公开(公告)号：US5485531A

公开(公告)日：1996-01-16

申请号：US123750

申请日：1993-09-17

申请人： Hitoshi Ichinohe ,  Yasuo Hongo ,  Masatoshi Okada

发明人： Hitoshi Ichinohe ,  Yasuo Hongo ,  Masatoshi Okada

IPC分类号： G06K9/46 ,  G06K9/48

CPC分类号： G06K9/4609 ,  G06K2209/01

摘要： A feature recognition method and apparatus is described where in one embodiment the digitized two-dimensional pattern or image usually of a character to be recognized is subjected first to conversion into a vector. The vector subsequently undergoes propagation and stopping operations subject to various tests so as to generate a list of unique features about the pattern being identified. Thusly, identified features are compared mathematically to a previously created feature library until a match is found. In an alternative embodiment, to increase the speed of three-dimensional, feature-extraction processing of character patterns the vector-extraction positions on a pattern are converted into flags and accommodated in a corresponding motion-flag memory. Flag values in the motion-flag memory and a stopping-flag memory are read sequentially after propagation processing, and it is determined whether there are flag values representing the existence of vectors in the flag values in the above addresses of other flag memories and addresses adjoining thereto. The flag values in corresponding addresses in a self-moving flag memory are reset, and at the same time, the flags are set in corresponding addresses in the stopping-flag memory relative to vectors with the same direction, if there are vector flag values in the corresponding addresses. The flag values in each stopping-flag memory and each motion-flag memory are converted into vector values via determination processing after propagation processing, and are output as three-dimensional features.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种特征识别方法和装置，其中在一个实施例中，首先对要被识别的字符通常的数字化二维图案或图像进行向量转换。 随后，矢量经历进行各种测试的传播和停止操作，以产生关于所识别的图案的独特特征的列表。 因此，识别的特征在数学上与先前创建的特征库进行比较，直到找到匹配。 在替代实施例中，为了增加字符图形的三维特征提取处理的速度，将模式上的矢量提取位置转换成标志并容纳在对应的运动标志存储器中。 在传播处理之后顺序地读取运动标志存储器和停止标志存储器中的标志值，并且确定是否存在表示其它标志存储器的上述地址中的标志值中的向量的存在的标志值和相邻的地址 到此。 自移动标志存储器中的相应地址中的标志值被复位，同时，相对于具有相同方向的矢量，标志被设置在停止标志存储器中的相应地址中，如果存在矢量标志值 相应的地址。 每个停止标志存储器和每个运动标志存储器中的标志值通过传播处理之后的确定处理被转换为向量值，并被输出为三维特征。

公开(公告)号：US4959869A

公开(公告)日：1990-09-25

申请号：US125813

申请日：1987-11-25

申请人： Yasuo Hongo

发明人： Yasuo Hongo

IPC分类号： H03K5/08 ,  G06K9/38 ,  G06T1/00

CPC分类号： G06K9/38

摘要： A method for determining a binary coding threshold value for a target object comprises determining reference binarization characteristic values for each reference object, storing the reference values in a memory, selecting the reference value associated with a reference object corresponding to the target object, generating in a learning procedure a histogram corresponding to the selected reference value, extracting feature data, i.e., binarization characteristic values, in a threshold control step from the histogram, and setting the binary coding threshold value to a predetermined weight mean value calculated from the binarization characteristics. 7257

摘要翻译： 一种用于确定目标对象的二进制编码阈值的方法包括：确定每个参考对象的参考二值化特征值，将参考值存储在存储器中，选择与对象对象相对应的参考对象的参考值， 学习过程与所选择的参考值相对应的直方图，从直方图在阈值控制步骤中提取特征数据，即二值化特征值，并将二进制编码阈值设置为从二值化特性计算的预定权重平均值。 7257

公开(公告)号：US4887303A

公开(公告)日：1989-12-12

申请号：US310488

申请日：1989-02-14

申请人： Yasuo Hongo

发明人： Yasuo Hongo

IPC分类号： G06K9/46 ,  G06K9/52 ,  G06K9/62 ,  G06K9/64 ,  G06K9/68

CPC分类号： G06K9/6202 ,  G06K9/6255

摘要： The identity of an unknown character is determined by comparing matrices representing the unknown character with matrices representing known dictionary characters and determining the deviation between matrices for the unknown and the dictionary characters. By obtaining both matrices for the character and for the background surroundings of the character, it is possible to extract small differences between local portions of the character. The dictionary pattern of each character is automatically created by "learning" and also the features of the character at the time of judgment and the related result are totalized so that the dictionary pattern can be created from the complementary cumulative matrices obtained by such totalization. By virtue of this advantage, it is possible to asymptotically improve the recognition rate.

