公开(公告)号：US08625993B2

公开(公告)日：2014-01-07

申请号：US11970575

申请日：2008-01-08

Applicant: Vipul Bhatnagar ,  Balakrishnan Sridhar

Inventor： Vipul Bhatnagar ,  Balakrishnan Sridhar

IPC: H04J14/02

CPC classification number: G02B6/29383 ,  G02B6/3518 ,  H04J14/0205 ,  H04J14/0206 ,  H04J14/0212 ,  H04J14/0213 ,  H04J14/0217 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0015 ,  H04Q2011/0047

Abstract: The present invention provides a wavelength-switched reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (R-OADM) with wavelength broadcasting capability, such that asymmetric video signal distribution and the like can be performed without sacrificing with respect to component complexity and expense. The present invention utilizes an optical splitting and combining device with the wavelength-switched R-OADM to allow the R-OADM to support network-wide wavelength broadcasts without requiring external regeneration and extra optical transceiver equipment.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供具有波长广播能力的波长切换可重配置光分插复用器（R-OADM），使得可以在不牺牲组件复杂度和费用的情况下执行不对称视频信号分配等。 本发明利用具有波长交换R-OADM的光分解和组合设备，以允许R-OADM支持网络范围内的波长广播，而不需要外部再生和额外的光收发器设备。

公开(公告)号：US07512343B2

公开(公告)日：2009-03-31

申请号：US11043087

申请日：2005-01-27

Applicant: Balakrishnan Sridhar ,  Michael Y. Frankel ,  Vipul Bhatnagar

Inventor： Balakrishnan Sridhar ,  Michael Y. Frankel ,  Vipul Bhatnagar

IPC: H04B10/08 ,  H04B10/12 ,  H04B10/00

CPC classification number: H04B10/2918 ,  H04B10/25133 ,  H04B2210/003 ,  H04B2210/256

Abstract: A bidirectional communication system is disclosed. A single optical line amplifier is used to amplify signals in both the east and west directions. Additionally, a single dispersion compensation module is used to compensate for fiber dispersion in both directions. Using a single optical line amplifier and a single dispersion compensation module for both directions allows for reduction in the number of optical line amplifiers used in a given network.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种双向通信系统。 使用单个光线路放大器来放大东西方向的信号。 另外，单个色散补偿模块用于补偿两个方向的光纤色散。 对于两个方向使用单个光线路放大器和单个色散补偿模块允许减少在给定网络中使用的光线路放大器的数量。

公开(公告)号：US06532087B1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-11

申请号：US09306008

申请日：1999-05-06

Applicant: Michael J. Ransford ,  Minh T. Nguyen ,  Michael G. Taylor ,  Jeffrey C. Livas ,  Vipul Bhatnagar

Inventor： Michael J. Ransford ,  Minh T. Nguyen ,  Michael G. Taylor ,  Jeffrey C. Livas ,  Vipul Bhatnagar

IPC: H04B1006

CPC classification number: H04B10/07953

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for monitoring the Q-factor of a plurality of main signals that are simultaneously transmitted across a fiber optic line using wave division multiplexing. In particular, the includes an optical tap, a tunable optical bandpass filter, and a Q-detection circuit. The optical tap operates to tap the fiber optic line to provide a plurality of tapped signals corresponding to the plurality of main signals. The tunable optical bandpass filter acts to select one of the plurality of tapped signals, by only passing a selected signal in a chosen channel frequency band. The Q-detection circuit then determines the Q-factor of the selected signal. This operation can be performed sequentially for each of the plurality of tapped signals to provide a measure of the Q-factor for each of the plurality of main signals. This operation can also be continually repeated to provide a constant measurement of the Q-factor of each of the plurality of main signals.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于监视通过使用波分复用同时在光纤线路上传输的多个主信号的Q因子的装置和方法。 特别地，其包括光学抽头，可调谐光学带通滤波器和Q检测电路。 光学抽头操作以分接光纤线以提供对应于多个主信号的多个抽头信号。 可调光带通滤波器仅通过选择的信道频带中的选定信号来选择多个抽头信号中的一个。 Q检测电路然后确定所选信号的Q因子。 对于多个抽头信号中的每一个可以顺序执行该操作，以提供对于多个主信号中的每一个的Q因子的量度。 也可以连续地重复该操作，以提供对多个主信号中的每一个的Q因子的恒定测量。

公开(公告)号：US20060023754A1

公开(公告)日：2006-02-02

申请号：US11043087

申请日：2005-01-27

Applicant: Balakrishnan Sridhar ,  Michael Frankel ,  Vipul Bhatnagar

Inventor： Balakrishnan Sridhar ,  Michael Frankel ,  Vipul Bhatnagar

IPC: H04J3/04

CPC classification number: H04B10/2918 ,  H04B10/25133 ,  H04B2210/003 ,  H04B2210/256

Abstract: A bidirectional communication system is disclosed. A single optical line amplifier is used to amplify signals in both the east and west directions. Additionally, a single dispersion compensation module is used to compensate for fiber dispersion in both directions. Using a single optical line amplifier and a single dispersion compensation module for both directions allows for reduction in the number of optical line amplifiers used in a given network.

