公开(公告)号：US20110306817A1

公开(公告)日：2011-12-15

申请号：US13142804

申请日：2009-12-23

申请人： Alain Ledoux ,  Jean-François Hollebecque

发明人： Alain Ledoux ,  Jean-François Hollebecque

IPC分类号： G21F9/16

CPC分类号： G21F9/14 ,  G21F9/305

摘要： A method for treating a nitric aqueous liquid effluent containing nitrates of metals or metalloids, comprising a step for calcination of the effluent in order to convert the nitrates of metals or metalloids into oxides of said metals or metalloids, at least one compound selected from the nitrates of metals or metalloids and the other compounds of the effluent leading upon calcination to a tacky oxide, and a dilution adjuvant leading upon calcination to a non-tacky oxide being added to the effluent prior to the calcination step, a method wherein the dilution adjuvant comprises aluminium nitrate and at least one nitrate selected from iron nitrate and rare earth nitrates.

摘要翻译： 一种用于处理含有金属或准金属的硝酸盐的硝酸含水液体流出物的方法，包括用于煅烧流出物的步骤，以将金属或准金属的硝酸盐转化成所述金属或准金属的氧化物，至少一种选自硝酸盐的化合物 的金属或准金属以及通过煅烧导致的粘性氧化物的其它流出物的化合物，以及在煅烧步骤之前将煅烧至非粘性氧化物加入到流出物中的稀释助剂，其中稀释助剂包含 硝酸铝和选自硝酸铁和稀土硝酸盐的至少一种硝酸盐。

公开(公告)号：US07731912B2

公开(公告)日：2010-06-08

申请号：US11855794

申请日：2007-09-14

申请人： Kenneth James Franklin ,  Andrew Donald Kettner ,  Bruce Wayne Hildebrandt ,  Howard Charles Jessup, Jr.

发明人： Kenneth James Franklin ,  Andrew Donald Kettner ,  Bruce Wayne Hildebrandt ,  Howard Charles Jessup, Jr.

IPC分类号： G21C1/00 ,  G21F9/14 ,  F23G7/00 ,  B01D1/22

CPC分类号： F23G7/008 ,  F23G2209/18 ,  G21F9/08 ,  G21F9/14 ,  Y10S159/12 ,  Y10S422/903

摘要： Disclosed herein is provided an evaporator/calciner in which hazardous materials, such as radioactive liquids, are converted into chemically stable, solid forms by evaporating, drying and calcination within a single vessel, that can then be sealed and used for long term storage.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了一种蒸发器/煅烧器，其中诸如放射性液体的危险物质通过在单个容器内蒸发，干燥和煅烧而转化为化学稳定的固体形式，然后可以将其密封并用于长期储存。

公开(公告)号：US5877225A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-02

申请号：US766995

申请日：1996-12-16

申请人： Klaus Blinn ,  Karl-Heinz Kleinschroth ,  Dietmar Bege

发明人： Klaus Blinn ,  Karl-Heinz Kleinschroth ,  Dietmar Bege

IPC分类号： B01J20/26 ,  B01D39/04 ,  B09B3/00 ,  B09B5/00 ,  G21F9/12 ,  G21F9/14 ,  G21F9/16 ,  G21F9/30 ,  C08J7/02 ,  G21F9/28 ,  G21F9/34

CPC分类号： G21F9/30 ,  G21F9/14

摘要： A method of reducing the volume of a mixture of filter fibers and a powder-form ion-exchange resin, produces a waste product that is particularly suitable for ultimate disposal. A solvent which dissolves the filter fibers is added to the mixture and a mixture which is thus formed is first dried and then given an additional heat treatment.

摘要翻译： 减少过滤纤维和粉末形式的离子交换树脂的混合物的体积的方法产生特别适用于最终处理的废物。 将溶解过滤纤维的溶剂加入到混合物中，并将由此形成的混合物首先干燥，然后进行额外的热处理。

公开(公告)号：US5414197A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-09

申请号：US254004

申请日：1994-06-03

申请人： Lillian D. Wakeley ,  Judy C. Tom ,  Melvin C. Sykes ,  William N. Brabston ,  Philip G. Malone

发明人： Lillian D. Wakeley ,  Judy C. Tom ,  Melvin C. Sykes ,  William N. Brabston ,  Philip G. Malone

IPC分类号： G21F9/14 ,  G21F9/30 ,  G21F9/00

CPC分类号： G21F9/307 ,  G21F9/14 ,  G21F9/304

摘要： A method of containing hazardous and toxic wastes includes the steps of irporating the dried waste, in a salt form, in melted polymer, such as asphalt, and forming the waste salt and asphalt blend into aggregate pellets. The pellets are coated with a powdered coating material that is compatible with a portland cement-based mortar or other cementitious material which is used. The coated particles are mixed with mortar to form a polymer-aggregate concrete and cast into wasteforms for storage or burial. If it is desirable to produce a waste form with a continuous layer of mortar on the exterior of the concrete monolith the mold can be placed on a turntable and spun, or otherwise exposed to a centrifugal force to force the mortar to the outside of the mold. Centrifugal separation is possible because the polymer-waste mixture typically has a specific gravity near 1.5 while that of the cementitious mixture is typically greater than 2.0.

