公开(公告)号：US6079681A

公开(公告)日：2000-06-27

申请号：US157347

申请日：1998-09-18

申请人： Benjamin R. Stern ,  David A. Molyneaux ,  David A. Lampman

发明人： Benjamin R. Stern ,  David A. Molyneaux ,  David A. Lampman

IPC分类号： A61B5/055 ,  A61B5/11 ,  A61B6/03 ,  A61B19/00 ,  A61B19/02 ,  E04G3/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/34007 ,  A61B90/10 ,  A61B90/14 ,  A61B90/50 ,  A61B2017/00911 ,  A61B2034/107 ,  A61B2034/2051 ,  A61B2034/2055 ,  A61B2090/3929 ,  A61B2090/3958 ,  A61B90/11

摘要： An apparatus (1) for supporting a surgical instrument in the operative environment of an imaging device comprises components all made of a material compatible for use in the operative environment of the imaging device. The components of the apparatus (1), made of such a material, include a member (32) that has a spherical surface and includes a bore (50) extending through the member along its diameter. A grip (26) has a grip surface (40) defining an aperture that is adapted to receive the member for rotatable movement within the aperture. The grip (26) extends around the member (32) in a circumferential path and has a gap (42) therein. A fastener (30) is operatively connected to the grip (26). The fastener (30) is adjustable to change the size of the gap (42) and adjust the compressive force applied to the received member (32) in the grip.

摘要翻译： 用于在成像装置的操作环境中支撑外科器械的装置（1）包括全部由与成像装置的操作环境中兼容的材料制成的部件。 由这种材料制成的装置（1）的部件包括具有球形表面并包括沿其直径延伸穿过构件的孔（50）的构件（32）。 手柄（26）具有限定孔的抓握表面（40），所述孔适于容纳所述构件以在孔内旋转运动。 把手（26）在圆周路径中围绕构件（32）延伸并且在其中具有间隙（42）。 紧固件（30）可操作地连接到把手（26）。 紧固件（30）可调节以改变间隙（42）的尺寸并且调节施加到手柄中的接收构件（32）的压缩力。

公开(公告)号：US06198961B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-06

申请号：US09190635

申请日：1998-11-12

申请人： Benjamin R. Stern ,  John D. Schellenberg ,  David A. Lampman

发明人： Benjamin R. Stern ,  John D. Schellenberg ,  David A. Lampman

IPC分类号： A61B5055

CPC分类号： G01R33/34084 ,  A61B34/70 ,  A61B90/14 ,  G01R33/341

摘要： A diagnostic imaging apparatus such as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device includes a gradient coil assembly (34) and an RF coil (36) disposed proximate pole faces (30, 32). An interventional head coil assembly (40) includes a base (90), a head frame housing (96) including at least one first conductor (130) associated therewith, a first mount (94) that connects the head frame housing (96) to the base (90), a bridge housing (98) including at least one second conductor (142) associated therewith, and a second mount (100) that connects the bridge housing (98) to the head frame housing (96) thereby coupling the at least one first conductor (130) to the at least one second conductor (142) to form a surface coil for use in imaging an object attached to the head frame housing (96).

摘要翻译： 诸如磁共振成像（MRI）装置的诊断成像装置包括设置在极面（30,32）附近的梯度线圈组件（34）和RF线圈（36）。 介入头部线圈组件（40）包括底座（90），包括与其相关联的至少一个第一导体（130）的头部框架壳体（96），将头部框架壳体（96）连接到 基座（90），包括与其相关联的至少一个第二导体（142）的桥壳体（98）和将桥接壳体（98）连接到头部框架壳体（96）的第二安装件（100），从而将 至少一个第一导体（130），连接到所述至少一个第二导体（142）以形成用于对附接到所述头部框架壳体（96）的物体进行成像的表面线圈。

