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公开(公告)号：US5940002A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-17
申请号：US948743
申请日：1997-10-10
CPC分类号： H04L9/32 , B60R25/00 , G07C9/00182 , G07C2009/00222 , G07C2009/00253 , G07C2009/00984 , H04L2209/34 , H04L2209/84
摘要： A security system that is useful for protecting vehicles from theft and buildings from unauthorized entry, for example, includes utilizing random numbers within remotely transmitted signals. A remote signaling device transmits a signal to a system controller with instructions for a desired operation of the system. The invention prevents a potential thief from capturing one or more transmitted signals and later mimicking or predicting a subsequent signal by including or utilizing a random number when generating the transmitted signal. The random number is incorporated into the transmitted signal in one of several ways according to this invention. Single-use or limited re-use of random numbers enhances the security and integrity of the system.
摘要翻译： 例如，用于保护车辆免遭盗窃和建筑物的安全系统包括在远程发送的信号内使用随机数。 远程信令设备向系统控制器发送具有用于系统的期望操作的指令的信号。 本发明通过在生成发送信号时包括或利用随机数来防止潜在的小偷捕获一个或多个发送的信号，并且随后模拟或预测后续的信号。 根据本发明，随机数以多种方式之一并入发送信号中。 一次性使用或有限重复使用随机数增强了系统的安全性和完整性。
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公开(公告)号：US5649014A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-15
申请号：US537487
申请日：1995-10-02
CPC分类号： H04L9/3271 , H04L9/002 , H04L9/0662 , H04L2209/04 , H04L2209/805 , H04L2209/84
摘要： The pseudorandom process iteratively applies a selected CRC encryption process on the information to be encrypted. The encryption process is selected by testing one of the digits comprising the number to be encrypted. A first encryption process is used if the tested digit is a 1; a second encryption process is used if the tested digit is a 0. The process is repeated a plurality of times, e.g. once for each digit in the number to be encrypted, resulting in a highly encrypted value that is not easily reverse engineered by chosen or known plaintext attack.
摘要翻译： 伪随机过程对要加密的信息进行迭代应用选择的CRC加密处理。 通过测试包括要加密的号码的数字之一来选择加密过程。 如果测试数字为1，则使用第一个加密过程; 如果测试数字为0，则使用第二加密处理。该过程重复多次，例如， 一次对于要加密的号码中的每个数字，导致高度加密的值不容易被选择或已知的明文攻击逆向工程。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5377270A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-27
申请号：US85423
申请日：1993-06-30
CPC分类号： H04L9/3271 , H04L9/12 , H04L2209/04 , H04L2209/12 , H04L2209/20 , H04L2209/84
摘要： An automobile door lock receiver module (30) and a plurality of keychain fob transmitter units (16) contain identification numbers, secret initial values, and secret feedback masks so as to authenticate encrypted messages from any of the assigned fobs, indicative of commands registered by closing switches on the fob. Each fob is synchronized with the receiving module by means of a truly random number concatenated with a secret initial value and encrypted, through a linear feedback shift register or other operations. A second secret initial value is encrypted and command bits are exclusive ORed into the low order bit positions; the two encrypted numbers are concatenated and encrypted to form a key word which is transmitted with the fob ID. Synchronization includes decrypting to recover the truly random number and the secret initial value concatenated therewith; the truly random number is compared with previously received random numbers in order to avoid copying of recently transmitted synchronization commands. Successive lock-related commands utilize the number encrypted from the truly random number and the second secret initial value as starting values, employing a pseudorandom number of encryption iterations. A half-second delay between responses mitigates gaining access through numerical trials. An authenticated panic alarm command operates the headlights and horn of the vehicle but does not alter the synchronization.
