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公开(公告)号：US5139679A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-18
申请号：US840207
申请日：1992-02-24
申请人： Bingham Y. K. Pan , Teh F. Yen , Jau R. Chen
发明人： Bingham Y. K. Pan , Teh F. Yen , Jau R. Chen
CPC分类号： G21F9/14 , C02F1/32 , C02F1/722 , Y10S210/908 , Y10S210/912
摘要： Process for treating wastewater containing citric acid and triethanolaminend heavy metals by subjecting the wastewater to treatment with hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet light (UV) and in the presence of ferrous ion as catalyst, to substantially decompose the citric acid and the triethanolamine. Wastewater generated from ship bilge cleaning and containing up to 10% citric acid or up to 5% triethanolamine, or mixtures thereof, can thus be subjected to UV/H.sub.2 O.sub.2 treatment with ferrous ion in a concentration thereof of about 20 to about 100 ppm, without forming chelates of iron and other heavy metals with citric acid or with triethanolamine, to decompose up to 90% or more of the citric acid and triethanolamine.
摘要翻译： 通过使用过氧化氢和紫外线（UV）处理废水和在亚铁离子作为催化剂处理废水来处理含有柠檬酸和三乙醇胺和重金属的废水，以大致分解柠檬酸和三乙醇胺的方法。 因此，船舶舱底清洗产生的废水含有高达10％的柠檬酸或至多5％的三乙醇胺或其混合物，可以用浓度为约20至约100ppm的亚铁离子进行UV / H 2 O 2处理，没有 用柠檬酸或三乙醇胺形成铁和其他重金属的螯合物，以分解高达90％或更多的柠檬酸和三乙醇胺。
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公开(公告)号：US4124501A
公开(公告)日：1978-11-07
申请号：US821897
申请日：1977-08-04
申请人： Teh F. Yen , John E. Findley
发明人： Teh F. Yen , John E. Findley
CPC分类号： C02F3/345 , C02F3/30 , C05F7/005 , Y02W30/47 , Y10S423/17
摘要： Anaerobic bacteria, e.g., of the Desulfovibrio family, are added to oil shale retort water producing an increase in cell biomass and reducing sulfate ions present to sulfide. The cell biomass is aggregated into a flocculent mass and removed. The sulfide can be oxidized and recycled to neutralize the retort water. Oxidation of sulfide to sulfate can be accomplished by addition of aerobic bacteria, e.g., of the Thiobacillus family.
摘要翻译： 例如脱硫弧菌家族的厌氧菌被添加到油页岩蒸馏水中，产生细胞生物量的增加并减少存在于硫化物中的硫酸根离子。 将细胞生物量聚集成絮状团块并除去。 硫化物可以被氧化并再循环以中和蒸煮水。 硫化物氧化成硫酸盐可以通过添加好氧细菌，例如硫杆菌属家族来完成。
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公开(公告)号：US4765885A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-23
申请号：US59080
申请日：1987-06-08
申请人： Mohammad-Ali Sadeghi , Kazem Sadeghi , Jih-Fen Kuo , Long-Kuan Jang , Teh F. Yen
发明人： Mohammad-Ali Sadeghi , Kazem Sadeghi , Jih-Fen Kuo , Long-Kuan Jang , Teh F. Yen
IPC分类号： C10G1/04
摘要： Hydrocarbon liquids are recovered from carbonaceous materials such as tar sands utilizing a separation reagent formed in situ by reacting polar resin components of tar sands with an inorganic base such as sodium silicate in sonicated aqueous solution in absence of an organic solvent to form a surfactant. Under the influence of sonication a microemulsion of polar-external micelles forms.When tar sands are added to the sonicated separation reagent, the surfactant penetrates the bitumen. Metal ions complex with the polar groups and aid in removing the bitumen from the sand particles. The polar-organic asphaltene materials are carried into the aqueous phase by the anion and stabilized within the micelle structure. The lighter, non-polar hydrocarbon oil fraction separate from the emulsion and rise to the top and is recovered by skimming. The heavier asphaltenes and preasphaltenes complex with the polyvalent metals to form charcoal-like agglomerates which settle to the bottom of the treatment tank. The rate of separation of bitumen can be significantly increased by adding a small amount of a free radical initiator such as benzoyl peroxide to the separation reagent.
