公开(公告)号：US6092193A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-18

申请号：US865271

申请日：1997-05-29

申请人： Peter V. W. Loomis ,  David R. Gildea ,  James M. Janky ,  John F. Schipper

发明人： Peter V. W. Loomis ,  David R. Gildea ,  James M. Janky ,  John F. Schipper

IPC分类号： H04L9/32 ,  H04L9/00

CPC分类号： H04L9/3236 ,  H04L2209/20 ,  H04L2209/84

摘要： Methods and apparati for representing and storing a sequence of digital data values so that, once stored in memory, a data value cannot be modified, or cannot be modified without detection. Detection of subsequent data alteration may use error checksums, storage of instrument data in different data fields, data constraint relations, data encryption techniques and/or comparison of instrument identification numbers. Where data are to be stored in non-alterable form, the number of elements used in representing the sequence is reduced or minimized. A data value sequence can be supplemented by one or more additional data values that are received and similarly stored, without changing any of the sequence of data values already stored. The instrument data values can be individual readout values or can be accumulated sums of data values. Some of the methods are exact, allowing reconstruction of any data value with zero error. Other methods are approximate but are less complex to apply. These methods can be applied to numerical readout values from instruments such as odometers and electropotential meters at a selected sequence of sampling times.

摘要翻译： 用于表示和存储数字数据值序列的方法和装置，使得一旦存储在存储器中，数据值不能被修改，或者不能在没有检测的情况下被修改。 后续数据变更的检测可能会使用错误校验和，在不同数据字段中存储仪器数据，数据约束关系，数据加密技术和/或仪器识别号码的比较。 数据以不可变形式存储的情况下，减少或最小化用于表示序列的元素数量。 数据值序列可以由接收和类似地存储的一个或多个附加数据值来补充，而不改变已经存储的任何数据值序列。 仪器数据值可以是单独的读出值，也可以是数据值的累计和。 一些方法是精确的，允许以零错误重建任何数据值。 其他方法是近似值，但不太复杂。 这些方法可以应用于来自仪器的数字读出值，例如里程表和电位计在选定的采样时间序列。

公开(公告)号：US5754657A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-19

申请号：US815370

申请日：1997-03-10

申请人： John F. Schipper ,  Peter V. W. Loomis ,  Allan M. Pelley ,  James M. Janky ,  Len Sheynblat

发明人： John F. Schipper ,  Peter V. W. Loomis ,  Allan M. Pelley ,  James M. Janky ,  Len Sheynblat

IPC分类号： G01S19/09 ,  G01S1/00 ,  G01S19/46 ,  H04L9/00

CPC分类号： G01S19/16

摘要： Methods for authentication or validation of the location of a putative source (ps) of a message, using time varying location determination (LD) signals that are received from J sources (J>1) of LD signals G(t;j;ps) that are spaced apart from the putative source. The putative source forms an augmented data signal that includes the original message, one or more segments g�t.sub.k(m),t.sub.k(m+1) ; j; ps!={G(t.sub.r ;j;ps).vertline.t.sub.k(m) .ltoreq.t.sub.r .ltoreq.t.sub.k(m+1) } of the LD signals for a selected time interval, a putative source asserted location L(t".sub.k(m) ;ps) for a time t".sub.k(m) in the selected time interval, and other identifying parameters. The augmented data signal is received by a central station that analyzes the LD signal segments and determines whether the asserted location L(t".sub.k(m) ;ps) is likely to be the true message source location. Part or all of the augmented data signal can be encrypted for transmission. One application is validation of use of licensed software on a computer whose location may be mobile. Another application is validation of votes cast from a plurality of remote voting sites.

摘要翻译： 使用从LD信号G（t; j; ps）的J个源（J> 1）接收的时变位置确定（LD）信号来认证或验证消息的推定源（ps）的位置的方法， 与推定的来源隔开。 推定的源形成包括原始消息的增强数据信号，一个或多个段g [tk（m），tk（m + 1）; j 在所选择的时间间隔内，LD信号的ps] = {G（tr; j; ps）| tk（m）