摘要翻译： 汽车门锁接收器模块（30）和多个钥匙扣抽头发射器单元（16）包含识别号码，秘密初始值和秘密反馈掩码，以便从任何分配的信息点识别加密的消息，指示由 关闭开关。 每个FOB通过与秘密初始值连接并通过线性反馈移位寄存器或其他操作进行加密的真正随机数与接收模块同步。 第二秘密初始值被加密，并且命令位被异或进入低位位置; 两个加密号码被连接并加密，以形成一个用小号码ID发送的关键字。 同步包括解密以恢复与其连接的真实随机数和秘密初始值; 将真正的随机数与先前接收到的随机数进行比较，以避免最近发送的同步命令的复制。 连续锁相关命令利用从真正随机数加密的号码和第二秘密初始值作为起始值，采用伪随机数加密迭代。 响应之间的半秒延迟缓解了通过数值试验获得访问。 经认证的紧急报警指令用于操作车辆的前灯和喇叭，但不会改变同步。
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公开(公告)号：USRE36181E
公开(公告)日：1999-04-06
申请号：US751932
申请日：1996-11-08
CPC分类号： G06F7/584 , G07C9/00182 , H04L9/12 , H04L9/304 , H04L9/32 , G06F2207/583 , G07C2009/00253 , G07C2009/00769 , G07C2009/00825 , G07C2009/00984 , G07C2209/06 , H04L2209/04 , H04L2209/08 , H04L2209/12 , H04L2209/20 , H04L2209/84
摘要： An automobile door lock receiver module (30) and a plurality of keychain fob transmitter units (16) contain identification numbers, secret initial values, and secret feedback masks so as to authenticate encrypted messages from any of the assigned fobs, indicative of commands registered by closing switches on the fob. Each fob is synchronized with the receiving module by means of a truly random number concatenated with a secret initial value and encrypted, through a linear feedback shift register or other operations. A second secret initial value is encrypted and command bits are exclusive ORed into the low order bit positions; the two encrypted numbers are concatenated and encrypted to form a key word which is transmitted with the fob ID. Synchronization includes decrypting to recover the truly random number and the secret initial value concatenated therewith; the truly random number is compared with previously received random numbers in order to avoid copying of recently transmitted synchronization commands. Successive lock-related commands utilize the number encrypted from the truly random number and the second secret initial value as starting values, employing a pseudorandom number of encryption iterations. A half-second delay between responses mitigates gaining access through numerical trials. An authenticated panic alarm command operates the headlights and horn of the vehicle but does not alter the synchronization.
摘要翻译： 汽车门锁接收器模块（30）和多个钥匙扣抽头发射器单元（16）包含识别号码，秘密初始值和秘密反馈掩码，以便从任何分配的信息点识别加密的消息，指示由 关闭开关。 每个FOB通过与秘密初始值连接并通过线性反馈移位寄存器或其他操作进行加密的真正随机数与接收模块同步。 第二秘密初始值被加密，并且命令位被异或进入低位位置; 两个加密号码被连接并加密，以形成一个用小号码ID发送的关键字。 同步包括解密以恢复与其连接的真实随机数和秘密初始值; 将真正的随机数与先前接收到的随机数进行比较，以避免最近发送的同步命令的复制。 连续锁相关命令利用从真正随机数加密的号码和第二秘密初始值作为起始值，采用伪随机数加密迭代。 响应之间的半秒延迟缓解了通过数值试验获得访问。 经认证的紧急报警指令用于操作车辆的前灯和喇叭，但不会改变同步。
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公开(公告)号：US5682024A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-28
申请号：US509622
申请日：1995-07-31
CPC分类号： B66B1/50
摘要： An elevator position determination system for determining the position of an elevator car disposed in the elevator hoistway includes a transceiver disposed on the elevator car for generating a query signal and a transponder disposed in the elevator hoistway for providing an identification signal in response to the query signal, wherein, the elevator position determination system determines the elevator car position in response to the identification signal.