摘要翻译： 烃类液体是从含碳物质如沥青砂中回收的，利用在无有机溶剂的条件下，将超临界水溶液中的焦油砂的极性树脂成分与无机碱如硅酸钠在原位形成的分离剂一起回收，形成表面活性剂。 在超声处理的影响下，形成极性 - 外部胶束的微乳液。 当沥青砂添加到超声处理的分离试剂中时，表面活性剂渗透沥青。 金属离子与极性基团复合，有助于从砂粒中除去沥青。 极性有机沥青质材料通过阴离子运送到水相中并稳定在胶束结构内。 较轻的非极性烃油馏分与乳液分离并升至顶部，并通过撇去回收。 较重的沥青质和预沥青质与多价金属复合，形成沉淀到处理槽底部的类似炭的附聚物。 通过向分离试剂中加入少量的过氧化苯甲酰等自由基引发剂可以显着提高沥青的分离速度。
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公开(公告)号：US5017281A
公开(公告)日：1991-05-21
申请号：US358636
申请日：1989-05-30
申请人： Mohammad-Ali Sadeghi , Kazem Sadeghi , Jih-Fen Kuo , Long-Kuan Jang , Teh F. Yen
发明人： Mohammad-Ali Sadeghi , Kazem Sadeghi , Jih-Fen Kuo , Long-Kuan Jang , Teh F. Yen
CPC分类号： B01D11/0265 , C10G1/04 , C10G1/047
摘要： Hydrocarbon liquids are recovered from carbonaceous materials such as tar sands utilizing a separation reagent formed in situ by reacting polar resin components of tar sands with an inorganic base such as sodium silicate in sonicated aqueous solution in absence of an organic solvent to form a surfactant. Under the influence of sonication a microemulsion of polar-external micelles forms. The polar groups can associate with anions, especially polyanions such as silicate and act in a membrane mimetic manner to form vesicles. Cavities can form in the surfactant resin molecule that complex with guest cations such as titanium or other metals from the tar sand.When tar sands are added to the sonicated separation reagent, the surfactant penetrates the bitumen. Metal ions complex with the polar groups and aid in removing the bitument from the sand particles. The polarorganic asphaltene materials are carried into the aqueous phase by the anion and stabilized within the micelle structure. The lighter, non-polar hydrocarbon oil fraction separate from the emulsion and rise to the top and are recovered by skimming. The heavier asphaltenes and preasphaltenes complex with the polyvalent metals to form charcoal-like agglomerates which settle to the bottom of the treatment tank. The separation reagent forms during the reaction and can reach a concentration capable of dissolving bitumen. The separation reagent can be recovered and used in other processes after removal and recovery of the clay. The separation reagent must be substantially diluted after being recycled and reused to reduce solvation properties.
摘要翻译： 烃类液体是从含碳物质如沥青砂中回收的，利用在无有机溶剂的条件下，将超临界水溶液中的焦油砂的极性树脂成分与无机碱如硅酸钠在原位形成的分离剂一起回收，形成表面活性剂。 在超声处理的影响下，形成极性 - 外部胶束的微乳液。 极性基团可以与阴离子，特别是聚阴离子如硅酸盐结合，并以膜模拟方式起作用以形成囊泡。 可以在表面活性剂树脂分子中形成空穴，其与来自焦油砂的客体阳离子如钛或其它金属络合。 当沥青砂添加到超声处理的分离试剂中时，表面活性剂渗透沥青。 金属离子与极性基团复合，有助于从砂粒中除去废料。 极性有机沥青质材料通过阴离子进入水相并稳定在胶束结构内。 较轻的非极性烃油馏分与乳液分离并升至顶部，并通过撇去回收。 较重的沥青质和预沥青质与多价金属复合，形成沉淀到处理槽底部的类似炭的附聚物。 在反应过程中形成分离剂，并能达到能够溶解沥青的浓度。 在除去和回收粘土之后，分离试剂可以被回收并用于其它工艺中。 分离试剂在回收再利用后必须基本稀释，以降低溶剂化性能。
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公开(公告)号：US4232738A
公开(公告)日：1980-11-11
申请号：US958291
申请日：1978-11-06
申请人： Teh F. Yen , Paul A. Farmanian
发明人： Teh F. Yen , Paul A. Farmanian
CPC分类号： E21B43/40 , C09K8/584 , Y10S507/937 , Y10S516/06
摘要： Isolation of native petroleum surfactants for lowering interfacial tensions in aqueous-alkaline systems. Petroleum of the type having reduced interfacial tension with water at high pH is subjected to fractionation by distillation including distillation under vacuum in the temperature range of 100.degree.-200.degree. C. to recover a surfactant fraction of the petroleum distilled in that temperature range. The fraction can be further concentrated by removing benzene-soluble components to obtain an ether-soluble residue having a density greater than water. The fraction alone, mixed with petroleum, or enriched with the residue, or the residue mixed with petroleum, can be injected as a slug into a subterranean oil reservoir to enhance tertiary recovery by alkaline water flooding. The amenability of a reservoir for alkaline flooding can be determined by separating the native surfactant fraction and measuring its interfacial tension with water at the proposed alkalinity of the floodwater.
