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公开(公告)号：US4717894A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-05
申请号：US922383
申请日：1986-10-23
申请人： Allen P. Edwards , David R. Gildea , Chung Y. Lau
发明人： Allen P. Edwards , David R. Gildea , Chung Y. Lau
CPC分类号： H04L27/364 , G01R35/005 , H04L2027/0016 , H04L2027/0018
摘要： Calibration of a vector modulator is done using a scalar detector to measure the amplitude of the RF output signal, phase shifters to adjust the relative phases of the I and Q components of the RF carrier, and variable attenuators in the I and Q modulation signal input lines to adjust the relative amplitude of the modulation signals. DC signal sources provide reference signals for the I and Q modulation inputs, carrier leak compensation signals, and calibration signals for balancing the amplitude of the I and Q modulation signals. An iterative four step calibration process is followed until no change in the results is observed. The quadrature phase error is minimized by adjusting the phase shifters. The carrier leakage is minimized by adjusting the carrier leak compensation sources to minimize RF output with the modulation inputs grounded. The amplitudes of the I and Q modulation signals are balanced by adjusting the attenuators until the output amplitudes are equal. Finally, the quadrature calibration signal sources are adjusted until the output amplitudes they produce are balanced.
摘要翻译： 使用标量检测器来校准矢量调制器，以测量RF输出信号的幅度，移相器调整RF载波的I和Q分量的相对相位，以及I和Q调制信号输入中的可变衰减器 线调整调制信号的相对幅度。 直流信号源为I和Q调制输入提供参考信号，载波泄漏补偿信号和用于平衡I和Q调制信号振幅的校准信号。 遵循迭代的四步校准过程，直到没有观察到结果的变化。 通过调整移相器来使正交相位误差最小化。 通过调整载波泄漏补偿源，使调制输入接地的RF输出最小化，使载波泄漏最小化。 I和Q调制信号的幅度通过调节衰减器直到输出幅度相等来平衡。 最后，校正正交校准信号源，直到它们产生的输出振幅平衡。
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公开(公告)号：US4843351A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-27
申请号：US90624
申请日：1987-08-28
申请人： Allen P. Edwards , David R. Gildea
发明人： Allen P. Edwards , David R. Gildea
CPC分类号： H04L27/364
摘要： A novel vector signal generator is provided which includes a vector modulator controlled by baseband manipulation circuitry. The output signal from the vector modulator is down converted to a desired output frequency. The baseband manipulation circuitry provides, under digital control from, for example, a microprocessor, adjustments to the phase, carrier leakage, and modulation levels of the I and Q signals. In this manner, a highly accurate vector modulated signal is generated within a wide range of carrier frequencies.
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公开(公告)号：US6018784A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-25
申请号：US184728
申请日：1998-11-02
申请人： David R. Gildea , Mark L. Nagel
发明人： David R. Gildea , Mark L. Nagel
CPC分类号： G01S19/37
摘要： A peripheral component interconnect (PCI) global positioning system (GPS) card for receiving a GPS signal. In a first embodiment the PCI card includes a GPS downconverter. In a second embodiment the PCI card including the GPS downconverter is integrated into a personal computer for correlating a GPS signal and computing a GPS location. In a third embodiment the PCI card includes a GPS downconverter and a GPS correlator. In a fourth embodiment the PCI card including the GPS downconverter and the GPS correlator is integrated into a personal computer for computing a GPS location.
摘要翻译： 用于接收GPS信号的外围部件互连（PCI）全球定位系统（GPS）卡。 在第一实施例中，PCI卡包括GPS下变频器。 在第二实施例中，包括GPS下变频器的PCI卡被集成到个人计算机中，用于关联GPS信号和计算GPS位置。 在第三实施例中，PCI卡包括GPS下变频器和GPS相关器。 在第四实施例中，包括GPS下变频器和GPS相关器的PCI卡被集成到用于计算GPS位置的个人计算机中。
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公开(公告)号：US6000863A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-14
申请号：US038223
申请日：1998-03-11
摘要： A method for photographic processing of an exposed photosensitive film wherein a plurality of photographic processing elements comprising a carrier layer and a photographic processing layer containing photographic processing material are brought into contact, consecutively, with the exposed photosensitive film whereby a visible image is formed in the film. Each photographic processing element is initially brought into contact with the photosensitive film with the application of pressure and the processing element and the film are allowed to remain in contact with each other for a required period of time, during which at least one, and preferably a plurality of, additional pressure applications are carried out.