摘要翻译： 一种用于确定设置在电梯井道中的电梯轿厢的位置的电梯位置确定系统包括设置在电梯轿厢上用于产生查询信号的收发机和设置在电梯井道中的应答器，用于响应于查询信号提供识别信号 其中，所述电梯位置确定系统响应于所述识别信号来确定所述电梯轿厢位置。
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公开(公告)号：US5619575A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-08
申请号：US294147
申请日：1994-08-22
CPC分类号： H04L9/3271 , H04L9/002 , H04L9/0662 , H04L2209/04 , H04L2209/805 , H04L2209/84
摘要： The pseudorandom process iteratively applies a selected CRC encryption process on the information to be encrypted. The encryption process is selected by testing one of the digits comprising the number to be encrypted. A first encryption process is used if the tested digit is a 1; a second encryption process is used if the tested digit is a 0. The process is repeated a plurality of times, e.g. once for each digit in the number to be encrypted, resulting in a highly encrypted value that is not easily reverse engineered by chosen or known plaintext attack.
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公开(公告)号：US5398284A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-14
申请号：US148667
申请日：1993-11-05
CPC分类号： H04L9/06 , H04L2209/04 , H04L2209/34
摘要： The digital information is encrypted by first performing a preselected number of CRC iterations or partial convolutions by multiplication with a mask in the Galois Field. Before the CRC operation is completed, the intermediate resultant is subjected to an Integer Ring operation, such as addition, which injects a nonlinearity over the Galois Field due to possible arithmetic carry operations. After the Integer Ring operation, the Galois Field CRC process is continued to completion. The result is an encrypted value which is not readily decrypted by Galois Field techniques.
摘要翻译： 数字信息通过首先通过与伽罗瓦域中的掩码相乘来执行预选的CRC迭代次数或部分卷积来加密。 在CRC操作完成之前，中间结果经受整数环操作，例如相加，其由于可能的算术运算操作而在伽罗瓦域上注入非线性。 在整数环操作之后，伽罗瓦域CRC进程继续完成。 结果是Galois Field技术不容易解密的加密值。
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公开(公告)号：US5363448A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-08
申请号：US86080
申请日：1993-06-30
CPC分类号： G06F7/584 , G07C9/00182 , H04L9/12 , H04L9/304 , H04L9/32 , G06F2207/583 , G07C2009/00253 , G07C2009/00769 , G07C2009/00825 , G07C2009/00984 , G07C2209/06 , H04L2209/04 , H04L2209/08 , H04L2209/12 , H04L2209/20 , H04L2209/84
摘要： An automobile door lock receiver module (30) and a plurality of keychain fob transmitter units (16) contain identification numbers, secret initial values, and secret feedback masks so as to authenticate encrypted messages from any of the assigned fobs, indicative of commands registered by closing switches on the fob. Each fob is synchronized with the receiving module by means of a truly random number concatenated with a secret initial value and encrypted, through a linear feedback shift register or other operations. A second secret initial value is encrypted and command bits are exclusive ORed into the low order bit positions; the two encrypted numbers are concatenated and encrypted to form a key word which is transmitted with the fob ID. Synchronization includes decrypting to recover the truly random number and the secret initial value concatenated therewith; the truly random number is compared with previously received random numbers in order to avoid copying of recently transmitted synchronization commands. Successive lock-related commands utilize the number encrypted from the truly random number and the second secret initial value as starting values, employing a pseudorandom number of encryption iterations. A half-second delay between responses mitigates gaining access through numerical trials. An authenticated panic alarm command operates the headlights and horn of the vehicle but does not alter the synchronization.
