Abstract:
In a method of stabilizing acrylic compounds, a liquid phase containing at least one acrylic compound is mixed with at least one metal and at least one ligand. The acrylic compound can be acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and their respective esters. The metal can be copper, manganese, and cerium. The ligand can be a quinoline compound of formula (I), an N-oxide of a compound of formula (I), 2,2′-bis(2,3-dihydro-3-oxoindolylidene), or an aliphatic y-dentate ligand with y being 2-6 and comprising at least two nitrogen atoms joined by aliphatic or aromatic C1-C4 bridges comprising y-2 further coordinating nitrogen atoms or heteroatoms: where X is OH, NH2, O—(C1-C4)-alkyl, O—C(O)—(C1-C4)-alkyl, or O—C(O)-phenyl; R1 is H, or (C1-C4)-alkyl; R2 is H, (C1-C4)-alkyl, Cl, Br, or SO3H; and R3 is H, Cl or Br.
Abstract:
Process for inhibiting the undesired free-radical polymerization of acrylic acid present in a liquid phase P, wherein the acrylic acid content of P is at least 10% by weight, the liquid phase P comprises in the range from 25 to 1000 ppmw of glyoxal based on the weight of the acrylic acid present in P and the liquid phase P is admixed with furfural in an amount that results in a furfural content in the range from 25 to 1000 ppmw based on the weight of the acrylic acid present in P. Liquid phase P, wherein the acrylic acid content of P is at least 10% by weight and the liquid phase P comprises in the range from 25 to 1000 ppmw of glyoxal and in the range from 25 to 1000 ppmw of furfural in each case based on the weight of the acrylic acid present in P.
Abstract:
A composition for the immediate stopping of a free-radical polymerization comprises a) an inhibitor for the free-radical polymerization selected from among phenothiazines, b) an aprotic solvent and c) an ionic liquid. It serves to stabilize free-radically polymerizable monomers against free-radical polymerization. For the immediate stopping of free-radical polymerizations, the composition is added to a free-radically polymerizing system.
Abstract:
A process for preparing acrylic acid from ethylene oxide and carbon monoxide, in which ethylene oxide is carbonylated in an aprotic solvent with carbon monoxide in the presence of a cobalt catalyst system to give poly-3-hydroxypropionate, the cobalt content in the poly-3-hydroxypropionate formed is reduced with the aid of water and/or an aqueous solution as a precipitation and/or wash liquid, and the poly-3-hydroxypropionate is subsequently split by thermolysis to give acrylic acid.
Abstract:
A process for preparing acrylic acid by thermolysis of poly-3-hydroxypropionate in the presence of one or more specific tertiary amines as a catalyst.
Abstract:
A process for production of acrylic acid includes preparing a product gas mixture by a catalytic gas-phase oxidation of a C3 precursor; cooling and contacting the cooled product gas mixture in an absorption column having at least two cooling loops in countercurrent with an absorbent to obtain an absorbate A, containing the absorbent and absorbed acrylic acid; condensing a high boiler fraction of the product gas mixture in a first cooling loop; condensing a low boiler fraction of the product gas mixture in a second cooling loop; maintaining a temperature of the absorbate A in the second cooling loop at a value of at least 56° C.; removing an acid water stream comprising glyoxal from the absorption column at a side take-off located above the second cooling loop; and removing a stream F of absorbate A from the absorption column at a side take-off, located at a height of the absorption column between the first cooling loop and the second cooling loop.
Abstract:
In a method of stabilizing acrylic compounds, a liquid phase containing at least one acrylic compound is mixed with at least one metal and at least one ligand. The acrylic compound can be acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and their respective esters. The metal can be copper, manganese, and cerium. The ligand can be a quinoline compound of formula (I), an N-oxide of a compound of formula (I), 2,2″-bis(2,3-dihydro-3-oxoindolylidene), or an aliphatic y-dentate ligand with y being 2-6 and comprising at least two nitrogen atoms joined by aliphatic or aromatic C1-C4 bridges comprising y-2 further coordinating nitrogen atoms or heteroatoms: where X is OH, NH2, O—(C1-C4)-alkyl, O—C(O)—(C1-C4)-alkyl, or O—C(O)-phenyl; R1 is H, or (C1-C4)-alkyl; R2 is H, (C1-C4)-alkyl, Cl, Br, or SO3H; and R3 is H, Cl or Br.
Abstract:
A process for preparing acrylic acid from ethylene oxide and carbon monoxide, in which ethylene oxide is carbonylated in an aprotic solvent with carbon monoxide in the presence of a cobalt catalyst system to give poly-3-hydroxypropionate, the cobalt content in the poly-3-hydroxypropionate formed is reduced with the aid of water and/or an aqueous solution as a precipitation and/or wash liquid, and the poly-3-hydroxypropionate is subsequently split by thermolysis to give acrylic acid.