneity and mechanical properties. The MPD can have a relatively high diffusivity and solubility in the skeleton. Methods of designing systems of target, skeleton and infiltrant compositions and infiltration temperature are disclosed.

    摘要翻译： 钢粉末金属骨架用类似于骨架的渗透剂组合物渗透，另外一种可以降低渗透剂相对于骨架的熔点的试剂。 渗透主要由毛细管压力驱动。 粉末和渗透剂组合物主要仅在浸润剂中较高浓度的熔点降低剂“MPD”。 碳（C）和硅（Si）等几种元素可以单独或组合使用在MPD中的元素。 某些钢靶组合物使得可以选择互补的浸润剂和骨架，使得骨架将在浸润剂可以熔化和完全渗透的浸润温度下保持固体，并且进一步存在持续的两相场，其中 足够大的液相（大于7体积％，通常在20和40体积％之间），从而可以保持流动而不会阻碍扩散凝固。 在任何扩散固化后残留的固体和液相具有不同的组成，具有靶的体积组成。 通常，差异很小，整个部分基本上是均匀的。 诸如奥氏体化，淬火或缓慢冷却和回火的热处理可以改善均匀性和机械性能。 MPD可以在骨架中具有相对较高的扩散性和溶解性。 公开了设计目标，骨架和浸润剂组合物系统的方法和浸润温度。