摘要翻译： 汽车门锁接收器模块（30）和多个钥匙扣抽头发射器单元（16）包含识别号码，秘密初始值和秘密反馈掩码，以便从任何分配的信息点识别加密的消息，指示由 关闭开关。 每个FOB通过与秘密初始值连接并通过线性反馈移位寄存器或其他操作进行加密的真正随机数与接收模块同步。 第二秘密初始值被加密，并且命令位被异或进入低位位置; 两个加密号码被连接并加密，以形成一个用小号码ID发送的关键字。 同步包括解密以恢复与其连接的真实随机数和秘密初始值; 将真正的随机数与先前接收到的随机数进行比较，以避免最近发送的同步命令的复制。 连续锁相关命令利用从真正随机数加密的号码和第二秘密初始值作为起始值，采用伪随机数加密迭代。 响应之间的半秒延迟缓解了通过数值试验获得访问。 经认证的紧急报警指令用于操作车辆的前灯和喇叭，但不会改变同步。
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9.再颁专利
公开(公告)号：USRE36752E
公开(公告)日：2000-06-27
申请号：US771526
申请日：1996-12-23
CPC分类号： H04L9/3271 , H04L9/12 , H04L2209/04 , H04L2209/12 , H04L2209/20 , H04L2209/84
摘要： An automobile door receiver module (30) and a plurality of keychain fob transmitter units (16) contain identification numbers, secret initial values, and secret feedback masks so as to authenticate encrypted messages from any of the assigned fobs, indicative of commands registered by closing switches on the fob. Each fob is synchronized with the receiving module by means of a truly random number concatenated with a secret initial value and encrypted, through a linear feedback shift register or other operations. A second secret initial value is encrypted and command bits are exclusive ORed into the low order bit positions; the two encrypted numbers are concatenated and encrypted to form a key word which is transmitted with the fob ID. Synchronization includes decrypting to recover the truly random number and the secret initial value concatenated therewith; the truly random number is compared with previously received random numbers in order to avoid copying of recently transmitted synchronization commands. Successive lock-related commands utilize the number encrypted from the truly random number and the second secret initial value as starting values, employing a pseudorandom number of encryption iterations. A half-second delay between responses mitigates gaining access through numerical trials. An authenticated panic alarm command operates the headlights and horn of the vehicle but does not alter the synchronization.
摘要翻译： 汽车门接收器模块（30）和多个钥匙扣抽头发射器单元（16）包含识别号码，秘密初始值和秘密反馈掩码，以便从任何分配的信息点识别加密的消息，指示通过关闭登记的命令 切换到FOB。 每个FOB通过与秘密初始值连接并通过线性反馈移位寄存器或其他操作进行加密的真正随机数与接收模块同步。 第二秘密初始值被加密，并且命令位被异或进入低位位置; 两个加密号码被连接并加密，以形成一个用小号码ID发送的关键字。 同步包括解密以恢复与其连接的真实随机数和秘密初始值; 将真正的随机数与先前接收到的随机数进行比较，以避免最近发送的同步命令的复制。 连续锁相关命令利用从真正随机数加密的号码和第二秘密初始值作为起始值，采用伪随机数加密迭代。 响应之间的半秒延迟缓解了通过数值试验获得访问。 经认证的紧急报警指令用于操作车辆的前灯和喇叭，但不会改变同步。
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公开(公告)号：US07610765B2
公开(公告)日：2009-11-03
申请号：US11025836
申请日：2004-12-27
CPC分类号： F25B45/00 , F25B49/005 , F25B2345/001 , F25B2700/04 , F25B2700/2106 , F25B2700/21163
摘要： A method and apparatus for determining the sufficiency of the refrigerant charge in an air conditioning system by use of temperature measurements. The temperature of the liquid refrigerant leaving the condenser coil and the outdoor temperature are sensed and representative electrical signals are generated. The electrical signals are converted to digital values that are than compared to predetermined optimal values to determine whether the system is properly charged with refrigerant. An appropriate LED is lighted to indicate that the system is undercharged, overcharged or properly charged. For non-TXV/EXV systems a third parameter i.e. the return air wet bulb temperature is also sensed and a representative digital value thereof is included in the comparison with the predetermined known values to determine if the charge is proper.
摘要翻译： 一种用于通过使用温度测量来确定空调系统中的制冷剂充注的充足性的方法和装置。 检测离开冷凝器线圈的液体制冷剂的温度和室外温度，并产生代表性的电信号。 电信号被转换成与预定的最佳值相比的数字值，以确定系统是否用适当的制冷剂充电。 适当的LED指示灯亮起，表示系统电量不足，充电过多或正确充电。 对于非TXV / EXV系统，也检测第三参数，即返回空气湿球温度，并且其代表性数字值包括在与预定已知值的比较中，以确定电荷是否合适。
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