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公开(公告)号：US4474027A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-02
申请号：US462599
申请日：1983-01-31
申请人： Azmi Kaya , William H. Moss
发明人： Azmi Kaya , William H. Moss
CPC分类号： G05D23/20 , F28C1/00 , F28F27/003 , Y02B30/748 , Y10S261/11
摘要： A system for optimizing the control of the water temperature within a cooling tower is disclosed. The temperature and the relative humidity of the air outside the cooling tower are measured and are selectively utilized as inputs to a plurality of modules containing function blocks in a logic arrangement. The function blocks produce an output signal indicative of the wet bulb temperature of the outside air which is compared to the cooling tower water temperature causing the speed of the cooling tower fans to be adjusted in response to the temperature difference therebetween.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于优化冷却塔内的水温控制的系统。 测量冷却塔外的空气的温度和相对湿度，并将其有选择地用作包含逻辑布置中的功能块的多个模块的输入。 功能块产生指示外部空气的湿球温度的输出信号，其与冷却塔水温相比，导致冷却塔风扇的速度响应于它们之间的温差而被调节。
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公开(公告)号：US4685072A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-04
申请号：US688213
申请日：1985-01-02
CPC分类号： G01N33/0032 , F23M11/047 , F23N5/003
摘要： A system for the automatic and continuous determination of the efficiency of a fossil fuel-fired vapor generator for utilization by an automatic load control (88) to control the distribution of the system load among a plurality of generators, wherein various heat losses from various combustion sources are separately determined, the individual losses summed (80) and subtracted (86) from 100 percent to obtain a measure of the vapor generator efficiency.
摘要翻译： 一种用于通过自动负载控制（88）自动和连续地确定化石燃料燃烧蒸汽发生器的效率的系统，用于控制多个发电机之间的系统负荷的分布，其中来自各种燃烧的各种热损失 源单独确定，各个损失相加（80）并从100％减去（86），以获得蒸气发生器效率的量度。
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公开(公告)号：US4435650A
公开(公告)日：1984-03-06
申请号：US331060
申请日：1981-12-15
申请人： Donald J. Dziubakowski , Azmi Kaya , Marion A. Keyes , Theodore N. Matsko , William H. Moss , Thomas J. Scheib
发明人： Donald J. Dziubakowski , Azmi Kaya , Marion A. Keyes , Theodore N. Matsko , William H. Moss , Thomas J. Scheib
CPC分类号： F22B35/008 , F01K13/02 , Y10T307/414 , Y10T307/576
摘要： A load control for a system comprised of a plurality of energy converters wherein a System Control Signal proportional to system load is developed and utilized to simultaneously adjust the rate of energy conversion of each of the converters in parallel in accordance with changes in system load. The rate of energy conversion for each converter, while operating under stead-state conditions for a predetermined period of time, is readjusted until its actual incremental cost of production is equal to a desired incremental cost.
摘要翻译： 用于由多个能量转换器组成的系统的负载控制器，其中开发并利用与系统负载成比例的系统控制信号，以根据系统负载的变化同时调整每个转换器的能量转换速率。 重新调整每个转换器的能量转换速率，同时在替代状态下操作预定时间段，直到其实际的增加生产成本等于期望的增量成本为止。
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公开(公告)号：US5032976A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-16
申请号：US430847
申请日：1989-12-07
IPC分类号： D21C7/12
CPC分类号： D21C7/12 , Y10S162/10
摘要： A method and apparatus for controlling the delignification process by monitoring and minimizing variations in the Kappa Number and the digester residual chemical concentration. A parameter representative of the H factor for the delignification process and a measurement of the initial chemical concentration are utilized to produce signals representative of the actual Kappa Number and the residual acid concentration in the digester. The expected perturbations in Kappa Number and the residual chemical concentration are compared with target values for same to produce estimated errors due to mismatch which are compared with actual measured errors for these parameters to produce compensated control errors for same. The compensated control errors are utilized to modify the target values for the H factor and the initial chemical concentration by modifying the chemical charge and the time versus temperature operating parameters of the digestings to regulate pulp Kappa number and spent cooking liquor residual chemical concentrations of the process.