摘要翻译： 曝光的感光膜的照相处理方法，其中包括载体层的多个照相处理元件和含有照相处理材料的照相处理层与曝光的感光膜相接触，从而在曝光的感光膜中形成可见图像 电影。 最初通过施加压力使每个照相处理元件与感光膜接触，并且允许处理元件和膜彼此保持接触所需的时间段，在此期间，至少一个，优选地 进行了多个额外的压力应用。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5854605A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-29
申请号：US678573
申请日：1996-07-05
申请人： David R. Gildea
发明人： David R. Gildea
CPC分类号： G01S19/235 , G01S19/34
摘要： A GPS receiver and a method for improving time to first fix (TTFF). The GPS receiver includes an internal clock for maintaining an approximate clock time during a standby mode and a microprocessor system including a data bit timer code, a temperature compensation code, and a learned time adjustment code. When the GPS receiver enters an operational mode, the data bit timer code instructs the microprocessor system for determining a GPS-based clock time by aligning the approximate clock time according to a time-of-arrival of a GPS data bit when the approximate clock time and the GPS-based clock time are estimated to be within a correction range of ten milliseconds. The temperature compensation code and a learned time adjustment code include instructions for using a stored frequency/temperature characteristic and a learned time correction, respectively, for estimating and compensating for time drift that has occurred during the standby mode. A temperature sensor provides a temperature measurement of a reference oscillator used as a time base for the internal clock.
摘要翻译： 一种GPS接收机和一种改善首次固定时间（TTFF）的方法。 GPS接收机包括用于在待机模式期间保持近似时钟时间的内部时钟和包括数据比特定时器代码，温度补偿代码和学习时间调整代码的微处理器系统。 当GPS接收机进入操作模式时，数据位定时器代码指示微处理器系统通过根据GPS数据位的到达时间对准大致时钟时间来确定基于GPS的时钟时间，当大致时钟时间 并且基于GPS的时钟时间被估计在10毫秒的校正范围内。 温度补偿代码和学习时间调整代码包括用于分别使用存储的频率/温度特性和学习时间校正的指令，用于估计和补偿在待机模式期间发生的时间漂移。 温度传感器提供用作内部时钟时基的参考振荡器的温度测量。
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公开(公告)号：US07940834B2
公开(公告)日：2011-05-10
申请号：US12152614
申请日：2008-05-15
CPC分类号： H04B1/7075 , G01S19/24 , G01S19/30 , H04B2201/70715
摘要： A GNSS receiver and method using alternating “A” and “B” time segments for a reception time length of two or more data bits. The GNSS signal in an “A” time period comprising the “A” time segments is integrated for determining “A” magnitudes corresponding to code phase increments and the GNSS signal in a “B” time period comprising the “B” time segments is integrated for determining “B” magnitudes corresponding to code phase increments. A trial-and-error data bit search is performed for depolarizing data bit senses. The code phase increment showing the largest correlation level is used for acquisition of the GNSS signal and/or determination of the location where the GNSS is being received.
摘要翻译： GNSS接收机和方法，对于两个或多个数据比特的接收时间长度，使用交替的“A”和“B”时间段。 集成了包括“A”时间段的“A”时间段中的GNSS信号用于确定与码相位增量相对应的“A”幅度，并且在包括“B”时间段的“B”时间段中的GNSS信号被积分 用于确定与码相位增量相对应的“B”幅度。 执行试错数据位搜索以对数据位感测进行去极化。 显示最大相关电平的码相位增量用于获取GNSS信号和/或确定接收GNSS的位置。
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公开(公告)号：US6092193A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-18
申请号：US865271
申请日：1997-05-29
CPC分类号： H04L9/3236 , H04L2209/20 , H04L2209/84
摘要： Methods and apparati for representing and storing a sequence of digital data values so that, once stored in memory, a data value cannot be modified, or cannot be modified without detection. Detection of subsequent data alteration may use error checksums, storage of instrument data in different data fields, data constraint relations, data encryption techniques and/or comparison of instrument identification numbers. Where data are to be stored in non-alterable form, the number of elements used in representing the sequence is reduced or minimized. A data value sequence can be supplemented by one or more additional data values that are received and similarly stored, without changing any of the sequence of data values already stored. The instrument data values can be individual readout values or can be accumulated sums of data values. Some of the methods are exact, allowing reconstruction of any data value with zero error. Other methods are approximate but are less complex to apply. These methods can be applied to numerical readout values from instruments such as odometers and electropotential meters at a selected sequence of sampling times.