摘要翻译： 含有危险和有毒废物的方法包括将干燥废物以盐形式混入熔融聚合物如沥青中并将废盐和沥青混合物形成骨料颗粒的步骤。 该粒料涂覆有与波特兰水泥基砂浆或所用其它胶结材料相容的粉末涂料。 将涂覆的颗粒与砂浆混合以形成聚合物 - 骨料混凝土并浇注成废物形式用于储存或埋置。 如果希望在混凝土整体的外部产生具有连续的砂浆层的废料，则可以将模具放置在转盘上并旋转或以其它方式暴露于离心力以迫使砂浆到模具的外部 。 离心分离是可能的，因为聚合物 - 废物混合物通常具有接近1.5的比重，而水泥混合物的比重通常大于2.0。

公开(公告)号：US5134946A

公开(公告)日：1992-08-04

申请号：US733338

申请日：1991-07-22

申请人： Gary N. Poovey

发明人： Gary N. Poovey

IPC分类号： A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/19 ,  A62D101/20 ,  A62D101/22 ,  A62D101/40 ,  A62D101/43 ,  C03C14/00 ,  G21F9/14

CPC分类号： A62D3/19 ,  B09C1/06 ,  C03C14/00 ,  G21F9/14 ,  A62D2101/20 ,  A62D2101/43 ,  A62D2203/10 ,  C03C2214/14

摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed wherein toxic and nuclear waste are pumped in a metered fashion or introduced through a sealing door into a plasma region. The plasma region is generated in a sealed chamber by a radio frequency plasma torch. In the plasma region the toxic waste is atomized and ionized. The recombining of the atomized and ionized molecules is managed in the sealed reaction chamber to yield environmentally neutral products. Encapsulation material that is either introduced into the process chamber with the waste or is resident in the process chamber encapsulates radioactive or heavy metal atoms in a glassy stone like material. This encapsulating renders the atoms environmentally neutral. The flow of material in and out of the reaction chamber are regulated carefully. The radio frequency power level is also carefully controlled. These controls insure the neutrality of the recombining products. The fluids exiting the chamber are filtered before release, to insure environmental neutrality.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种方法和装置，其中有毒和核废料以计量方式泵送或通过密封门引入等离子体区域。 通过射频等离子体焰炬在密封室中产生等离子体区域。 在等离子体区域，有毒废物被雾化并电离。 在密封的反应室中管理雾化和离子化分子的重组以产生环境中性的产物。 被引入到处理室中的废物或驻留在处理室中的封装材料将玻璃状石材中的放射性或重金属原子包裹起来。 这种封装使原子环境无中性。 反应室内外的物料流被仔细调节。 射频功率电平也经过仔细的控制。 这些控制措施确保重组产品的中立性。 离开室的流体在释放之前被过滤，以确保环境中立性。

公开(公告)号：US4877558A

公开(公告)日：1989-10-31

申请号：US43723

申请日：1987-04-29

申请人： Takayuki Morioka ,  Nobuyuki Motoyama ,  Hiroshi Hoshikawa ,  Takeo Takahashi ,  Sizuo Suzuki ,  Tuyoshi Ishikawa ,  Takanori Toyoshi ,  Toshio Uede

发明人： Takayuki Morioka ,  Nobuyuki Motoyama ,  Hiroshi Hoshikawa ,  Takeo Takahashi ,  Sizuo Suzuki ,  Tuyoshi Ishikawa ,  Takanori Toyoshi ,  Toshio Uede

IPC分类号： G21F9/30 ,  G21F9/00 ,  G21F9/14

CPC分类号： G21F9/14 ,  Y10S210/908

摘要： A method of oxidatively decomposing a radioactive ion-exchange resin is described, the method comprising oxidatively decomposing a radioactive ion-exchange resin containing an anion-exchange resin with hydrogen peroxide used as an oxidizing agent in the presence of iron and copper ions used as catalysts, wherein the weight ratio of hydrogen peroxide to the ion-exchange resin, that is the ratio of the net weight of hydrogen peroxide to the dry weight of the ion-exchange resin containing an anion-exchange resin, is held to be no higher than 17 and the pH of the reaction system is adjusted to be within the range of 0.5 to 6, or citric acid ions are preliminarily adsorbed on the radioactive ion-exchange resin before it is subjected to decomposition treatment or citric acid ions coexist with the radioactive ion-exchange resin in the oxidatively decomposing system, and an apparatus used for conducting the method is also described.