摘要翻译： 通过将表示未知字符的矩阵与表示已知字典字符的矩阵进行比较并确定未知字符和字典字符的矩阵之间的偏差来确定未知字符的身份。 通过获得角色的字符和背景环境的两个矩阵，可以提取字符的局部部分之间的小差异。 通过“学习”自动创建每个字符的字典模式，并且在判断时自动创建字符的特征，并将相关结果进行累加，从而可以从通过这种累加获得的互补累积矩阵创建字典模式。 凭借这个优点，可以渐近地提高识别率。

公开(公告)号：US4903316A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-20

申请号：US50220

申请日：1987-05-15

申请人： Yasuo Hongo ,  Kouichi Toyama

发明人： Yasuo Hongo ,  Kouichi Toyama

IPC分类号： G06K9/38 ,  H04N1/409

CPC分类号： G06K9/38 ,  H04N1/409 ,  G06K2209/01

摘要： A binarizing apparatus used for optical character readers or character-and-graphic input devices, in which a sharp binary image can be obtained even from low-contrast character lines (or line segments) by discriminating a line graphic from stains wider than the character lines or from blurs in the background thereof. Eight surrounding subwindows are disposed around a target subwindow enclosing a target pixel, the surrounding subwindows being separated from each other at a distance larger than the character line width, and each of the subwindows having 3.times.3 pixels. The average density value of the respective subwindow is calculated to thereby compare the respective density values of the target subwindow and each surrounding subwindow or compare the density values of the respective surrounding subwindows. Consequently, whether the target pixel belongs to character line or whether it does not belong thereto, is judged to thereby perform binarizing.

摘要翻译： 用于光学字符读取器或字符和图形输入装置的二值化装置，其中即使从低对比度字符线（或线段）也可以获得清晰的二进制图像，通过区分线图与比字符线更宽的色斑 或其背景中的模糊。 八个周围的子窗口围绕包围目标像素的目标子窗口设置，周围的子窗口以大于字符行宽度的距离彼此分离，并且每个子窗口具有3×3像素。 计算各个子窗口的平均密度值，从而比较目标子窗口和每个相邻子窗口的相应浓度值，或者比较各个周围子窗口的浓度值。 因此，判断目标像素是否属于字符行，还是不属于字符行，从而进行二值化。

公开(公告)号：US4712248A

公开(公告)日：1987-12-08

申请号：US33889

申请日：1987-04-03

申请人： Yasuo Hongo

发明人： Yasuo Hongo

IPC分类号： G06T7/00 ,  G06K9/48 ,  G06K9/46

CPC分类号： G06K9/48

摘要： An object identification method and apparatus determines within the boundary of an object to be identified points corresponding to abrupt changes in the profile of the object. Each segment of the boundary between adjacent points is identified with primitive element data and distance map data. These data associated with each segment are collated with similar type data associated with the boundaries of reference objects and the object is identified as the reference object having the highest coincidence of collation.

摘要翻译： 物体识别方法和装置在对象的边界内确定与物体的轮廓突然改变相对应的点。 相邻点之间的边界的每个段用原始元素数据和距离图数据进行识别。 与每个段相关联的这些数据与与参考对象的边界相关联的类似数据进行整理，并且该对象被识别为具有最高一致性的参考对象。

公开(公告)号：US5757979A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-26

申请号：US969740

申请日：1992-10-28

申请人： Yasuo Hongo ,  Atsushi Yoshida

发明人： Yasuo Hongo ,  Atsushi Yoshida

IPC分类号： G06K9/42 ,  G06K9/36 ,  G06K9/62

CPC分类号： G06K9/42 ,  G06K2209/01

摘要： A method for nonlinear normalization of an image, which performs pre-processing for computing the correlation between an unknown pattern and a reference pattern. A local spatial density function .rho.(X.sub.i, Y.sub.j) (i=1-I, j=1-J) is calculated from a two-dimensional pattern f(X.sub.i, Y.sub.j) which is obtained by sampling the unknown pattern at a sampling interval .gamma.. The spatial density function .rho.(X.sub.i, Y.sub.j) is obtained as the product of reciprocals of line pitches in both the X and Y directions. An x-direction cumulative function hx(X.sub.i) and a y-direction cumulative function hy(Y.sub.j) are computed by successively adding the space density function .rho.(X.sub.i, Y.sub.j). New sampling points (X.sub.i, Y.sub.j) are computed in such a fashion that new sampling intervals (.delta.i, .epsilon.j), defined as intervals between two adjacent points of the new sampling points (X.sub.i, Y.sub.j), satisfy the condition that a product between the cumulative function hx(X.sub.i) and .delta.i takes a first fixed value, and a product between the cumulative function hy(Y.sub.j) and .epsilon.j takes a second fixed value. The normalized sampled values at the new sampling points (X.sub.i, Y.sub.j) are obtained by resampling the unknown pattern or by performing a computation on the two dimensional pattern f(X.sub.i, Y.sub.j).

