公开(公告)号：US6081522A

公开(公告)日：2000-06-27

申请号：US885559

申请日：1997-06-30

申请人： Ariel Hendel ,  Leo A. Hejza ,  Shree Murthy

发明人： Ariel Hendel ,  Leo A. Hejza ,  Shree Murthy

IPC分类号： H04L12/56 ,  H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L45/742 ,  H04L49/602 ,  H04L49/205 ,  H04L49/3027 ,  H04L49/354

摘要： A multi-layer network element for forwarding received packets from an input port to one or more output ports. The packet is examined to look for different types of forwarding information. An associative memory is searched once for each type of information. The results from the two searches are combined to forward the packet to the appropriate one or more output ports. The packet may be examined for other information as well to make the forwarding decisions. In one embodiment, the invention examines the packet for layer 2 information as the first type and layer 3, and perhaps some layer 4, information as the second type. The results are merged to determine the most appropriate combination of layer 2 or layer 3 forwarding decisions for the packet.

摘要翻译： 一种用于将接收的分组从输入端口转发到一个或多个输出端口的多层网元。 检查数据包以查找不同类型的转发信息。 对于每种类型的信息搜索一次联想记忆。 将两个搜索的结果组合以将分组转发到适当的一个或多个输出端口。 可以检查分组以获得其他信息以做出转发决定。 在一个实施例中，本发明将层2信息的分组视为第一类型和层3，以及可能的一些第4层信息作为第二类型。 结果被合并以确定分组的第2层或第3层转发决策的最合适的组合。

公开(公告)号：US6088356A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-11

申请号：US884244

申请日：1997-06-30

申请人： Ariel Hendel ,  Leo A. Hejza ,  Shree Murthy ,  Louise Yeung

发明人： Ariel Hendel ,  Leo A. Hejza ,  Shree Murthy ,  Louise Yeung

IPC分类号： H04L12/46 ,  H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L49/602 ,  H04L49/205 ,  H04L49/3009 ,  H04L49/351

摘要： A multi-layer network element for forwarding received packets from an input port to one or more output ports. The packet is examined to look for first and second forwarding information. A packet is also assigned to a class and provided with default packet forwarding information. An associative memory is searched once for each type of information. The results from the two searches are combined with the default packet forwarding information to forward the packet to the appropriate one or more output ports. In some instances, the results of the first search dominate the forwarding decision, in other, the results of the second search dominate the forwarding decision, and in still other instances, the default information dominates.

摘要翻译： 一种用于将接收的分组从输入端口转发到一个或多个输出端口的多层网元。 检查数据包以查找第一和第二转发信息。 分组也被分配给一个类，并提供了默认的分组转发信息。 对于每种类型的信息搜索一次联想记忆。 将两次搜索的结果与默认分组转发信息相结合，将分组转发到适当的一个或多个输出端口。 在某些情况下，首次搜索的结果主导转发决策，另一方面，第二次搜索的结果主导转发决策，而在其他情况下，默认信息占主导地位。

公开(公告)号：US07032037B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-18

申请号：US10215667

申请日：2002-08-09

申请人： Paul J. Garnett ,  James E. King ,  Martin P. Mayhead ,  Peter Heffernan ,  Ariel Hendel ,  Leo A. Hejza ,  Thomas E. Giles

发明人： Paul J. Garnett ,  James E. King ,  Martin P. Mayhead ,  Peter Heffernan ,  Ariel Hendel ,  Leo A. Hejza ,  Thomas E. Giles

IPC分类号： G06F13/00

CPC分类号： G06F1/183 ,  G06F1/187 ,  G06F21/31 ,  G06F21/55 ,  G06F21/629 ,  G06F2221/2119 ,  G06F2221/2137 ,  G06F2221/2141 ,  G06F2221/2149 ,  G11B33/128 ,  H04L63/083 ,  H04L63/1416 ,  H05K7/1425 ,  H05K7/1489

摘要： A modular computer system may be provided. The modular computer system may comprise a carrier operable removably to receive a plurality of computer system modules therein. A plurality of information processing modules can be removably received in the carrier, each module may have a communications port operable to connect to a communications network internal to the carrier. The modular computer system may also comprise a switch operable to connect to the internal communications network to distribute information messages between the modules and to connect to an external communications network. An information distribution module may be provided removably received in the carrier operable connect to the internal communications network to receive an information message, to perform processing on the message to determine a destination, and to forward the message toward the determined destination via the internal communications network.