公开(公告)号：US4983920A

公开(公告)日：1991-01-08

申请号：US392480

申请日：1989-08-11

申请人： David A. Lampman ,  Martyn N. J. Paley ,  James M. McNally

发明人： David A. Lampman ,  Martyn N. J. Paley ,  James M. McNally

IPC分类号： G01R33/485

CPC分类号： G01R33/485

摘要： Magnetic resonance is excited in first selected dipoles and suppressed in second selected dipoles in an examination region (10) by the application of a binomial 90.degree. pulse (40). The induced resonance is phase encoded along at least two axes by phase encode gradients (42, 44). Concurrently, an RF refocussing pulse (54) and a slice select gradient pulse (56) are applied. Analogous pulse pairs (68, 70; 72, 74) are applied once with the slice select gradient along each of three mutual orthogonal axes such that a voxel or volume defined by the intersection of the three slices is defined. A magnetic resonance echo (84) is allowed to form, which echo is attributable to the resonating dipoles within the defined voxel. The phase encoding gradients have divided the voxel into subvoxels along the respective axes. The resultant magnetic resonance echo signals are Fourier transformed (92) into sets of chemical spectra corresponding to each subvoxel and displayed in a two dimensional image representation on a video monitor (96).

摘要翻译： 在第一选择的偶极子中激发磁共振，并通过应用二项式90度脉冲（40）在检查区域（10）中抑制第二选择的偶极子。 感应谐振沿相位编码梯度（42,44）沿着至少两个轴相位编码。 同时，施加RF重聚焦脉冲（54）和切片选择梯度脉冲（56）。 类似脉冲对（68,70,72,74）沿着三个相互正交轴中的每一个沿切片选择梯度施加一次，使得由三个切片的交点定义的体素或体积被定义。 允许形成磁共振回波（84），该回波归因于在限定体素内的谐振偶极子。 相位编码梯度将体元沿着相应的轴分成子体素。 所得到的磁共振回波信号被傅里叶变换（92）成与每个子体素相对应的化学光谱组，并以视频监视器（96）的二维图像表示形式显示。

公开(公告)号：US4959611A

公开(公告)日：1990-09-25

申请号：US373344

申请日：1989-06-29

申请人： Terrence J. Brovost ,  David A. Lampman ,  Kenneth S. Foster

发明人： Terrence J. Brovost ,  David A. Lampman ,  Kenneth S. Foster

IPC分类号： A61B5/055 ,  G01R33/48 ,  G01R33/56 ,  G01R33/565

CPC分类号： G01R33/56563 ,  G01R33/5604

摘要： In-slice magnetic resonance is excited with a 90.degree. RF pulse (50, 50'). A 180.degree. RF pulse (56, 56') is applied to cause a magnetic resonance spin echo (58, 58'). However, the 180.degree. pulse also induces resonance in material outside the selected slice. The out-of-slice data is superimposed on the magnetic resonance spin echoes. Two views of magnetic resonance data are collected with the same phase encode gradient and stored temporarily in first and second memories (72, 74). The views are combined (76) such that the out-of-slice data sums and the in-slice data cancels. The magnitude of the out-of-slice data is magnitude adjusted (78) to create an out-of-slice magnetization view which is stored in an out-of-slice magnetization memory (80). A plurality of views with different phase encode gradients are subsequently collected during a magnetic resonant imaging sequence. Each view is subtracted from (90) the out-of-slice data view and transformed (92) into an image representation.

摘要翻译： 片内磁共振用90°RF脉冲（50,50'）激发。 施加180°RF脉冲（56,56'）以引起磁共振自旋回波（58,58'）。 然而，180°脉冲也会引起选定切片外的材料的共振。 片外数据叠加在磁共振自旋回波上。 以相同的相位编码梯度收集磁共振数据的两个视图，并临时存储在第一和第二存储器（72,74）中。 视图被组合（76），使得片外数据和和片内数据取消。 片外数据的大小被调整（78），以产生存储在片外磁化存储器（80）中的片外磁化视图。 随后在磁共振成像序列期间收集具有不同相位编码梯度的多个视图。 从（90）切片数据视图中减去每个视图，并将其变换（92）成图像表示。