公开(公告)号：US5568152A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-22

申请号：US191815

申请日：1994-02-04

申请人： James M. Janky ,  Peter V. W. Loomis ,  John F. Schipper

发明人： James M. Janky ,  Peter V. W. Loomis ,  John F. Schipper

IPC分类号： G01S5/00 ,  G01S5/02 ,  G01S5/14 ,  G01S19/29 ,  G01S19/30 ,  F41G1/00

CPC分类号： G01S5/0036 ,  F41G3/02 ,  F41G3/06 ,  G01S19/51 ,  G01S19/53

摘要： Apparatus and method for accurately determining the location of an target or other designated object by an observer that is spaced apart from the object. The observer views the target through a viewer and rangefinder and determines the distance of the target from the observer. The observer determines its own location coordinates, and the angular orientation of the rangefinder relative to a selected line or plane, using Satellite Positioning System (SATPS) signals (such as GPS or GLONASS signals) received by three SATPS antennas and processed by a common SATPS receiver/processor. The SATPS receiver/processor then determines the displacement or offset coordinates of the target relative to the observer and displays the target coordinates on the target image seen in the viewer. The target location coordinates and/or the visual image of the target seen in the viewfinder are transmitted to a control station for subsequent use. A fourth SATPS antenna, with antenna location coordinates that are determined by the location coordinates of the other three SATPS antennas, is provided for antenna backup and/or for checking the accuracy of the SATPS-determined locations of the other three SATPS antennas. Differential SATPS techniques can be used to enhance the accuracy of the SATPS antenna locations. In one embodiment, the rangefinder can be deleted.

摘要翻译： 用于通过与物体间隔开的观察者精确地确定目标或其他指定物体的位置的装置和方法。 观察者通过观察者和测距仪观察目标，并确定目标与观察者的距离。 观察者使用卫星定位系统（SATPS）信号（例如GPS或GLONASS信号），由三个SATPS天线接收并由公共SATPS进行处理，确定其自己的位置坐标以及测距仪相对于所选行或平面的角度方位 接收器/处理器。 然后，SATPS接收机/处理器确定目标相对于观察者的位移或偏移坐标，并且在观看者中看到的目标图像上显示目标坐标。 在取景器中看到的目标位置坐标和/或视觉图像被发送到控制站以供随后使用。 提供了第四个SATPS天线，天线位置坐标由其他三个SATPS天线的位置坐标确定，用于天线备份和/或用于检查其他三个SATPS天线的SATPS确定的位置的精度。 差分SATPS技术可用于提高SATPS天线位置的精度。 在一个实施例中，可以删除测距仪。

公开(公告)号：US06268804B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-31

申请号：US09523830

申请日：2000-03-13

申请人： James M. Janky ,  Derek Steven Smith ,  John F. Schipper

发明人： James M. Janky ,  Derek Steven Smith ,  John F. Schipper

IPC分类号： G08G116

CPC分类号： G01S15/931 ,  B60T2201/08 ,  B60T2201/081 ,  G01S5/0072 ,  G01S13/931 ,  G01S19/48 ,  G01S2013/9325 ,  G01S2013/9346 ,  G01S2013/9353 ,  G01S2013/9357 ,  G01S2013/936 ,  G01S2013/9367 ,  G01S2013/9385 ,  G08G1/164 ,  G08G1/166 ,  Y10S367/909

摘要： A system for monitoring operation and location of a first moving vehicle relative to a second moving vehicle. A minimum separation distance between the first and second vehicles is estimated, based on the first vehicle velocity, and optionally on the second vehicle velocity, using location determination (LD) signals received from satellite-based transmitters from GPS, GLONASS and LEO satellites, or from ground-based signal sources such as LORAN signal towers, and using ranging signals from SONAR, RADAR or a similar system. The minimum separation distance is compared with the actual separation distance at selected times, and a vehicle driver is advised if the actual separation distance is too small, if the separation distance is decreasing too quickly, or if the second vehicle velocity is decreasing too quickly. The second vehicle may travel in the same traffic lane, in an adjacent lane, or on a road that intersects the road used by the first vehicle. Where the first and second vehicles travel on separate roads that will intersect, the system estimates whether the second vehicle will stop, or will be able to stop, at the intersection. The second vehicle may be a railroad car, such as a locomotive, or a road vehicle. A maximum vehicle clear-view velocity, consistent with vehicle stopping within a selected distance, is estimated. Road conditions are estimated and compensated for in estimating the minimum separation distance and/or the maximum vehicle clear-view velocity.