摘要翻译： 可以提供模块化计算机系统。 模块化计算机系统可以包括可移除地可操作地在其中接收多个计算机系统模块的载体。 多个信息处理模块可以被可移除地接收在载体中，每个模块可以具有可操作以连接到载体内部的通信网络的通信端口。 模块化计算机系统还可以包括可操作以连接到内部通信网络以在模块之间分发信息消息并连接到外部通信网络的交换机。 信息分配模块可以被提供可拆卸地接收在载体中，可操作地连接到内部通信网络以接收信息消息，对消息执行处理以确定目的地，并且经由内部通信网络向确定的目的地转发消息 。

公开(公告)号：US6049528A

公开(公告)日：2000-04-11

申请号：US885072

申请日：1997-06-30

申请人： Ariel Hendel ,  Leo A. Hejza ,  Sampath H. K. Kumar

发明人： Ariel Hendel ,  Leo A. Hejza ,  Sampath H. K. Kumar

IPC分类号： G06F13/00 ,  H04L12/56 ,  H04L29/06 ,  H04L29/12 ,  H04N1/16 ,  H04J3/16

CPC分类号： H04L47/10 ,  H04L29/06 ,  H04L29/12009 ,  H04L61/00 ,  H04L69/14

摘要： A network system dynamically controls data flow between physical links by logically combining multiple physical links into a single logical channel trunk, preferably to balance data flow carried by each link. Each link in the trunk has identical physical layer and identical media access control layer characteristics. A system server assigns a single media access control layer address to the single trunked logical channel, preferably randomly by hashing destination media access control layer addresses for the links. The system server includes, in addition to a physical layer and a network layer, a pseudo-driver software layer disposed therebetween, which pseudo-driver software layer functions as a multiplexer in a receive path and functions as a de-multiplexer in a transmit path. The resultant preferably Ethernet-compatible network system operates in full-duplex mode and distributes packets from the server to the links to preserve temporal order of data flow.

摘要翻译： 网络系统通过将多个物理链路逻辑组合成单个逻辑信道中继来动态地控制物理链路之间的数据流，优选地平衡每个链路携带的数据流。 中继线中的每个链路具有相同的物理层和相同的媒体访问控制层特性。 系统服务器将单个媒体访问控制层地址分配给单个集群逻辑信道，优选地通过对链接的哈希目的地媒体访问控制层地址进行随机分配。 除了物理层和网络层之外，系统服务器还包括设置在其间的伪驱动器软件层，该伪驱动器软件层在接收路径中用作多路复用器，并且在发送路径中用作解复用器 。 所得的优选以太网兼容的网络系统以全双工模式操作，并将分组从服务器分发到链路以保持数据流的时间顺序。

公开(公告)号：US5909686A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-01

申请号：US885047

申请日：1997-06-30

申请人： Shimon Muller ,  Ariel Hendel ,  Louise Yeung ,  Leo Hejza ,  Shree Murthy

发明人： Shimon Muller ,  Ariel Hendel ,  Louise Yeung ,  Leo Hejza ,  Shree Murthy

IPC分类号： G06F17/30 ,  H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L49/3009 ,  G06F17/30557 ,  H04L49/254 ,  Y10S707/99931 ,  Y10S707/99945 ,  Y10S707/99948

