公开(公告)号：US20170360306A1

公开(公告)日：2017-12-21

申请号：US15507659

申请日：2015-09-08

Applicant: Apple, Inc.

Inventor： Ravi Narasimhan ,  Zijing Zeng ,  Richard C. Kimoto ,  Erno Klaassen ,  Thomas J. Sullivan ,  Derek Park-Shing Young ,  Todd K. Whitehurst

IPC: A61B5/022 ,  A61B5/021 ,  A61B5/00

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to blood pressure monitoring. In some embodiments, methods and devices of measuring a mean arterial pressure are provided and/or monitoring blood pressure changes. A wrist-worn device may include a plurality of sensors backed by a plurality of actuators. Subsets of the plurality of sensors may be selectively actuateable against a wrist of a user using one or more of the plurality of actuators. A preferred sensor and location may be identified based on pressure signals received from each of the sensors. In some embodiments, devices may use a fluid bladder coupled with piezoelectric film sensors. A fluid bladder pressure sensor may be used to calibrate the piezoelectric film signal to provide a static and dynamic pressure reading. In yet another embodiment, a mean arterial pressure may be calculated by processing a swept pressure signal obtained as a sensor is swept through different heights.

公开(公告)号：US12220213B2

公开(公告)日：2025-02-11

申请号：US16987851

申请日：2020-08-07

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Erno H. Klaassen ,  Wren Nancy Dougherty ,  Richard C. Kimoto ,  Ravi K. Narasimhan ,  Thomas J. Sullivan ,  Stephen J. Waydo ,  Todd K. Whitehurst ,  Santiago Quijano ,  Derek Park-Shing Young ,  Zijing Zeng

IPC: A61B5/021 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/11 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  G16H20/00 ,  G16H40/67

Abstract: Methods and devices for obtaining a blood pressure measurement of a subject measure a transit time of a blood pulse of the subject. A method includes sensing, with a pulse ejection sensor of a wrist-worn device, ejection of blood from the left ventricle. Arrival of a resulting blood pressure pulse at the wrist is sensed via a pulse arrival sensor of the wrist-worn device. A transit time of the blood pressure pulse from the left ventricle to the wrist is determined. A relative blood pressure value of the subject is determined based on the transit time. A reference absolute blood pressure value associated with the relative blood pressure value is received. An absolute blood pressure value for the relative blood pressure value is determined based on the reference absolute blood pressure value and the relative blood pressure value.

公开(公告)号：US10702171B2

公开(公告)日：2020-07-07

申请号：US15507659

申请日：2015-09-08

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Ravi Narasimhan ,  Zijing Zeng ,  Richard C. Kimoto ,  Erno Klaassen ,  Thomas J. Sullivan ,  Derek Park-Shing Young ,  Todd K. Whitehurst

IPC: A61B5/022 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/021

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to blood pressure monitoring. In some embodiments, methods and devices of measuring a mean arterial pressure are provided and/or monitoring blood pressure changes. A wrist-worn device may include a plurality of sensors backed by a plurality of actuators. Subsets of the plurality of sensors may be selectively actuateable against a wrist of a user using one or more of the plurality of actuators. A preferred sensor and location may be identified based on pressure signals received from each of the sensors. In some embodiments, devices may use a fluid bladder coupled with piezoelectric film sensors. A fluid bladder pressure sensor may be used to calibrate the piezoelectric film signal to provide a static and dynamic pressure reading. In yet another embodiment, a mean arterial pressure may be calculated by processing a swept pressure signal obtained as a sensor is swept through different heights.