摘要翻译： 用于表示和存储数字数据值序列的方法和装置，使得一旦存储在存储器中，数据值不能被修改，或者不能在没有检测的情况下被修改。 后续数据变更的检测可能会使用错误校验和，在不同数据字段中存储仪器数据，数据约束关系，数据加密技术和/或仪器识别号码的比较。 数据以不可变形式存储的情况下，减少或最小化用于表示序列的元素数量。 数据值序列可以由接收和类似地存储的一个或多个附加数据值来补充，而不改变已经存储的任何数据值序列。 仪器数据值可以是单独的读出值，也可以是数据值的累计和。 一些方法是精确的，允许以零错误重建任何数据值。 其他方法是近似值，但不太复杂。 这些方法可以应用于来自仪器的数字读出值，例如里程表和电位计在选定的采样时间序列。
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公开(公告)号：US5832247A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-03
申请号：US903965
申请日：1997-07-31
申请人： David R. Gildea , Mark L. Nagel
发明人： David R. Gildea , Mark L. Nagel
CPC分类号： G01S19/37
摘要： A peripheral component interconnect (PCI) global positioning system (GPS) card for receiving a GPS signal. In a first embodiment the PCI card includes a GPS downconverter. In a second embodiment the PCI card including the GPS downconverter is integrated into a personal computer for correlating a GPS signal and computing a GPS location. In a third embodiment the PCI card includes a GPS downconverter and a GPS correlator. In a fourth embodiment the PCI card including the GPS downconverter and the GPS correlator is integrated into a personal computer for computing a GPS location.
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公开(公告)号：US5589835A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-31
申请号：US359604
申请日：1994-12-20
申请人： David R. Gildea , Lloyd H. Banta
发明人： David R. Gildea , Lloyd H. Banta
CPC分类号： G01S19/07
摘要： A GPS receiver system to determine and display a geographical differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) location where the components of the system are interconnected with an airwave infrared (IR) link. The system includes a GPS Smart Antenna receiver module to determine the geographical location of the module, a DGPS radio receiver to receive an airwave radio frequency DGPS signal having DGPS correction information, and a personal computing display to run an application program and to display the geographical DGPS location and application information that is useful to a user. The GPS Smart Antenna receiver module and the DGPS radio receiver are switched on and off from the personal computing display through the airwave IR link.
摘要翻译： GPS接收机系统，用于确定和显示地理差异全球定位系统（DGPS）位置，其中系统的组件与空气波红外（IR）链路相互连接。 该系统包括GPS智能天线接收器模块，用于确定模块的地理位置，DGPS无线电接收器，用于接收具有DGPS校正信息的空气波射频DGPS信号，以及用于运行应用程序并显示地理位置的个人计算显示 DGPS位置和对用户有用的应用程序信息。 GPS智能天线接收器模块和DGPS无线电接收器通过空气波IR链路从个人计算显示器接通和关闭。
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公开(公告)号：US5861841A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-19
申请号：US917694
申请日：1997-08-26
CPC分类号： G01S19/35
摘要： Apparatus for determining the present location of an observer on the Earth's surface, the apparatus including an antenna to receive Global Positioning System (GPS) signals from two or more GPS satellites and a credit card size GPS signal processing Smartcard attached to the antenna that receives the GPS signals and determines and displays the present position of the antenna. In one embodiment, the signal processing card includes a frequency downconverter to downconvert the frequency of the GPS signals received, a digital signal processor and associated memory device that is programmed to determine the present antenna location from the GPS signals received, and an information transfer device linked to a nearby host computer or other electronic device for further data processing and display. In other embodiments, the antenna, or the antenna and the downconverter, are contained on a separate card. In another embodiment, the antenna, downconverter, digital signal processor and an information transfer device are contained on a separate smart antenna card. In all these embodiments, the Smartcard device can be linked to a host computer or other electronic device to display the observer's present position on a map or to provide further processing of the GPS signals received. The card containing the information transfer device can be connected to components on a separate card by a cable or wireless link. The card interfaced with the host computer is constructed according to PCMCIA standards, with a thickness of about 3.3, 5 or 10 mm.
摘要翻译： 用于确定地球表面上的观察者的当前位置的装置，该装置包括用于接收来自两个或更多个GPS卫星的全球定位系统（GPS）信号的天线和附接到天线的信用卡大小的GPS信号处理智能卡， GPS信号并确定并显示天线的当前位置。 在一个实施例中，信号处理卡包括频率下变频器，用于下变频接收的GPS信号的频率，数字信号处理器和相关联的存储器设备，其被编程为根据接收的GPS信号确定当前天线位置，以及信息传送设备 链接到附近的主计算机或其他电子设备用于进一步的数据处理和显示。 在其他实施例中，天线或天线和下变频器被包含在单独的卡上。 在另一个实施例中，天线，下变频器，数字信号处理器和信息传送装置包含在单独的智能天线卡上。 在所有这些实施例中，智能卡设备可以链接到主计算机或其他电子设备，以在地图上显示观察者的当前位置，或者为接收的GPS信号提供进一步的处理。 包含信息传输设备的卡可以通过有线或无线链路连接到单独的卡上的组件。 与主机接口的卡根据PCMCIA标准构建，厚度约为3.3,5或10mm。
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