公开(公告)号：US06795607B1

公开(公告)日：2004-09-21

申请号：US09975728

申请日：2001-10-11

Applicant: Jean Luc Archambault ,  Vipul Bhatnagar ,  Michael Y. Frankel

Inventor： Jean Luc Archambault ,  Vipul Bhatnagar ,  Michael Y. Frankel

IPC: G02B628

CPC classification number: H04B10/506 ,  G02B6/29317 ,  G02B6/29358 ,  H04B10/0775 ,  H04B2210/078 ,  H04J14/0221 ,  H04J14/0227 ,  H04J14/0246 ,  H04J14/0279

Abstract: Consistent with the present invention, a tunable laser emits a monitoring signal which is combined with the WDM channels typically at the transmit side of a WDM system. At each monitoring point along the WDM system, the WDM channels are filtered out, the monitoring signal is sensed, and desired systems parameters (e.g., gain flatness, dispersion, PMD and OSNR) are measured. Accordingly, a single tunable element, i.e., the tunable laser, can be provided, thereby reducing costs. Moreover, system performance can be ascertained regardless of whether WDM channels are present.

Abstract translation: 根据本发明，可调激光器发射监测信号，其通常在WDM系统的发射侧与WDM信道组合。 在WDM系统的每个监控点，WDM通道被滤除，监测信号被检测，并且测量期望的系统参数（例如，增益平坦度，色散，PMD和OSNR）。 因此，可以提供单个可调元件，即可调激光器，从而降低成本。 而且，无论WDM信道是否存在，都可以确定系统性能。

公开(公告)号：US06765659B1

公开(公告)日：2004-07-20

申请号：US10231915

申请日：2002-08-30

Applicant: Vipul Bhatnagar ,  Balakrishnan Sridhar ,  Michael Y. Frankel ,  Prasad Dasika

Inventor： Vipul Bhatnagar ,  Balakrishnan Sridhar ,  Michael Y. Frankel ,  Prasad Dasika

IPC: G01N2100

CPC classification number: H04B10/0775 ,  G01M11/338

Abstract: A service channel modem is adapted to determine optical properties of an optical fiber link connecting two nodes. The optical service channel (OSC) communicates an optical reference parameter over the fiber link. An optical parameter of the OSC transmitted over the fiber link is measured. By recovering the optical reference parameter from the OSC and using the measured optical parameter, certain optical properties may be determined including link loss, multi-path interference, and chromatic dispersion. When measuring chromatic dispersion, one of the fiber links serves as a synchronization reference and the other is the link being measured.

Abstract translation: 服务信道调制解调器适于确定连接两个节点的光纤链路的光学属性。 光服务信道（OSC）通过光纤链路传送光参考参数。 测量通过光纤链路传输的OSC的光学参数。 通过从OSC恢复光学参考参数并使用测量的光学参数，可以确定包括链路损耗，多径干扰和色散的某些光学性质。 当测量色散时，其中一个光纤链路用作同步参考，另一个是被测量的链路。

公开(公告)号：US06351322B1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-26

申请号：US09161978

申请日：1998-09-29

Applicant: Michael J. Ransford ,  Michael G. Taylor ,  Jeffrey C. Livas ,  Vipul Bhatnagar ,  Minh T. Nguyen

Inventor： Michael J. Ransford ,  Michael G. Taylor ,  Jeffrey C. Livas ,  Vipul Bhatnagar ,  Minh T. Nguyen

IPC: H04B1008

CPC classification number: H04B10/07953

Abstract: A testing circuit is provided for determining the Q-factor of an optical communication system. In the testing circuit, a variable attenuator attenuates a received optical signal in response to an attenuator control signal. A first optical-to-electrical converter converts a first portion of the attenuated optical signal into an electrical data signal. A second optical-to-electrical converter converts a second portion of the attenuated optical signal into a first power indication signal. A decision circuit detects high and low data bits in the electrical data signal based on a plurality of threshold voltage signals, and provides decision signals indicative of the results of these determinations. An error monitoring circuit receives the decision signals, determines the bit error rate of the incoming optical signal for the plurality of threshold voltages, and provides bit error rate signals. A microprocessor receives the power regulation signal and the bit error rate signals, and generates a first attenuator control signal and a plurality of threshold voltage signals. In the testing circuit, the variable attenuator operates to attenuate the received optical signal such that it is at an optimal input level for the operation of the first optical-to electrical converter. The microprocessor determines an optimal bit error rate and an optimal Q-factor for the incoming signal based on the bit error rates of the incoming optical signal for the plurality of threshold voltages