摘要翻译： 一种用于图像的非线性归一化的方法，其执行用于计算未知图案和参考图案之间的相关性的预处理。 从采样间隔未知图案获得的二维图案f（Xi，Yj）计算局部空间密度函数rho（Xi，Yj）（i = 1-I，j = 1-J） 伽玛。 空间密度函数rho（Xi，Yj）作为X和Y方向上的线间距的倒数的乘积获得。 通过连续添加空间密度函数rho（Xi，Yj）来计算x方向累积函数hx（Xi）和y方向累积函数hy（Yj）。 以新定义为新采样点（Xi，Yj）的两个相邻点之间的间隔的新采样间隔（delta i，epsilon j））的方式计算新采样点（Xi，Yj），满足以下条件： 在累积函数hx（Xi）和Δi之间取第一固定值，累积函数hy（Yj）和epsilon j之间的乘积取第二固定值。 通过重新采样未知图案或通过对二维图案f（Xi，Yj）进行计算，获得新采样点（Xi，Yj）处的归一化采样值。

公开(公告)号：US4701961A

公开(公告)日：1987-10-20

申请号：US727889

申请日：1985-04-26

申请人： Yasuo Hongo

发明人： Yasuo Hongo

IPC分类号： G06K9/68 ,  G06K9/20 ,  G06K9/62 ,  G06K9/64

CPC分类号： G06K9/6202

摘要： A character identifying device generates a core bit matrix and a mask bit matrix for each reference character pattern scanned by a television camera or like device. The two matrices represent binary coded representation of a reference character pattern at two different threshold levels. An enlarged matrix representation and a contracted matrix representation of the same unknown character pattern are compared to the core bit matrix and the mask bit matrix, respectively, of each reference character pattern and corresponding correlation output signals are generated to unable the identification of the reference character pattern most closely correlated to the unknown character pattern.

摘要翻译： 字符识别装置为由电视摄像机或类似设备扫描的每个参考字符图形生成核心位矩阵和掩码位矩阵。 两个矩阵表示两个不同阈值级别的参考字符模式的二进制编码表示。 将相同未知字符图案的放大矩阵表示和收缩矩阵表示分别与每个参考字符图案的核心位矩阵和掩码位矩阵进行比较，并生成相应的相关输出信号，以便不能识别参考字符 模式与未知字符模式最密切相关。

公开(公告)号：US4628533A

公开(公告)日：1986-12-09

申请号：US573810

申请日：1984-01-25

申请人： Yasuo Hongo ,  Yoshio Nitta

发明人： Yasuo Hongo ,  Yoshio Nitta

IPC分类号： G06K9/62 ,  G06K9/64

CPC分类号： G06K9/6202

摘要： In the particular embodiment of the invention described in the specification, a pattern recognition apparatus converts the signals received from a video pattern detector into a bit matrix comprising columns and rows of character elements. The matrix is divided into a series of blocks and the pressence of horizontal or vertical strings of bits is compared with corresponding bit information relating to a set of known characters. An unknown character is identified by a minimum deviation of the compared block information from that of a corresponding known character.

摘要翻译： 在说明书中描述的本发明的特定实施例中，模式识别装置将从视频模式检测器接收的信号转换成包括字符元素的列和行的位矩阵。 该矩阵被分成一系列块，并且将水平或垂直位串的压制与与一组已知字符相关的相应位信息进行比较。 通过比较的块信息与对应的已知字符的最小偏差来识别未知字符。

公开(公告)号：US4331773A

公开(公告)日：1982-05-25

申请号：US233552

申请日：1981-02-11

申请人： Yasuo Hongo ,  Yoshinori Tuzuki ,  Masao Miyawaki

发明人： Yasuo Hongo ,  Yoshinori Tuzuki ,  Masao Miyawaki

IPC分类号： C04B35/63 ,  C04B35/66 ,  C04B35/02

CPC分类号： C04B35/6303 ,  C04B35/66 ,  C04B2235/3201 ,  C04B2235/3217 ,  C04B2235/3222 ,  C04B2235/3418

摘要： A refractory composition comprising .rho.-alumina as a binder. The refractory composition further includes as a binding assistant at least one selected from the group consisting of a dispersant, fumed silica and glass powder.

摘要翻译： 一种包含氧化铝作为粘合剂的耐火材料组合物。 难熔组合物还包含作为粘合助剂的至少一种选自分散剂，热解法二氧化硅和玻璃粉末。

公开(公告)号：US4630308A

公开(公告)日：1986-12-16

申请号：US633114

申请日：1984-07-20

申请人： Yasuo Hongo

发明人： Yasuo Hongo

IPC分类号： G06K9/62 ,  G06K9/64 ,  G06K9/56

CPC分类号： G06K9/6202

摘要： In the particular embodiment of the invention described in the specification, the identity of an unknown character is determined by comparing matrices representing the unknown character with matrices representing known characters and determining the deviation beween matrices for the unknown and each known character. To obtain the matrices to be compared, a transformation chain is expressed in terms of horizontal, vertical and diagonal vectors, permitting all types of transformation chains to be used. Two-dimensional memory units having superposed shift registers are used in comparing matrices to determine minimum deviation.

摘要翻译： 在说明书中描述的本发明的特定实施例中，通过将表示未知字符的矩阵与表示已知字符的矩阵进行比较来确定未知字符的身份，并确定未知和每个已知字符的矩阵之间的偏差。 为了获得要比较的矩阵，以水平，垂直和对角矢量表示转换链，允许使用所有类型的转化链。 具有叠加移位寄存器的二维存储单元用于比较矩阵以确定最小偏差。