摘要翻译： 通过监测和最小化卡伯值和消化器残留化学物质浓度的变化来控制脱木质过程的方法和装置。 用于代表脱木质过程的H因子和初始化学浓度的测量的参数用于产生代表消化器中实际卡伯值和残留酸浓度的信号。 将卡帕值和残留化学浓度的预期扰动与目标值进行比较，以产生由于失配导致的误差，与这些参数的实际测量误差进行比较，以产生相同的补偿控制误差。 补偿控制误差用于修改H因子和初始化学浓度的目标值，通过修改化学成分和消化的时间与温度操作参数来调节纸浆的卡伯值和用过的蒸煮液的该过程的残留化学浓度 。
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公开(公告)号：US4990219A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-05
申请号：US430854
申请日：1989-11-01
IPC分类号： D21C7/12
CPC分类号： D21C7/12 , Y10S162/10
摘要： A method and apparatus for controlling the delignification process by monitoring and minimizing variations in the Kappa Number and the digester residual chemical concentration. A parameter representative of the H factor for the delignification process and a measurement of the initial chemical concentration are utilized to produce signals representative of the actual Kappa Number and the residual acid concentration in the digester. The expected perturbations in Kappa Number and the residue chemical concentration are compared with target values for same to produce estimated errors due to mismatch which are compared with actual measured errors for these parameters to produce compensated control errors for same. The compensated control errors are utilized to modify the target values for the H factor and the initial chemical concentration by modifying the chemical charge and the time versus temperature operating parameters of the digestings to regulate pulp Kappa number and spent cooking liquor residual chemical concentrations of the process.
摘要翻译： 通过监测和最小化卡伯值和消化器残留化学物质浓度的变化来控制脱木质过程的方法和装置。 用于代表脱木质过程的H因子和初始化学浓度的测量的参数用于产生代表消化器中实际卡伯值和残留酸浓度的信号。 将卡帕值和残留化学物质浓度的预期扰动与目标值进行比较，以产生由于失配引起的误差，与这些参数的实际测量误差进行比较，以产生相同的补偿控制误差。 补偿控制误差用于修改H因子和初始化学浓度的目标值，通过修改化学成分和消化的时间与温度操作参数来调节纸浆的卡伯值和用过的蒸煮液的该过程的残留化学浓度 。
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6.发明授权Distributed system for optimizing the performance of a plurality of multi-stage steam turbines using function blocks 失效用于使用功能块优化多个多级蒸汽轮机的性能的分布式系统
公开(公告)号：US4612621A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-16
申请号：US476088
申请日：1983-03-17
申请人： Azmi Kaya , Marion A. Keyes, IV
发明人： Azmi Kaya , Marion A. Keyes, IV
CPC分类号： G05B13/02
摘要： A system for optimizing the performance of a plurality of energy conversion devices is disclosed. Measurements of fluid flow into and out of the energy conversion devices, the efficiencies of the conversion devices and the power produced by the conversion devices are used as inputs to function blocks in a logic arrangements. The function blocks cause a decrease in load demand to be applied to the energy conversion device having the lowest efficiency and an increase in load demand to be applied to the energy conversion device having the highest efficiency.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于优化多个能量转换装置的性能的系统。 进入和离开能量转换装置的流体流量的测量，转换装置的效率和由转换装置产生的功率被用作逻辑布置中的功能块的输入。 功能块导致要施加到具有最高效率的能量转换装置的能量转换装置的负载需求的减小，并且对具有最高效率的能量转换装置的负载需求的增加。
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公开(公告)号：US4412136A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-25
申请号：US330995
申请日：1981-12-15
申请人： Azmi Kaya , Marion A. Keyes , Thomas J. Scheib
发明人： Azmi Kaya , Marion A. Keyes , Thomas J. Scheib
CPC分类号： F22B35/008 , H02J3/46 , Y10T307/352 , Y10T307/576
摘要： A load control for a system comprised of a plurality of energy converters wherein the energy output of all converters is adjusted in parallel to maintain the total rate of energy output from the system equal to demand and wherein during steady-state conditions the rate of energy conversion for that converter having the lowest incremental cost is increased and simultaneously the rate of energy conversion for that converter having the highest incremental cost is decreased a like amount.
摘要翻译： 用于由多个能量转换器组成的系统的负载控制器，其中所有转换器的能量输出并行调节以保持从系统输出的总速率等于需求，并且其中在稳态条件期间能量转换速率 对于具有最低增量成本的转换器而言，具有最高增量成本的转换器的能量转换速率同样降低。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4303982A
公开(公告)日：1981-12-01
申请号：US065020
申请日：1979-08-09
申请人： Azmi Kaya , Marion A. Keyes, IV , Michael P. Lukas
发明人： Azmi Kaya , Marion A. Keyes, IV , Michael P. Lukas
CPC分类号： F23N5/184 , G05D23/19 , F23N2021/10 , F23N2025/04
摘要： A system for the measurement and control of the rate of BTU input to a gas burner wherein a signal is generated corresponding to the square root of the product of the burner inlet pressure multiplied by the in-situ density olf the gas, which, multiplied by a signal of constant value, corresponds to the mass flow of gas to the burner. This signal is then multiplied by a second signal of constant value to generate a signal corresponding to the rate of BTU input to the burner and which is compared with a set point signal to regulate the mass flow of gas to the burner as required to maintain the rate of BTU input to the burner at set point.