摘要翻译： 一种用于监测第一移动车辆相对于第二移动车辆的操作和位置的系统。 使用从GPS，GLONASS和LEO卫星的基于卫星的发射器接收的位置确定（LD）信号，基于第一车辆速度，并且可选地基于第二车辆速度来估计第一和第二车辆之间的最小间隔距离，或 来自诸如LORAN信号塔的地面信号源，以及使用来自SONAR，RADAR或类似系统的测距信号。 将最小间隔距离与选定时间的实际间隔距离进行比较，如果实际分隔距离太小，则间隔距离过小，或第二车速下降过快时，建议车辆驾驶员。 第二辆车可以在相同的行车道，相邻的车道，或与第一车辆使用的道路相交的道路上行驶。 在第一和第二车辆在相交的不同道路上行驶的情况下，系统估计第二辆车是否将在交叉路口停下或将能够停下来。 第二车辆可以是铁路车辆，例如机车或道路车辆。 估计与选定距离内的车辆停止一致的最大车辆清视速度。 在估计最小间隔距离和/或最大车辆清除速度时估计和补偿道路条件。

公开(公告)号：US5892454A

公开(公告)日：1999-04-06

申请号：US734721

申请日：1996-10-21

申请人： John F. Schipper ,  James M. Janky

发明人： John F. Schipper ,  James M. Janky

IPC分类号： G01S5/14 ,  G01S19/11 ,  G01S19/48 ,  G07C9/00 ,  G08B21/22 ,  G08B21/00

CPC分类号： G07C9/00111 ,  G01S19/48 ,  G08B21/22 ,  G08B21/245

摘要： Method and apparatus for monitoring present location of a person ("confinee") who is to be confined to a designated site, which site can have a diameter as small as a few meters or as large as several kilometers. The present location of the confinee is checked at selected time intervals with time periods ranging from one second to thousands of seconds, as desired. The confinee wears a location-determining ("LD") unit that receives electromagnetic signals that contain information allowing determination of the present location of the LD unit, and thus of the confinee, from three or more non-collinear outdoor LD signal sources and from three or more non-collinear indoor LD signal sources. The indoor LD signal sources may be radiowave transmitters. The outdoor LD signal sources may be transmitters for a Loran, Omega, Decca, Tacan, JTIDS Relnav or PLRS or similar ground-based system, or transmitters for a satellite positioning system, such as GPS or GLONASS. The relative phases or transmission times for the signals from each indoor LD signal source are determined and provided for the LD unit. The present location or change location of the LD unit is determined and compared with the permitted site location coordinates at a sequence of selected times to determine if the confinee is present at the site at such times. The LD unit issues an alarm signal if the confinee is not on the site and has not arranged beforehand to leave the permitted site for a selected time interval. �The permitted site can be redefined, for a selected time interval, to include the first permitted site, a second permitted site and a corridor extending between the first and second permitted sites for a selected time interval, after which the permitted site can be changed again to include only the first or the second permitted site or a portion thereof. �This allows the confinee to temporarily leave the original permitted site to seek medical attention or to attend to other needs, or to be moved permanently to the second site.! The permitted site can be redefined at any time and for any subsequent time interval. One or more exclusion sites can be designated where the confinee is not permitted to go at any time.!

公开(公告)号：US5568119A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-22

申请号：US171228

申请日：1993-12-21

申请人： John F. Schipper ,  James M. Janky

发明人： John F. Schipper ,  James M. Janky

IPC分类号： G01S5/14 ,  G01S19/11 ,  G01S19/48 ,  G07C9/00 ,  G08B21/22 ,  G08B23/00 ,  G01J3/48

CPC分类号： G01S19/48 ,  G07C9/00111 ,  G08B21/22 ,  G08B21/245

摘要： Method and apparatus for monitoring present location of a site arrestee confined to a permitted site of arbitrary size. Present location of the arrestee can be checked at selected time intervals of several hundred milliseconds to thousands of seconds, as desired. The arrestee wears a location-determining ("LD") unit that receives electromagnetic signals that contain information allowing determination of the present location of the LD unit and arrestee, from three or more non-collinear signal sources. These sources may be radiowave subcarrier transmitters, or may be a combination of radiowave subcarrier transmitters and (1) transmitters for a Loran, Omega, Decca, Tacan, JTIDS Relnav or PLRS or similar ground-based system, or (2) transmitters for a satellite-based positioning system, such as GPS or GLONASS. Present location or change in present location of the LD unit is determined and compared with the permitted site boundary at selected times to determine if the arrestee is present at the site. The LD unit issues an alarm signal if the arrestee is not on the presently defined site. The permitted site can be redefined, for a selected time interval, to include the first designated site, a second designated site and a corridor extending between the first and second designated sites. This allows the arrestee to temporarily leave the original designated site to seek service for medical or other needs, or to be transferred to another site. The arrestee can be excluded from one or more designated exclusion sites.

