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公开(公告)号：US3899297A
公开(公告)日：1975-08-12
申请号：US42608873
申请日：1973-12-19
申请人： BLOCK ENGINEERING
发明人： HIRSCHFELD TOMAS
CPC分类号： G01N21/6428 , G01N2021/6421 , Y10S435/808 , Y10T436/143333
摘要： A technique for distinguishing between closely related biological compounds by staining one of the compounds with a mixture of dyes, at least two of which bind to a first one of the compounds with a first difference in binding energies. The dyed compound is spectrally excited, and the intensities of a selected pair of widely separated spectral peaks are measured and ratioed. For that mixture of dyes and the selected pair of peaks, the ratio is characteristic of the first compound and can be used to distinguish that first compound from other closely related compounds by comparison of the measured ratio with standard values attained by dyeing known samples of the various closely related compounds with the same combination of dyes and measuring the intensities at the same selected pair of peaks.
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公开(公告)号：US3907437A
公开(公告)日：1975-09-23
申请号：US35474773
申请日：1973-04-26
申请人： BLOCK ENGINEERING
发明人： HIRSCHFELD TOMAS
CPC分类号： G01N15/0205 , G01N15/147
摘要： A system for differentiating among biological cells by determining the shape of the cell nuclei compared to a sphere. The nuclei are dyed and measurement is made of the transmission through the nuclei of the cells of radiation to which the nuclei are optically dense. The number of cells corresponding to each of several different degrees of transmission is then counted.
摘要翻译： 用于通过与球体相比确定细胞核的形状来区分生物细胞的系统。 细胞核被染色，并且测量通过细胞核细胞核密集的细胞核的透射。 然后计数与几个不同传播程度中的每一个相对应的单元的数量。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US3872312A
公开(公告)日：1975-03-18
申请号：US37580773
申请日：1973-07-02
申请人： BLOCK ENGINEERING
发明人： HIRSCHFELD TOMAS
CPC分类号： G01N15/0205 , G01N21/6428
摘要： Free floating viruses are detected and sized by a method which combines fluorescent staining with the observation of a modulation of the fluorescence intensity by Brownian motion of the particles in combination with a spatial filter. Intensity modulation and fluorescence data provides a set of descriptors useful in distinguishing the type of virus involved, particularly if also combined with data regarding the scattering of light by the particles. The method and apparatus are also usable in connection with detection and classification of other biological particles having the same order of magnitude of size as viruses.
摘要翻译： 通过结合荧光染色和通过与空间滤波器组合的颗粒的布朗运动来观察荧光强度的调节的方法来检测和定尺寸自由漂浮的病毒和大小。 强度调制和荧光数据提供了一组描述符，用于区分所涉病毒的类型，特别是如果还结合有关颗粒散射光的数据。 该方法和装置也可用于与具有与病毒相同数量级的其他生物颗粒的检测和分类。
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公开(公告)号：US3928554A
公开(公告)日：1975-12-23
申请号：US42635673
申请日：1973-12-19
申请人： BLOCK ENGINEERING
发明人： HIRSCHFELD TOMAS
CPC分类号： C09B67/0084 , G01N1/30 , Y10S534/01 , Y10S534/05
摘要： A technique for dyeing biological samples with dyes that are relatively insoluble in water or with combinations of dyes which are incompatible. The technique involves forming an emulsion of an immiscible solvent as the dispersed phase in water. The solvent can contain a very high concentration of a dye which is relatively insoluble in water, therefore constituting a reservoir for the diffusion of dye from the high concentration dispersed phase, through the water to the staining sites. In another aspect of the invention, one or more dispersed phases of dyes in immiscible solvents suspended in water provides a dye system for using a plurality of dyes which normally one would avoid mixing because they are incompatible. Additionally, another dyestuff can be dissolved in the water phase of the emulsion.