公开(公告)号：US20200367767A1

公开(公告)日：2020-11-26

申请号：US16990650

申请日：2020-08-11

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Thomas J. Sullivan ,  Wren Nancy Dougherty ,  Richard C. Kimoto ,  Erno Klaassen ,  Ravi K. Narasimhan ,  Stephen J. Waydo ,  Todd K. Whitehurst ,  Derek Park-Shing Young ,  Santiago Quijano ,  Zijing Zeng

IPC: A61B5/021 ,  A61B5/0408 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/00

Abstract: A pulse transit time is measured non-invasively and used to calculate a blood pressure value. A method of determining one or more blood pressure values includes propagating an alternating drive current through a thorax of a subject via electrodes located on a wrist-worn device. Resulting voltage levels of the subject are sensed by the wrist-worn device. The voltage levels are processed to detect when a volume of blood is ejected from the left ventricle. Output from a pulse arrival sensor coupled to the wrist-worn device is processed to detect when a blood pressure pulse generated by ejection of the volume of blood from the left ventricle arrives at the wrist. A pulse transit time (PTT) for transit of the blood pressure pulse from the left ventricle to the wrist is calculated. One or more blood pressure values for the subject are determined based on the PTT.

公开(公告)号：US10772512B2

公开(公告)日：2020-09-15

申请号：US15680931

申请日：2017-08-18

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Erno H. Klaassen ,  Wren Nancy Dougherty ,  Richard C. Kimoto ,  Ravi Narasimhan ,  Thomas J. Sullivan ,  Stephen J. Waydo ,  Todd K. Whitehurst ,  Santiago Quijano ,  Derek Park-Shing Young ,  Zijing Zeng

IPC: A61B5/021 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/11 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  G06F19/00

Abstract: The present invention provides non-invasive devices, methods, and systems for determining a pressure of blood within a cardiovascular system of a user, the cardiovascular system including a heart and the user having a wrist covered by skin. More particularly, the present invention discloses a variety of wrist-worn devices having a variety of sensors configured to non-invasively engage the skin on the wrist of the user for sensing a variety of user signals from the cardiovascular system of the user. Generally, approaches disclosed herein may passively track blood pressure values without any interaction required on the part of the user or may allow for on demand or point measurements of blood pressure values by having a user actively interact with the sensors of the wrist-worn device. Approaches disclosed herein further allow for absolute blood pressure values to be determined directly without the requirement for any periodic calibrations or for relative blood pressure values to be tracked so as to provide relative blood pressure indices.

公开(公告)号：US11918324B2

公开(公告)日：2024-03-05

申请号：US16990650

申请日：2020-08-11

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Thomas J. Sullivan ,  Wren Nancy Dougherty ,  Richard C. Kimoto ,  Erno Klaassen ,  Ravi K. Narasimhan ,  Stephen J. Waydo ,  Todd K. Whitehurst ,  Derek Park-Shing Young ,  Santiago Quijano ,  Zijing Zeng

IPC: A61B5/021 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/024 ,  A61B5/053 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/282

CPC classification number: A61B5/02125 ,  A61B5/14551 ,  A61B5/282 ,  A61B5/681 ,  A61B5/6824 ,  A61B5/02416 ,  A61B5/053

Abstract: A pulse transit time is measured non-invasively and used to calculate a blood pressure value. A method of determining one or more blood pressure values includes propagating an alternating drive current through a thorax of a subject via electrodes located on a wrist-worn device. Resulting voltage levels of the subject are sensed by the wrist-worn device. The voltage levels are processed to detect when a volume of blood is ejected from the left ventricle. Output from a pulse arrival sensor coupled to the wrist-worn device is processed to detect when a blood pressure pulse generated by ejection of the volume of blood from the left ventricle arrives at the wrist. A pulse transit time (PTT) for transit of the blood pressure pulse from the left ventricle to the wrist is calculated. One or more blood pressure values for the subject are determined based on the PTT.

公开(公告)号：US20210393152A1

公开(公告)日：2021-12-23

申请号：US17279841

申请日：2019-09-23

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Derek Park-Shing Young ,  Joseph M. Schmitt ,  Zijing Zeng ,  Erno H. Klaassen

IPC: A61B5/022

Abstract: A blood pressure cuff includes a support band that is selectively reconfigured between a flexible standby configuration and a measurement configuration. A blood pressure cuff includes an inflatable bladder, a support band, and a control unit. The support band is attached to and surrounds the inflatable bladder. The support band is reconfigurable, in response to an input from the control unit, from a standby configuration for between blood pressure measurements to a measurement configuration for constraining the inflatable bladder while the inflatable bladder is in an inflated state during a blood pressure measurement. The control unit includes a bladder pump for inflation of the inflatable bladder during a blood pressure measurement and controls the selective reconfiguration of the support band.

