摘要:
Techniques are provided for use with implantable medical devices for addressing encapsulation effects, particularly in the detection of cardiac decompensation events such as heart failure (HF) or cardiogenic pulmonary edema (PE.) In one example, during an acute interval following device implant, cardiac decompensation is detected using heart rate variability (HRV), ventricular evoked response (ER) or various other non-impedance-based parameters that are insensitive to component encapsulation effects. During the subsequent chronic interval, decompensation is detected using intracardiac or transthoracic impedance signals. In another example, the degree of maturation of encapsulation of implanted components is assessed using impedance frequency-response measurements or based on the frequency bandwidth of heart sounds or other physiological signals. In this manner, impedance-based HF/PE detection systems can be activated as soon as component encapsulation has matured, without necessarily waiting until completion of a preset post-implant maturation interval, often set to forty-five days or more.
摘要:
Techniques are provided for use with implantable medical devices for addressing encapsulation effects, particularly in the detection of cardiac decompensation events such as heart failure (HF) or cardiogenic pulmonary edema (PE.) In one example, during an acute interval following device implant, cardiac decompensation is detected using heart rate variability (HRV), ventricular evoked response (ER) or various other non-impedance-based parameters that are insensitive to component encapsulation effects. During the subsequent chronic interval, decompensation is detected using intracardiac or transthoracic impedance signals. In another example, the degree of maturation of encapsulation of implanted components is assessed using impedance frequency-response measurements or based on the frequency bandwidth of heart sounds or other physiological signals. In this manner, impedance-based HF/PE detection systems can be activated as soon as component encapsulation has matured, without necessarily waiting until completion of a preset post-implant maturation interval, often set to forty-five days or more.
摘要:
An implantable cardioverter/defibrillator includes a tachycardia detection system that detects one-to-one (1:1) tachycardia, which is a tachycardia with a one-to-one relationship between atrial and ventricular contractions. When the 1:1 tachycardia is detected, the system discriminates ventricular tachycardia (VT) from supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) based on analysis of a cardiac time interval. Examples of the cardiac time interval include an atrioventricular interval (AVI) and a ventriculoatrial interval (VAI). A template time interval is created during a known normal sinus rhythm. The system measures a tachycardia time interval after detecting the 1:1 tachycardia, and indicates a VT detection if the tachycardia time interval differs from the template time interval by at least a predetermined percentage of the template time interval.
摘要:
A system and method for classifying cardiac depolarization complexes in which waveforms of a depolarization complex are sensed by separate electrodes and correlated with template waveforms of a template depolarization complex. The system is particularly suitable for incorporation into a cardiac rhythm management device such as an implantable cardioverter/defibrillator or pacemaker in order to facilitate arrhythmia prediction and/or prevention.
摘要:
In a data structure such as an electronic document, a location such as an address is entered, rendered, or scanned for as part of text of the data structure. The location is identified and is converted to a hyperlink that targets an application program such as a website. When activated, the hyperlink takes a user to the application program.
摘要:
A straw set with a ventilating structure includes a nipple connected to a circular base with a circular air guiding trench, an air hole that passes through, and a chamber with two axles attached underneath. Underneath, a straw base consists of an inner circular wall fixed to the nipple, an outer circular wall fixed to the bottom of the circular base, another circular air guiding trench concaved between the inner and the outer circular walls, and a hollow pipe protruding downwards. The straw base is supported by a soft plastic circular base with a hole at the center, a second outer circular wall expanded upward to fix upon the first outer circular wall, a air guiding trench expanded downward from the edge of the second outer circular wall, and another air hole that passes through the soft plastic circular base.
摘要:
A method and system for verifying the integrity of normal sinus rhythm (NSR) templates and updating the NSR template after selected time intervals. At selected time intervals after establishing a NSR template, cardiac complexes are sensed and values for one or more cardiac parameters are measured. The values of the cardiac parameters are compared to predetermined value ranges for NSR cardiac complexes. When the values of the cardiac parameters fall within the predetermined value ranges, values for the differences between the values of the cardiac parameters for the cardiac complexes and the values for the cardiac parameters of the NSR cardiac complexes are calculated. When the values of the differences are greater than one or more threshold values, the NSR template is updated as a function of the sensed cardiac complexes.
摘要:
A flatulency-preventing device is associated with a nursing bottle, and includes a fluid guide fitted between a nipple and a body of the nursing bottle to define a one-direction flowing path in the bottle, and an air bubble collector fitted around a lower rim of the fluid guide to locate in the body of the nursing bottle. Air rushing into the bottle at the instant of releasing of the sucked nipple is guided into the air bubble collector via the fluid guide to gather up at a bottom of the nursing bottle without mixing with the fluid in the bottle and being sucked into a baby's stomach to cause undesirable flatulency.