摘要翻译： 用相对不溶于水或与不相容的染料组合的染料染色生物样品的技术。 该技术涉及在水中形成作为分散相的不混溶溶剂的乳液。 溶剂可以含有非常高浓度的相对不溶于水的染料，因此构成用于将染料从高浓度分散相扩散通过水到污染部位的储存器。 在本发明的另一方面，悬浮在水中的不混溶溶剂中的一种或多种染料的分散相提供了使用多种染料的染料体系，通常它们将避免混合，因为它们是不相容的。 此外，另一种染料可以溶解在乳液的水相中。
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公开(公告)号：US3864087A
公开(公告)日：1975-02-04
申请号：US35984573
申请日：1973-05-14
申请人： BLOCK ENGINEERING
发明人： HIRSCHFELD TOMAS
CPC分类号： G01N31/166 , Y10T436/255
摘要： A chemical measuring system of the titration type comprises an elongated, hollow conduit, the walls of which are formed of a porous membrane. The conduit is suspended in a body of titrant. In operation a sample fluid is passed through the conduit. Titrant permeates the walls of the conduit and reacts with the sample. An end point is observed by an observable change at some position along the conduit, that position being proportional to the concentration of the sample.
摘要翻译： 滴定型化学测量系统包括细长的中空导管，其壁由多孔膜形成。 导管悬挂在滴剂体内。 在操作中，样品流体通过导管。 滴定剂渗透导管的壁并与样品反应。 通过在导管的某个位置处的可观察的变化观察到终点，该位置与样品的浓度成比例。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US3887812A
公开(公告)日：1975-06-03
申请号：US49250174
申请日：1974-07-29
申请人： BLOCK ENGINEERING
发明人： HIRSCHFELD TOMAS
CPC分类号： G01N21/6428 , G01N15/0205
摘要： Free floating viruses are detected and sized by a method which combines fluorescent staining with the observation of a modulation of the fluorescence intensity by Brownian motion of the particles in combination with a particular spatial filter. Intensity modulation and fluorescence data provides a set of descriptors useful in distinguishing the type of virus involved, particularly if also combined with data regarding the scattering of light by the particles. The method and apparatus are also usable in connection with detection and classification of other biological particles having the same order of magnitude of size as viruses.
摘要翻译： 通过将荧光染色与通过与特定空间滤光器组合的布朗运动的荧光强度的调制观察结合的方法来检测和定尺寸自由漂浮的病毒。 强度调制和荧光数据提供了一组描述符，用于区分所涉病毒的类型，特别是如果还结合有关颗粒散射光的数据。 该方法和装置也可用于与具有与病毒相同数量级的其他生物颗粒的检测和分类。
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公开(公告)号：US3859526A
公开(公告)日：1975-01-07
申请号：US40860273
申请日：1973-10-23
申请人： BLOCK ENGINEERING
发明人： HIRSCHFELD TOMAS
CPC分类号： G01N21/6408 , G01N15/0205 , G01N21/64 , G06F17/18 , Y10S435/808
摘要： 1. APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING CHARCTERISTICS OF A SAMPLE OF RADIANTLY EMISSIVE SUBMICRON-SIZED PARTICLES SUSPENDED IN A FLUID MEDIUM; AND COMPRISING IN COMBINATION; MEANS FOR DETECTING RADIANT EMISSION FROM SAID PARTICLES, MEAND FOR CONVERTING SAID RADIANT EMISSION INTO AN ELECTRICAL SIGNAL, MEANS FOR DETERMINING THE VALUE OF THE AMPLITUDE OF ANY SUBSTANTIALLY STEADY-STATE COMPONENT OF SAID SIGNAL, MEANS FOR DETERMINING THE ROOT MEANS SQUARE VALUE OF THE AMPLITUDE OF ANY OSCILLATORY COMPONENTS OF SAID SIGNAL, AND MEANS FOR DETERMINING, AS A FUNCTION OF THE VALUES OF BOTH SAID STEADY STATE AND OSCILLATORY COMPONETS, EITHER OR BOTH OF THE VALUES OF THE AVERAGE MASS PER UNIT PARTICLE AND THE STATISTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF SAID PARTICLES IN SAID SAMPLE.