摘要翻译： 隔离含水碱性体系中天然石油表面活性剂降低界面张力。 在高pH下与水的界面张力降低的类型的石油通过蒸馏进行分馏，包括在100℃-200℃的真空下蒸馏，以回收在该温度范围内蒸馏的石油的表面活性剂级分。 可以通过除去苯可溶组分进一步浓缩馏分，得到密度大于水的醚溶性残余物。 与石油混合或富含残留物的馏分或与石油混合的残余物的馏分可以作为渣块注入地下储油室，以通过碱性水驱提高三级回收。 用于碱性淹水的储层的可调性可以通过分离天然表面活性剂级分并在建议的洪水碱度下测量其与水的界面张力来确定。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4773985A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-27
申请号：US723121
申请日：1985-04-12
摘要： Mesophase formation is optimized in graphite and coke precursors by a process which includes determining the values of critical chemical parameters for proposed precursors, modifying the precursors by adjusting such critical chemical parameters as oxygen content, aromaticity and functionality to within certain predetermined optimal limits and treating the resulting modified precursors to form mesophase. Oxygen content can be adjusted by oxidation or reduction of the precursor. Aromaticity can be adjusted by suitable heat treatment. Functionality can be adjusted by derivatization.
摘要翻译： 中间相形成在石墨和焦炭前体中通过包括确定所提出的前体的关键化学参数的值的方法进行了优化，通过将氧含量，芳香性和官能度的关键化学参数调整到某些预定的最优极限内来修饰前体，并处理 导致形成中间相的改性前体。 可以通过氧化还原前体来调节氧含量。 芳香度可以通过适当的热处理来调节。 功能可以通过衍生化进行调整。
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公开(公告)号：US4522265A
公开(公告)日：1985-06-11
申请号：US124167
申请日：1980-02-25
申请人： Teh F. Yen , Mankin Chan
发明人： Teh F. Yen , Mankin Chan
CPC分类号： C09K8/703
摘要： Oil shale, particularly shale having high organic content and/or shallow burial, is fractured by contact with an amino compound, exemplified by ammonia (NH.sub.3) and hydrazine (H.sub.2 NNH.sub.2).
摘要翻译： 油页岩，特别是具有高有机质含量和/或浅埋藏的页岩，通过与氨（NH 3）和肼（H 2 N NH 2）例示的氨基化合物接触而断裂。
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公开(公告)号：US4411816A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-25
申请号：US141760
申请日：1980-04-21
申请人： Teh F. Yen , Paul A. Farmanian
发明人： Teh F. Yen , Paul A. Farmanian
CPC分类号： C09K8/584 , E21B43/40 , Y10S507/936 , Y10S516/01 , Y10S516/07
摘要： Isolation of native petroleum surfactants for lowering interfacial tensions in aqeuous-alkaline systems. Petroleum of the type having reduced interfacial tension with water at high pH is subjected to fractionation by distillation including distillation under vacuum in the temperature range of 100.degree.-200.degree. C. to recover a surfactant fraction of the petroleum distilled in that temperature range. The fraction can be further concentrated by removing benzene-soluble components to obtain an ether-soluble residue having a density greater than water. The fraction alone, mixed with petroleum, or enriched with the residue, or the residue mixed with petroleum, can be injected as a slug into a subterranean oil reservoir to enhance tertiary recovery by alkaline water flooding. The amenability of a reservoir for alkaline flooding can be determined by separating the native surfactant fraction and measuring its interfacial tension with water at the proposed alkalinity of the floodwater.
摘要翻译： 天然石油表面活性剂的分离用于降低碱性系统中的界面张力。 在高pH下与水的界面张力降低的类型的石油通过蒸馏进行分馏，包括在100℃-200℃的真空下蒸馏，以回收在该温度范围内蒸馏的石油的表面活性剂级分。 可以通过除去苯可溶组分进一步浓缩馏分，得到密度大于水的醚溶性残余物。 与石油混合或富含残留物的馏分或与石油混合的残余物的馏分可以作为渣块注入地下储油室，以通过碱性水驱提高三级回收。 用于碱性淹水的储层的可调性可以通过分离天然表面活性剂级分并在建议的洪水碱度下测量其与水的界面张力来确定。
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