摘要翻译： 用于监控局限于被允许的任意大小的站点的现场位置的方法和装置。 可以根据需要以几百毫秒到几千秒的选定时间间隔检查被捕者的现在位置。 被拘捕者穿戴一个位置决定（“LD”）单位，接收电磁信号，该电磁信号包含允许从三个或更多个非共线信号源确定LD单元和被捕者的当前位置的信息。 这些源可以是无线电波副载波发射机，或者可以是无线电波副载波发射机和（1）用于罗兰，欧米加，迪卡卡，塔肯，JTIDS Relnav或PLRS或类似的基于地面的系统的发射机的组合，或者（2）用于 基于卫星的定位系统，如GPS或GLONASS。 确定LD单位当前位置或当前位置的变化，并在选定的时间与允许的场地边界进行比较，以确定被捕者是否存在于现场。 如果被拘留者不在目前确定的地点，LD单位发出警报信号。 允许的站点可以在选定的时间间隔内重新定义，以包括第一指定站点，第二指定站点和在第一和第二指定站点之间延伸的走廊。 这样就可以让被捕者暂时离开原来的指定地点寻求医疗或其他需要的服务，或转移到另一个地点。 被捕者可以从一个或多个指定的排除地点排除。

公开(公告)号：US5969595A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-19

申请号：US681160

申请日：1996-07-22

申请人： John F. Schipper ,  James Edwin Jones, Jr. ,  James M. Janky

发明人： John F. Schipper ,  James Edwin Jones, Jr. ,  James M. Janky

IPC分类号： B60R25/10

CPC分类号： B60R25/102 ,  B60R25/33 ,  B60W2550/402

摘要： Method and apparatus for providing security for a vehicle and for cargo transported on the vehicle. A location determination (LD) system determines vehicle location. A cargo unit carries a transceiver (or transmitter) that transmits a selected signal, either sua sponte or in response to receipt of a polling signal. The selected signal, if received by a receiver on the vehicle, is examined as to signal intensity, signal coding and/or time of receipt. If the received signal violates a selected condition, vehicle location is compared with an approved cargo destination. If the vehicle is not near a cargo destination, or if no selected signal is received at the receiver, an alarm signal is transmitted, which may include the vehicle location and/or the violated condition. If the LD system does not receive adequate LD signals to determine vehicle location, vehicle location coordinates are compared with a coordinate range for a signal obscuring region (SOR). Vehicle location within the SOR can be tracked using a supplemental LD system until the vehicle leaves the SOR. If LD signals are lost for too long, inside or outside an SOR, an alarm signal is transmitted. If vehicle location is outside a travel corridor, if the vehicle does not pass a waypoint, if vehicle velocity is below a low threshold for too long, or if vehicle velocity is above a high threshold, an alarm signal is transmitted. The LD system may be GPS, GLONASS, LORAN or other satellite- or ground-based system.

摘要翻译： 用于为车辆和在车辆上运输的货物提供安全的方法和装置。 位置确定（LD）系统确定车辆位置。 货物单元携带发送所选信号的收发器（或发送器），或者响应于接收到轮询信号。 所选择的信号（如果由车辆上的接收器接收到的）被检查为信号强度，信号编码和/或接收时间。 如果接收到的信号违反选定的条件，车辆位置将与批准的货物目的地进行比较。 如果车辆不靠近货物目的地，或者如果在接收机处没有接收到选定的信号，则发送报警信号，其中可能包括车辆位置和/或违反条件。 如果LD系统没有接收足够的LD信号来确定车辆位置，则将车辆位置坐标与信号遮蔽区域（SOR）的坐标范围进行比较。 SOR内的车辆位置可以使用补充的LD系统进行跟踪，直到车辆离开SOR。 如果LD信号在SOR内部或外部丢失太长时间，则发送报警信号。 如果车辆位置在旅行走廊之外，如果车辆没有通过航路点，如果车辆速度低于低阈值太长时间，或车速高于高阈值，则发送报警信号。 LD系统可以是GPS，GLONASS，LORAN或其他卫星或地面系统。