摘要： A method and apparatus for providing hardware-assisted CPU access to a forwarding database is described. According to one aspect of the present invention, a switch fabric provides access to a forwarding database on behalf of a processor. The switch fabric includes a memory access interface configured to arbitrate access to a forwarding database memory. The switch fabric also includes a search engine coupled to the memory access interface and to multiple input ports. The search engine is configured to schedule and perform accesses to the forwarding database memory and to transfer forwarding decisions retrieved therefrom to the input ports. The switch fabric further includes command execution logic that is configured to interface with the processor for performing forwarding database accesses requested by the processor. According to another aspect of the invention one or more commands are provided to implement the following functions: (1) learning a supplied address; (2) reading associated data corresponding to a supplied search key; (3) aging forwarding database entries; (4) invalidating entries; (5) accessing mask data, such as mask data that may be stored in a mask per bit (MPB) content addressable memory (CAM), corresponding to a particular search key; (6) replacing forwarding database entries; and (7) accessing entries in the forwarding database.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于向转发数据库提供硬件辅助CPU访问的方法和装置。 根据本发明的一个方面，交换结构代表处理器提供对转发数据库的访问。 交换结构包括被配置为仲裁对转发数据库存储器的访问的存储器访问接口。 交换结构还包括耦合到存储器访问接口和多个输入端口的搜索引擎。 搜索引擎被配置为调度和执行对转发数据库存储器的访问，并将从其检索的转发决定传送到输入端口。 交换结构还包括命令执行逻辑，其被配置为与处理器接口以执行由处理器请求的转发数据库访问。 根据本发明的另一方面，提供一个或多个命令以实现以下功能：（1）学习所提供的地址; （2）读取与提供的搜索关键字对应的关联数据; （3）老化转发数据库条目; （4）使条目无效; （5）访问对应于特定搜索关键字的掩码数据，例如可能存储在每位掩码（MPB）内容可寻址存储器（CAM））中的掩码数据; （6）替换转发数据库条目; 和（7）访问转发数据库中的条目。

公开(公告)号：US07992144B1

公开(公告)日：2011-08-02

申请号：US11098195

申请日：2005-04-04

申请人： Ariel Hendel ,  Yatin Gajjar ,  May Lin ,  Rahoul Puri ,  Michael Wong

发明人： Ariel Hendel ,  Yatin Gajjar ,  May Lin ,  Rahoul Puri ,  Michael Wong

IPC分类号： G06F15/16 ,  G06F9/455

CPC分类号： G06F9/5077 ,  G06F9/45558 ,  G06F2009/45595

摘要： A network system that provides for separating and isolating control of processing entities in a network interface. A network interface unit is operably connected to a plurality of processing entities and a plurality of memory units that define a shared memory space. The network interface unit further comprises a memory access module that includes a plurality of memory access channels, a packet classifier, and a plurality of scheduling control modules that are operable to control processing of data transported by the network. One of the processing entities operates as a hypervisor to configure control resources to isolate operation of the plurality of data processing partitions to process data transported by the network system. The packet classifier is operable to provide an association between packets and the plurality of asymmetrical data processing. In various embodiments of the invention, the asymmetrical data processing partitions can comprise a plurality of processor cores, a single processor core, a combination of strands of an individual processor core or a single strand of an individual processor core. The asymmetrical data processing partitions are scalable by adding additional processing entities.

摘要翻译： 一种网络系统，用于分离和隔离网络接口中处理实体的控制。 网络接口单元可操作地连接到多个处理实体和定义共享存储器空间的多个存储器单元。 网络接口单元还包括存储器访问模块，其包括多个存储器访问通道，分组分类器和可操作以控制由网络传送的数据的处理的多个调度控制模块。 其中一个处理实体作为管理程序来配置控制资源以隔离多个数据处理分区的操作，以处理网络系统传输的数据。 分组分类器可操作以提供分组与多个非对称数据处理之间的关联。 在本发明的各种实施例中，非对称数据处理分区可以包括多个处理器核心，单个处理器核心，单个处理器核心的线束组合或单个处理器核心的单个链路的组合。 不对称数据处理分区可通过添加附加处理实体进行扩展。