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公开(公告)号：US3604927A
公开(公告)日：1971-09-14
申请号：US3604927D
申请日：1966-11-16
申请人： BLOCK ENGINEERING
发明人： HIRSCHFELD TOMAS
CPC分类号： G01N21/648 , G01N21/552
摘要： A fluorescence spectroscopic device and method of using an attenuated, total, multiple reflection slab on one surface of which a sample is placed. A beam of fluorescence-exciting radiation is passed through the slab by multiple reflections. A detector is located alongside the slab and out of the path of any of the exciting radiation to pick up fluorescent emission passing through the cell and across the path of the exciting radiation. The slab thereby serves as a no-loss secondary filter with respect to the fluorescence, permitting the latter to be easily distinguishable from the exciting radiation even where the wavelengths are similar.
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公开(公告)号：US3728029A
公开(公告)日：1973-04-17
申请号：US3728029D
申请日：1971-02-22
申请人： BLOCK ENGINEERING
发明人： HIRSCHFELD TOMAS
CPC分类号： H04N3/30
摘要： An electronic image-encoder with an SEC vidicon in which the electron beam is positioned according to a coordinate pair stored as digital signals and applied as analog signals to the deflection coils of the vidicon. This permits the beam to read selected points on the vidicon target and the beam is blanked until the desired deflection signals are applied. In one version of the device, the deflection signals are simply voltages corresponding to the values of the digital signals. In another version, one digital signal is converted to an analog deflection voltage and a standard ramp is used as the other deflection voltage, the beam being turned on to read only after a time interval following initiation of the ramp, which interval is proportional to the other digital signal. A special application of the encoder incorporates a crosseddispersion optical system for projecting several stacked spectral orders into the vidicon target. In all cases, the electron beam actuation provides an output signal corresponding to the image intensity at the point selected by the digital signal pair, and this output signal is digitized for storage, manipulation or display.
摘要翻译： 一种具有SEC摄像机的电子图像编码器，其中电子束根据作为数字信号存储的坐标对定位，并作为模拟信号施加到摄像机的偏转线圈。 这允许光束读取摄像机目标上的选定点，并且将光束消隐直到施加所需的偏转信号。
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公开(公告)号：US3697226A
公开(公告)日：1972-10-10
申请号：US3697226D
申请日：1971-04-29
申请人： BLOCK ENGINEERING
发明人： HIRSCHFELD TOMAS , MATSU NOBORU
CPC分类号： G01N21/33 , F02D41/1451 , Y10T436/212 , Y10T436/216
摘要： A SYSTEM FOR DETECTING AND QUANITATIVELY MEASURING THE PRESENCE OF UNSATURATED AND AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, PARTICULARLY VAPORS OF PARTIALLY BURNED AND RESIDUAL UNBURNED HYDROCARBONS IN THE EXHAUSE EMISSIONS OF GASOLINE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. THE SYSTEM INCLUDES A PARTIALLY SHIELDED MEMBRANE ADAPTED TO REACT WITH AROMATIC AND UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS TO PRODUCE DERIVATIVES HAVING STRONG ABSORPTION CHARACTERISTICS IN THE ULTRAVIOLET REGION. THERE IS ALSO PROVIDED AN ULTRAVIOLET FLUORESENCE PHOTOMETER INCLUDING AN ULTRAVIOLET OURCE AND A VISIBLE FLUORESCENT SCREEN BETWEEN WHICH THE EXPOSED MEMBRANE IS INTRODUCED. THE PHOTOMETER INCLUDES A GRAY SCALE OR STEP WEDGE FOR VISUALLY COMPARING THE ULTRAVIOLET ABSORPTION IN THE
UNSHIELDED SECTION OF THE MEMBRANE AGAINST A CALIBRATED STANDARD INCLUDING THE SHIELDED SECTION OF THE MEMBRANE AND THE GRAY SCALE.
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