Abstract:
The concentration of a targeted molecule (such as glucose) in a liquid medium having at least one interfering molecule coexisting with the targeted molecule is detected by use of NDIR and a sampling technique in which an imposed location of a pulse beam from a signal source, an interference source and a reference source is varied over a plurality of sites of a sampling area.
Abstract:
For determining concentration of targeted molecules MG in a liquid sample admixed with interfering molecules MJ which overlap their absorption band, a special NDIR sampling and calibration technique is employed. Besides the signal source, a reference and one or more interference sources are added. The selection of the wavelength for the interference sources enables its measured transmittance value to be used for deciding the validity of the calibration curve for molecules MG in the liquid sample. This value can further be used to adjust the calibration curve via a parameter linking the transmittances measured at the signal and interference wavelength channels in order to assure its validity.
Abstract:
A concentration of glucose in a blood sample is determined through use of a signal channel output/reference channel ratio obtained by use of an NDIR absorption technique in which scattering noise attributable to the liquid phase is reduced by alternately and successively pulsing infrared radiation from signal and reference sources which are multiplexed and collimated into a pulsed beam directed through the sample space containing the liquid phase and the pulse frequency is sufficiently fast so that a given molecule of glucose will not pass in and out of the sample space within the pulse frequency.
Abstract:
NDIR is used to determine a concentration of a chosen molecule M in a liquid sample which contains one or more interfering molecules MJ which absorb radiation at the signal wavelength used in the NDIR process by addition of an interference source. M is calculated by electronics which use Rave(t) from a pulsed signal and reference channel output and a calibration curve which is validated by use of RJave(t2) from a pulsed interference and reference channel output. Signal, interference and reference sources are pulsed at a frequency which is sufficiently fast so that a given molecule of M or MJ will not pass in and out of the liquid sampling matrix within the pulsing frequency.
Abstract:
A concentration of a chosen molecule in a liquid phase in a sample space is determined through use of a signal channel output/reference channel ratio obtained by use of an NDIR absorption technique in which scattering noise attributable to the liquid phase is reduced by alternately and successively pulsing infrared radiation from signal and reference sources which are multiplexed and collimated into a pulsed beam directed through the sample space containing the liquid phase and the pulse frequency is sufficiently fast so that a given molecule of the chosen molecule will not pass in and out of the sample space within the pulse frequency.
Abstract:
A miner's personal gas alarm can be mounted in a helmet powered by a rechargeable battery for a light or be self-contained. A visual indicator will generate an alarm when the concentration of gas detected by the gas sensor triggers an alarm condition. An audio alarm can also be generated by the alarm condition. The gas sensor is a non-dispersive infrared (“NDIR”) gas sensor. When the gas sensor detects methane, the alarm condition is triggered by either an abnormally high rate of increase of methane concentration level or by an elevated concentration of methane that is above approximately 500 ppm and substantially below a lower explosion limit of methane (e.g., approximately 10,000 ppm), and the gas sensor is recalibrated whenever the sample concentration of methane falls below an ambient threshold level of methane.
Abstract:
A differential temperature source methodology for the design of a single beam NDIR gas sensor is advanced. This methodology uses a low and a high amplitude voltage cycle to drive a closely approximated Blackbody source for generating at different times two distinct detector outputs obtained from the same detector equipped the same narrow band pass filter but strategically designed for the detection of only a particular portion of the absorption band for the gas of interest. The ratio of the high amplitude cycle detector output over the low amplitude cycle detector output is used to calibrate such an NDIR gas sensor after it is normalized by a similar ratio when there is no target gas present in the sample chamber.
Abstract:
The concentration of a targeted molecule (such as glucose) in a liquid medium having at least one interfering molecule coexisting with the targeted molecule is detected by use of NDIR and a sampling technique in which an imposed location of a pulse beam from a signal source, an interference source and a reference source is varied over a plurality of sites of a sampling area.
Abstract:
A glucose sensor measures glucose molecules in vivo through use of NDIR in which scattering noise is reduced and Absorption Interference Noise (AIN) is suppressed with a reflection technique. Electronics are used to provide an output of glucose concentration glucose in a liquid sampling matrix after it has been determined that a calibration curve is valid after signal processing is used to obtain average ratio values for reflected signal/reference channels and interference/reference channel obtained after a pulsed beam from signal, interference and reference sources is directed at an inclined angle to a normal of a spot of the liquid sampling matrix. The signal, interference and reference sources are each pulsed at a preselected frequency of at least N Hz which is sufficiently fast so that a given molecule of glucose or interfering molecule will not pass in and out of the liquid sampling matrix within the preselected frequency.
Abstract:
For determining concentration of a targeted molecule M in a liquid sample admixed with interfering molecules MJ which overlap its absorption band, a NDIR reflection sampling technique is used. Besides the signal source, a reference and an interference source are added. M is calculated by electronics which use Rave(t) from a pulsed signal and reference channel output and a calibration curve which is validated by use of RJava(t2) from a pulsed interference and reference channel output. Signal, interference and reference sources are pulsed at a frequency which is sufficiently fast so that a given molecule of M or MJ will not pass in and out of the liquid sampling matrix within the pulsing frequency.