公开(公告)号：US07889734B1

公开(公告)日：2011-02-15

申请号：US11098063

申请日：2005-04-05

申请人： Ariel Hendel ,  Yatin Gajjar ,  May Lin ,  Rahoul Puri ,  Michael Wong

发明人： Ariel Hendel ,  Yatin Gajjar ,  May Lin ,  Rahoul Puri ,  Michael Wong

IPC分类号： H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L12/56 ,  H04L47/10

摘要： A method and apparatus for mapping sessions to preassigned processing entities in a network system. A network interface unit is operably connected to a plurality of processing entities and a plurality of memory units that define a shared memory space. The network interface unit further comprises a memory access module that includes a plurality of memory access channels, a packet classifier, and a plurality of scheduling control modules that are operable to control processing of data transported by the network. In various embodiments of the invention, predetermined subsets of the plurality of processing entities are operably associated with predetermined subsets of the plurality of memory units thereby defining a plurality of asymmetrical data processing partitions. The packet classifier is operable to provide an association between packets and the plurality of asymmetrical data processing partitions based upon an association with a predetermined session. In various embodiments of the invention, the asymmetrical data processing partitions can comprise a plurality of processor cores, a single processor core, a combination of strands of an individual processor core or a single strand of an individual processor core. The asymmetrical data processing partitions are scalable by adding additional processing entities.

摘要翻译： 一种用于将会话映射到网络系统中的预分配处理实体的方法和装置。 网络接口单元可操作地连接到多个处理实体和定义共享存储器空间的多个存储器单元。 网络接口单元还包括存储器访问模块，其包括多个存储器访问通道，分组分类器和可操作以控制由网络传送的数据的处理的多个调度控制模块。 在本发明的各种实施例中，多个处理实体中的预定子集可操作地与多个存储器单元中的预定子集相关联，从而定义多个非对称数据处理分区。 分组分类器可操作以基于与预定会话的关联来提供分组与多个非对称数据处理分区之间的关联。 在本发明的各种实施例中，非对称数据处理分区可以包括多个处理器核心，单个处理器核心，单个处理器核心的线束组合或单个处理器核心的单个链路的组合。 不对称数据处理分区可通过添加附加处理实体进行扩展。

公开(公告)号：US07415011B2

公开(公告)日：2008-08-19

申请号：US10653030

申请日：2003-08-29

申请人： Paul J. Garnett ,  Martin P. Mayhead ,  Thomas E. Giles ,  Ariel Hendel

发明人： Paul J. Garnett ,  Martin P. Mayhead ,  Thomas E. Giles ,  Ariel Hendel

IPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/56

CPC分类号： G11B33/126 ,  G11B33/128

摘要： A computer system comprises a plurality of shelves. Each shelf has a carrier for removably receiving a plurality of information processing modules and a switching module. Each shelf also has an interconnection member for providing connections between the information processing modules and the switching module. The switching modules of the respective shelves are interconnected in a logical stacking configuration to form a logical stacking arrangement.

摘要翻译： 计算机系统包括多个货架。 每个搁架具有用于可拆卸地接收多个信息处理模块和切换模块的载体。 每个搁架还具有用于提供信息处理模块和切换模块之间的连接的互连构件。 各个搁板的交换模块以逻辑堆叠配置互连以形成逻辑堆叠布置。

公开(公告)号：US07142540B2

公开(公告)日：2006-11-28

申请号：US10198923

申请日：2002-07-18

申请人： Ariel Hendel ,  Jochen Behrens ,  Ajoy Siddabatuni

发明人： Ariel Hendel ,  Jochen Behrens ,  Ajoy Siddabatuni

IPC分类号： H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L49/901 ,  H04L49/90 ,  H04L49/9052 ,  H04L49/9094

摘要： An apparatus and method for managing the receipt of communication traffic in the form of packets or other units. The apparatus includes a communication interface (e.g., a NIC, a TCA) coupled to one or more host computer systems. Through Direct Memory Access (DMA) operations, the interface reassembles payloads of received packets into host buffers based on their sequence numbers, without buffering them in the interface. Packet headers are separated from the payloads and passed to a host for protocol processing after the payload DMA is completed. Host buffers may be of virtually any size. For each communication connection, state information is maintained on the interface, which may identify an upper level protocol so that an upper level protocol header is passed to the host as part of the packet header, not as part of the payload. Protocol termination remains in the host.