公开(公告)号：US5929752A

公开(公告)日：1999-07-27

申请号：US814982

申请日：1997-03-11

申请人： James M. Janky ,  Hamid Najafi ,  John F. Schipper

发明人： James M. Janky ,  Hamid Najafi ,  John F. Schipper

IPC分类号： B60R25/10 ,  G01S5/00 ,  G08G1/123 ,  H04W4/18 ,  H04W48/08 ,  H04W64/00 ,  H04W84/04

CPC分类号： G08G1/205 ,  B60R25/102 ,  B60R25/33 ,  H04W64/00 ,  B60R2325/205 ,  B60R2325/304 ,  B60W2550/402 ,  G01S2205/002 ,  G01S2205/008 ,  G01S5/0027 ,  H04W4/18 ,  H04W48/08 ,  H04W84/042

摘要： Apparatus and method for a location determination and reporting (LDR) system for clandestinely determining and reporting a missing vehicle present location. The vehicle is equipped with a handheld cellular phone unit and controller that are accepted and held by a cellular phone cradle that can include electrical power and/or a location determination (LD) unit to determines the LD unit present location. The cellular phone unit can operate on one cellular channel or on two distinct cellular channels. When the vehicle is reported missing, the central station interrogates the vehicle LDR system to determine the vehicle present location. A location interrogation signal is transmitted, commanding the LD unit to transmit its present location. The cellular phone does not signal receipt of an incoming call for an initial time period of selected length .DELTA.td, awaiting possible receipt of a location interrogation signal on the first cellular channel. If the incoming call includes a location interrogation signal, the cellular phone does not "ring" but transmits information on the vehicle's present location to the central station. If the incoming call does not include a location interrogation signal, the cellular phone "rings" audibly or visually, after the initial time delay, and behaves as a normal cellular phone for that call on the second cellular channel. The cellular phone functions normally if a vehicle occupant attempts to use the phone. An unauthorized user of the vehicle receives no indication that the innocuous cellular phone is used to track the vehicle present location.

摘要翻译： 用于秘密确定和报告缺失车辆现场位置的位置确定和报告（LDR）系统的装置和方法。 该车辆配备有手持式蜂窝电话单元和控制器，其被蜂窝电话支架接收和保持，其可以包括电力和/或位置确定（LD）单元，以确定LD单元当前位置。 蜂窝电话单元可以在一个蜂窝信道上或两个不同的蜂窝信道上操作。 当报告车辆失踪时，中心站询问车辆LDR系统以确定车辆当前位置。 发送位置询问信号，指示LD单元发送其当前位置。 蜂窝电话没有在选定长度DELTA td的初始时间周期内发出来电的接收，等待可能在第一蜂窝信道上接收到位置询问信号。 如果来电包括位置询问信号，则蜂窝电话不会“振铃”，而是将车辆当前位置的信息发送到中心站。 如果来电不包括位置询问信号，则在初始时间延迟之后，蜂窝电话以可听或视觉的方式“振铃”，并且在第二蜂窝信道上表现为用于该呼叫的普通蜂窝电话。 如果车辆乘客试图使用电话，蜂窝电话将正常工作。 车辆的未经授权的用户没有接收到无害的蜂窝电话用于跟踪车辆当前位置的指示。

公开(公告)号：US6166626A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-26

申请号：US361350

申请日：1999-07-26

申请人： James M. Janky ,  Hamid Najafi ,  John F. Schipper

发明人： James M. Janky ,  Hamid Najafi ,  John F. Schipper

IPC分类号： B60R25/10 ,  G01S5/00 ,  G08G1/123 ,  H04W4/18 ,  H04W48/08 ,  H04W64/00 ,  H04W84/04

CPC分类号： G08G1/205 ,  B60R25/102 ,  B60R25/33 ,  B60R2325/205 ,  B60R2325/304 ,  B60W2550/402 ,  G01S5/0027 ,  G01S2205/002 ,  G01S2205/008 ,  H04W4/18 ,  H04W48/08 ,  H04W64/00 ,  H04W84/042