Abstract translation: 提供用于确定光通信系统的Q因子的测试电路。 在测试电路中，可变衰减器响应衰减器控制信号衰减接收的光信号。 第一光电转换器将衰减的光信号的第一部分转换成电数据信号。 第二光电转换器将衰减的光信号的第二部分转换成第一功率指示信号。 判定电路基于多个阈值电压信号检测电数据信号中的高和低数据位，并提供指示这些确定结果的判定信号。 错误监视电路接收决定信号，确定多个阈值电压的输入光信号的误码率，并提供误码率信号。 微处理器接收功率调节信号和误码率信号，并产生第一衰减器控制信号和多个阈值电压信号。 在测试电路中，可变衰减器操作以衰减接收到的光信号，使得其处于用于第一光电转换器的操作的最佳输入电平。 微处理器基于入射光信号对多个阈值电压的误码率确定输入信号的最佳误码率和最佳Q因子

公开(公告)号：US20090175620A1

公开(公告)日：2009-07-09

申请号：US11970575

申请日：2008-01-08

Applicant: Vipul Bhatnagar ,  Balakrishnan Sridhar

Inventor： Vipul Bhatnagar ,  Balakrishnan Sridhar

IPC: H04J14/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/29383 ,  G02B6/3518 ,  H04J14/0205 ,  H04J14/0206 ,  H04J14/0212 ,  H04J14/0213 ,  H04J14/0217 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0015 ,  H04Q2011/0047

Abstract: The present invention provides a wavelength-switched reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (R-OADM) with wavelength broadcasting capability, such that asymmetric video signal distribution and the like can be performed without sacrificing with respect to component complexity and expense. The present invention utilizes an optical splitting and combining device with the wavelength-switched R-OADM to allow the R-OADM to support network-wide wavelength broadcasts without requiring external regeneration and extra optical transceiver equipment.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供具有波长广播能力的波长切换可重配置光分插复用器（R-OADM），使得可以在不牺牲组件复杂度和费用的情况下执行不对称视频信号分配等。 本发明利用了具有波长交换R-OADM的光分解和组合设备，以允许R-OADM支持网络范围内的波长广播，而不需要外部再生和额外的光收发器设备。

公开(公告)号：US07092148B1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-15

申请号：US10144082

申请日：2002-05-13

Applicant: Charles W. Haggans ,  Jun Bao ,  Harshad Sardesai ,  Michael Y. Frankel ,  Mahir Nayfeh ,  Balakrishnan Sridhar ,  Vipul Bhatnagar

Inventor： Charles W. Haggans ,  Jun Bao ,  Harshad Sardesai ,  Michael Y. Frankel ,  Mahir Nayfeh ,  Balakrishnan Sridhar ,  Vipul Bhatnagar

IPC: H01S3/00

CPC classification number: H04B10/296

Abstract: An optical communication device, and related method, are provided for reducing ripple in WDM systems. In particular, the optical communication device includes a dynamic gain equalization (DGE) circuit is coupled to an optical communication path carrying the WDM optical signals. The DGE circuit adjusts the powers associated with each channel on a channel-by-channel basis so that the WDM optical signal has a desired power spectrum. The DGE is controlled in response to sense signals generated by an optical performance monitoring (OPM) circuit located downstream from the DGE or substantially co-located with the DGE. The OPM monitors the WDM spectrum for optical signal power variations and outputs the sense signal when the variations fall outside a given tolerance. Typically, one DGE is associated with a group of concatenated amplifiers so that multiple DGEs are provided in a system having many groups of such amplifiers. Likewise, multiple OPMs are provided in such systems, each corresponding to a respective DGE, so that ripple can be reduced and desired WDM optical signal powers can be achieved in the WDM system.

公开(公告)号：US07343096B1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-11

申请号：US10868795

申请日：2004-06-17

Applicant: Vipul Bhatnagar

Inventor： Vipul Bhatnagar

IPC: H04J14/02

CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  H04J14/0212 ,  H04J14/0217 ,  H04Q2011/0052

Abstract: System and methods for upgrading an optical add-drop multiplexer (OADM) to higher degree wavelength selective router (WSR)/wavelength selective switch (WSS) are disclosed. For example, an OADM of degree-2 may be provisioned for upgrades to degree-3 and higher. The existing links power and signal-to-noise (SNR) budgets are not significantly affected when the node is upgraded to a higher degree WSS/WSR. Cascaded power dividers and combiners may be used in conjunction with optical amplifiers and reconfigurable blocking filters to increase the number of paths over which an optical signal can be routed/switched without affecting the paths already utilized. Prior to enabling service on either an input or output fiber, taps and combiners are pre-provisioned so as to ensure that at least one additional transmission path is always available.

Abstract translation: 公开了将光分插复用器（OADM）升级到更高级波长选择路由器（WSR）/波长选择开关（WSS）的系统和方法。 例如，可以提供2级的OADM来升级到3级以上。 当节点升级到更高的WSS / WSR时，现有的链路功率和信噪比（SNR）预算不会受到很大的影响。 级联功率分配器和组合器可以与光放大器和可重构阻塞滤波器结合使用，以增加可以路由/切换光信号的路径的数量，而不影响已经利用的路径。 在使用输入或输出光纤进行服务之前，预先提供抽头和组合器，以确保始终可以使用至少一个附加的传输路径。