摘要翻译： 一种用于以分组或其他单元的形式管理接收通信业务的装置和方法。 该装置包括耦合到一个或多个主机系统的通信接口（例如，NIC，TCA）。 通过直接存储器访问（DMA）操作，接口将接收到的数据包的有效载荷根据其序列号重新组合到主机缓冲区中，而不会在接口中缓存它们。 分组报头与有效载荷分离，并在有效载荷DMA完成后传递给主机进行协议处理。 主机缓冲区可能几乎是任何大小。 对于每个通信连接，在接口上维护状态信息，其可以标识上级协议，使得上级协议报头作为分组报头的一部分而不是作为有效载荷的一部分传递到主机。 协议终止保留在主机中。

公开(公告)号：US06873630B1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-29

申请号：US09314782

申请日：1999-05-19

申请人： Shimon Muller ,  Ariel Hendel

发明人： Shimon Muller ,  Ariel Hendel

IPC分类号： H04L12/40 ,  H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/413 ,  H04L29/06 ,  H04L29/08 ,  H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L29/06 ,  H04L69/14 ,  H04L69/323

摘要： An Ethernet architecture is provided for connecting a computer system or other network entity to a dedicated Ethernet network medium. The network interface enables the transmission and receipt of data by striping individual Ethernet frames across a plurality of logical channels and may thus operate at substantially the sum of the individual channel rates. Each channel may be conveyed by a separate conductor (e.g., in a bundle) or the channels may be carried simultaneously on a shared medium (e.g., an electrical or optical conductor that employs a form of multiplexing). On a sending station, a distributor within the sender's network interface receives Ethernet frames (e.g., from a MAC) and distributes frame bytes in a round-robin fashion on the plurality of channels. Each “mini-frame” is separately framed and encoded for transmission across its channel. On a receiving station, the receiver's network interface includes a collector for collecting the multiple mini-frames (e.g., after decoding) and reconstructing the frame's byte stream (e.g., for transfer to the receiver's MAC). The first and last bytes of each frame and mini-frame are marked for ease of recognition. Multiple unique idle symbols may be employed for transmission during inter-packet gaps to facilitate the collector's synchronization of the multiple channels and/or enhance error detection. A maximum channel skew is specified, and each received channel may be buffered with an elasticity that is proportional to the maximum skew so that significant propagation delay may be encountered between channels without disrupting communications.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于将计算机系统或其他网络实体连接到专用以太网网络介质的以太网架构。 网络接口通过跨多个逻辑信道划分单个以太网帧来实现数据的传输和接收，并且因此可以基本上以各个信道速率的总和来操作。 每个通道可以由单独的导体（例如，束）传送，或者可以在共享介质（例如采用多路复用形式的电或光导体）上同时携带通道。 在发送站上，发送者网络接口内的分发者接收以太网帧（例如，从MAC），并以循环方式在多个信道上分配帧字节。 每个“迷你帧”被单独成帧和编码以在其信道上传输。 在接收站，接收机的网络接口包括用于收集多个迷你帧（例如，在解码之后）并重构帧的字节流（例如，用于传送到接收机的MAC）的收集器。 每个帧和小帧的第一个和最后一个字节被标记为易于识别。 可以采用多个唯一的空闲符号来进行间隔间间隔期间的传输，以便收集器同步多个信道和/或增强错误检测。 指定最大信道偏移，并且每个接收信道可以以与最大偏移成比例的弹性来缓冲，使得可以在通道之间遇到显着的传播延迟而不中断通信。