公开(公告)号：US4668435A

公开(公告)日：1987-05-26

申请号：US591778

申请日：1984-03-20

申请人： LeRoy F. Grantham

发明人： LeRoy F. Grantham

IPC分类号： G21F9/14 ,  G21F9/32

CPC分类号： G21F9/14 ,  G21F9/32

摘要： Wastes, in the form of liquids, solids and slurries, are converted to a mixture of a gas and an inorganic ash by introducing the waste as a finely atomized spray into a zone heated by means of a hot gas. Contact of the spray particles with the hot gas results in drying the waste and calcining and combusting the dried waste. The process is particularly useful with wastes containing hazardous materials such as radioactive substances.

摘要翻译： 将液体，固体和浆料形式的废物通过将废物作为精细雾化的喷雾引入到通过热气体加热的区域中而被转化为气体和无机灰分的混合物。 喷雾颗粒与热气体的接触导致干燥废物并煅烧和燃烧干燥的废物。 该过程对于含有有害物质（如放射性物质）的废物特别有用。

公开(公告)号：US4595528A

公开(公告)日：1986-06-17

申请号：US608739

申请日：1984-05-10

申请人： Wilbur O. Greenhalgh

发明人： Wilbur O. Greenhalgh

IPC分类号： G21F9/14 ,  G21F9/16 ,  C04B35/00

CPC分类号： G21F9/14

摘要： A method of immobilizing boric acid liquid wastes containing radionuclides by neutralizing the solution and evaporating the resulting precipitate to near dryness. The dry residue is then fused into a reduced volume, insoluble, inert, solid form containing substantially all the radionuclides.

摘要翻译： 通过中和溶液并将所得沉淀物蒸发至接近干燥的方式固定含有放射性核素的硼酸液体废物。 然后将干燥的残余物熔融成基本上含有所有放射性核素的减小体积，不溶性，惰性，固体形式。

公开(公告)号：US4579525A

公开(公告)日：1986-04-01

申请号：US624031

申请日：1984-06-25

申请人： Donald R. Ross

发明人： Donald R. Ross

IPC分类号： F27B9/18 ,  G21F9/14 ,  G21F9/32 ,  F27B14/00 ,  F27B9/16

CPC分类号： F27B9/18 ,  G21F9/14 ,  G21F9/32

摘要： This invention is directed to a method and an apparatus to heat certain particles. These certain particles are heated to make them more desirable. In the heating of these particles, it is often desirable to expand the particles to make a light-weight aggregate. The light-weight aggregate may be used in making a building material or the like. In carrying out the process of heating these particles, there is used air for combustion of the combustible fuel and only a mimimum of air for carrying of the particles or expansion of the particles.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及加热某些颗粒的方法和装置。 这些某些颗粒被加热以使它们更理想。 在这些颗粒的加热中，通常需要使颗粒膨胀以制成轻质聚集体。 轻质骨料可用于制造建筑材料等。 在进行加热这些颗粒的过程中，使用空气来燃烧可燃燃料，仅使用最小的空气来运载颗粒或膨胀颗粒。

公开(公告)号：US4559170A

公开(公告)日：1985-12-17

申请号：US548267

申请日：1983-11-03

申请人： Richard L. Gay ,  LeRoy F. Grantham

发明人： Richard L. Gay ,  LeRoy F. Grantham

IPC分类号： C08J5/20 ,  C08J11/00 ,  C08J11/12 ,  G21F9/14 ,  G21F9/08 ,  G21F9/28

CPC分类号： G21F9/14 ,  Y10S159/12

摘要： Bead ion exchange resin wastes are disposed of by a process which involves spray-drying a bead ion exchange resin waste in order to remove substantially all of the water present in such waste, including the water on the surface of the ion exchange resin beads and the water inside the ion exchange resin beads. The resulting dried ion exchange resin beads can then be solidified in a suitable solid matrix-forming material, such as a polymer, which solidifies to contain the dried ion exchange resin beads in a solid monolith suitable for disposal by burial or other conventional means.

摘要翻译： 珠粒离子交换树脂废物通过涉及喷雾干燥珠粒离子交换树脂废物的方法来处理，以便基本上除去这种废物中存在的基本上所有的水，包括离子交换树脂珠粒表面上的水和 离子交换树脂珠内的水。 所得到的干燥的离子交换树脂珠可以在合适的固体基质形成材料如聚合物中固化，聚合物固化以将干燥的离子交换树脂珠包含在适于通过埋藏或其它常规方法处理的固体整料中。