摘要： Apparatus and method for a location determination and reporting (LDR) system for clandestinely determining and reporting a missing vehicle present location. The vehicle is equipped with a handheld cellular phone unit and controller that are accepted and held by a cellular phone cradle that can include electrical poster and/or a location determination (LD) unit to determines the LD unit present location. The cellular phone unit can operate on one cellular channel or on two distinct cellular channels. When the vehicle is reported missing, the central station interrogates the vehicle LDR system to determine the vehicle present location. A location interrogation signal is transmitted, commanding the LD unit to transmit its present location. The cellular phone does not signal receipt of an incoming call for an initial time period of selected length .DELTA.td, awaiting possible receipt of a location interrogation signal on the first cellular channel. If the incoming call includes a location interrogation signal, the cellular phone does not "ring" but transmits information on the vehicle's present location to the central station. If the incoming call does not include a location interrogation signal, the cellular phone "rings" audibly or visually, after the initial time delay, and behaves as a normal cellular phone for that call on the second cellular channel. The cellular phone functions normally if a vehicle occupant attempts to use the phone. An unauthorized user of the vehicle receives no indication that the innocuous cellular phone is used to track the vehicle present location.

摘要翻译： 用于秘密确定和报告缺失车辆现场位置的位置确定和报告（LDR）系统的装置和方法。 车辆配备有手持式蜂窝电话单元和控制器，其被蜂窝电话底座接受和保持，该手机支架可以包括电子海报和/或位置确定（LD）单元，以确定LD单元存在位置。 蜂窝电话单元可以在一个蜂窝信道上或两个不同的蜂窝信道上操作。 当报告车辆失踪时，中心站询问车辆LDR系统以确定车辆当前位置。 发送位置询问信号，指示LD单元发送其当前位置。 蜂窝电话没有在选定长度DELTA td的初始时间周期内发出来话呼叫的接收，等待可能在第一蜂窝信道上接收到位置询问信号。 如果来电包括位置询问信号，则蜂窝电话不会“振铃”，而是将车辆当前位置的信息发送到中心站。 如果来电不包括位置询问信号，则在初始时间延迟之后，蜂窝电话以可听或视觉的方式“振铃”，并且在第二蜂窝信道上表现为用于该呼叫的普通蜂窝电话。 如果车辆乘客试图使用电话，蜂窝电话将正常工作。 车辆的未经授权的用户没有接收到无害的蜂窝电话用于跟踪车辆当前位置的指示。

公开(公告)号：US5751245A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-12

申请号：US610590

申请日：1996-03-07

申请人： James M. Janky ,  Eric A. Klein ,  John F. Schipper

发明人： James M. Janky ,  Eric A. Klein ,  John F. Schipper

IPC分类号： G01S5/00 ,  G08G1/123 ,  G01S5/04 ,  G01C21/00 ,  G06F7/70

CPC分类号： G08G1/202 ,  G01S5/0027 ,  G01S2205/002

摘要： A route exception reporting apparatus is mounted in a mobile shipping vehicle having a predetermined geographic route. The shipping vehicle may be a self-propelled vehicle containing cargo or may also be a separable self-contained shipping container carried on a transportation vehicle. At least a portion of the predetermined route is stored in the apparatus on board the shipping vehicle. The apparatus is provided with a geographic locating means for determining the shipping vehicle location, a comparator means for comparing the shipping vehicle location with at least one point of the predetermined route and a communication means for communicating with a central station. The apparatus is configured to communicate the shipping vehicle location to the central station when the comparator means computes a difference between the shipping vehicle location at a particular point in time and the predetermined route point corresponding with that particular time point which exceeds a predetermined limit. The central station may be provided with an alarm and display means for notifying personnel at the central station of the occurrence of a route location exception.

摘要翻译： 路线异常报告装置安装在具有预定地理路线的移动运输车辆中。 运输车辆可以是包含货物的自行式车辆，也可以是运输车辆上携带的可分离的独立运输集装箱。 预定路线的至少一部分被存储在船上的装置中。 该装置设置有用于确定运输车辆位置的地理定位装置，用于将运输车辆位置与预定路线的至少一个点进行比较的比较装置和用于与中心站通信的通信装置。 该装置被配置为当比较器装置计算特定时间点上的运输车辆位置与对应于超过预定极限的该特定时间点的预定路线点之间的差异时，将运输车辆位置通信给中心站。 中央车站可以设置有报警和显示装置，用于通知中心站的人员出现路线位置异常。