公开(公告)号：US20170340219A1

公开(公告)日：2017-11-30

申请号：US15681024

申请日：2017-08-18

Applicant: Apple, Inc.

Inventor： Thomas J. Sullivan ,  Wren Nancy Dougherty ,  Richard C. Kimoto ,  Erno Klaassen ,  Ravi Narasimhan ,  Stephen J. Waydo ,  Todd K. Whitehurst ,  Derek Park-Shing Young ,  Santiago Quijano ,  Zijing Zeng

IPC: A61B5/021 ,  A61B5/0408 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/024 ,  A61B5/053

CPC classification number: A61B5/02125 ,  A61B5/02416 ,  A61B5/04085 ,  A61B5/053 ,  A61B5/14551 ,  A61B5/681 ,  A61B5/6824

Abstract: Wrist-worn devices and related methods measure a pulse transit time non-invasively and calculate a blood pressure value using the pulse transit time. A wrist-worn device include a wrist-worn elongate band, at least four EKG or ICG electrodes coupled to the wrist-worn device for detecting a ventricular ejection of a heart, a photo-plethysmogram (PPG) sensor coupled to the wrist-worn device for detecting arrival of a blood pressure pulse at the user's wrist, and a controller configured to calculate a pulse transit time (PTT) for the blood pressure pulse. The controller calculates one or more blood pressure values for the user based on the PTT.

公开(公告)号：US20200367760A1

公开(公告)日：2020-11-26

申请号：US16987851

申请日：2020-08-07

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Erno H. Klaassen ,  Wren Nancy Dougherty ,  Richard C. Kimoto ,  Ravi K. Narasimhan ,  Thomas J. Sullivan ,  Stephen J. Waydo ,  Todd K. Whitehurst ,  Santiago Quijano ,  Derek Park-Shing Young ,  Zijing Zeng

IPC: A61B5/021 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/11

Abstract: Methods and devices for obtaining a blood pressure measurement of a subject measure a transit time of a blood pulse of the subject. A method includes sensing, with a pulse ejection sensor of a wrist-worn device, ejection of blood from the left ventricle. Arrival of a resulting blood pressure pulse at the wrist is sensed via a pulse arrival sensor of the wrist-worn device. A transit time of the blood pressure pulse from the left ventricle to the wrist is determined. A relative blood pressure value of the subject is determined based on the transit time. A reference absolute blood pressure value associated with the relative blood pressure value is received. An absolute blood pressure value for the relative blood pressure value is determined based on the reference absolute blood pressure value and the relative blood pressure value.

公开(公告)号：US10779738B2

公开(公告)日：2020-09-22

申请号：US15681024

申请日：2017-08-18

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Thomas J. Sullivan ,  Wren Nancy Dougherty ,  Richard C. Kimoto ,  Erno Klaassen ,  Ravi Narasimhan ,  Stephen J. Waydo ,  Todd K. Whitehurst ,  Derek Park-Shing Young ,  Santiago Quijano ,  Zijing Zeng

IPC: A61B5/021 ,  A61B5/0408 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/024 ,  A61B5/053

Abstract: Wrist-worn devices and related methods measure a pulse transit time non-invasively and calculate a blood pressure value using the pulse transit time. A wrist-worn device include a wrist-worn elongate band, at least four EKG or ICG electrodes coupled to the wrist-worn device for detecting a ventricular ejection of a heart, a photo-plethysmogram (PPG) sensor coupled to the wrist-worn device for detecting arrival of a blood pressure pulse at the user's wrist, and a controller configured to calculate a pulse transit time (PTT) for the blood pressure pulse. The controller calculates one or more blood pressure values for the user based on the PTT.