摘要翻译： 一种用于测量和控制BTU输入到气体燃烧器的速率的系统，其中产生的信号对应于燃烧器入口压力的乘积的平方根乘以气体的原位密度乘以 恒定值的信号对应于燃烧器的气体的质量流量。 然后将该信号乘以恒定值的第二信号以产生对应于BTU输入到燃烧器的速率的信号，并将其与设定点信号进行比较，以调节气体到燃烧器的质量流量，以维持 BTU输入到燃烧器在设定点的速率。
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公开(公告)号：US4978425A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-18
申请号：US365350
申请日：1989-06-13
IPC分类号： D21C7/12
CPC分类号： D21C7/12 , Y10S162/10
摘要： A method and apparatus for controlling the delignification process by monitoring and minimizing variations in the Kappa Number and the digester residual chemical concentration. A parameter representative of the H factor for the delignification process and a measurement of the initial chemical concentration are utilized to produce signals representative of the actual Kappa Number and the residual acid concentration in the digester. The expected perturbations in Kappa Number and the residual chemical concentration are compared with target values for same to produce estimated errors due to mismatch which are compared with actual measured errors for these parameters to produce compensated control errors for same. The compensated control errors are utilized to modify the target values for the H factor and the initial chemical concentration by modifying the chemical charge and the time versus temperature operating parameters of the digestings to regulate pulp Kappa number and spent cooking liquor residual chemical concentrations of the process.
摘要翻译： 通过监测和最小化卡伯值和消化器残留化学物质浓度的变化来控制脱木质过程的方法和装置。 用于代表脱木质过程的H因子和初始化学浓度的测量的参数用于产生代表消化器中实际卡伯值和残留酸浓度的信号。 将卡帕值和残留化学浓度的预期扰动与目标值进行比较，以产生由于失配导致的误差，与这些参数的实际测量误差进行比较，以产生相同的补偿控制误差。 补偿控制误差用于修改H因子和初始化学浓度的目标值，通过修改化学成分和消化的时间与温度操作参数来调节纸浆的卡伯值和用过的蒸煮液的该过程的残留化学浓度 。
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公开(公告)号：US4507930A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-02
申请号：US592504
申请日：1984-03-23
申请人： Azmi Kaya , Alan C. Sommer
发明人： Azmi Kaya , Alan C. Sommer
CPC分类号： G01K17/10
摘要： A cooling tower monitor for determining the performance of a cooling tower includes temperature transmitters for determining the input water temperature, the output water temperature and the surrounding temperature of the tower. A flow transmitter measures the output flow of water and a speed transmitter determines the flow of air through the tower. A relative humidity transmitter is also utilized to measure the surrounding relative humidity. The transmitters are connected to function blocks to generate a value corresponding to the performance of the cooling tower as a function of the parameters measured. A first set of function blocks utilizes the surrounding temperature and relative humidity to calculate the wet bulb temperature of the air outside the tower. This measurement is utilized in conjunction with the input and output temperatures as well as the air flow value to calculate a nominal or available water flow rate for the tower. A standard condition tower unit and rating factor for the tower are utilized in this calculation. The available flow is then divided into the actual flow as determined by the water flow transmitter to obtain the performance value.
摘要翻译： 用于确定冷却塔性能的冷却塔监视器包括用于确定塔的输入水温，输出水温和周围温度的温度变送器。 流量传感器测量水的输出流量，速度传感器确定通过塔架的空气流。 相对湿度传感器也用于测量周围的相对湿度。 变送器连接到功能块，根据测量的参数产生与冷却塔性能相对应的值。 第一组功能块利用周围的温度和相对湿度来计算塔外空气的湿球温度。 该测量与输入和输出温度以及气流值一起使用，以计算塔的标称或可用水流量。 在这个计算中使用塔的标准状态塔单元和评级系数。 然后将可用流量分为由水流变送器确定的实际流量，以获得性能值。
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