公开(公告)号：US5451875A

公开(公告)日：1995-09-19

申请号：US116076

申请日：1993-09-02

申请人： John L. Patrick ,  David A. Lampman

发明人： John L. Patrick ,  David A. Lampman

IPC分类号： G01R33/385 ,  G01R33/28

CPC分类号： G01R33/385

摘要： A magnet assembly (10) generates a temporally constant magnetic field through a central bore (12). A whole body gradient coil assembly (30) and a whole body radio frequency coil (36) are mounted in the central bore. A insertable gradient coil assembly (40), such as a head gradient coil, is selectively insertable into and removable from the bore (12). The insertable gradient coil assembly generates linear magnetic field gradients (90) within its bore for encoding magnetic resonance excited and manipulated by radio frequency signals from the whole body radio frequency coil. In regions (96) outside of the insertable gradient coil, the insertable gradient coil produces magnetic field gradients of the same strength as magnetic field gradients generated within its bore. Resonating dipoles within regions (96) contribute encoded magnetic resonance signals which are indistinguishable from the encoded magnetic resonance signals generated from within the insertable gradient coil bore. The whole body gradient coil assembly (30) generates magnetic field gradient pulses concurrently with RF pulses from the whole body gradient coil (36) to saturate material in the aliasing regions ( 96) or selected aliasing region portions (100) within which there are dipoles that contribute aliasing resonance signal components.

摘要翻译： 磁体组件（10）通过中心孔（12）产生时间上恒定的磁场。 全身梯度线圈组件（30）和全身射频线圈（36）安装在中心孔中。 诸如头部梯度线圈的可插入梯度线圈组件（40）可选择性地插入孔中并且可从孔中移除。 可插入梯度线圈组件在其孔内产生线性磁场梯度（90），用于编码由全身射频线圈的射频信号激发和操纵的磁共振。 在可插入梯度线圈外部的区域（96）中，可插入梯度线圈产生与其孔内产生的磁场梯度相同强度的磁场梯度。 区域内的共振偶极子（96）贡献编码的磁共振信号，其与从可插入梯度线圈孔内产生的编码的磁共振信号不可区分。 全身梯度线圈组件（30）与来自全身梯度线圈（36）的RF脉冲同时产生磁场梯度脉冲，以使混叠区域（96）或选择的混叠区域部分（100）中的材料饱和，其中存在偶极子 它们有助于混叠信号分量。

公开(公告)号：US5532595A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-02

申请号：US228661

申请日：1994-04-18

申请人： David A. Lampman ,  Haiying Liu

发明人： David A. Lampman ,  Haiying Liu

IPC分类号： A61B5/055 ,  G01R33/48 ,  G01R33/561 ,  G01R33/44

CPC分类号： G01R33/446 ,  G01R33/4824 ,  G01R33/561

摘要： Magnetic resonance imaging data of a volume of interest is collected by applying a radio frequency pulse (70, 96) and following the pulse with gradients applied along three axes (x,y,z). The gradients along x and y-axes are generally sinusoidal, which sinusoids increase and decrease in magnitude to define beat patterns of a common period. The period of the first and second gradients is an integer multiple of the gradient along the z-axis. In the embodiment of FIGS. 2A and 2B, the beats of the first and second gradients increase linearly and the third gradient oscillates in a linearly expanding generally sinusoidal pattern such that k-space is traversed by a trajectory that spirals around a series of spheres (50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60) of progressively smaller radius. Blips or spikes (78) are preferably applied between each half cycle of the third gradient to step the trajectory to the radius of the next concentric sphere. In the embodiment of FIGS. 3A and 3B, the magnitude of the beats of the first and second gradients remain substantially constant and the gradient pulses along the third axis are applied generally between and at the mid-point of each beat such that the trajectory through k-space follows a series of parallel spirals lying along a cylinder. In the embodiment of FIGS. 4-4D, the beat patterns again increase linearly and the third gradient alternates polarity with each half beat such that the trajectory through k-space spirals around a series of concentric cones.

摘要翻译： 通过施加射频脉冲（70,96）并沿着沿着三个轴（x，y，z）施加的梯度跟随脉冲来收集感兴趣体积的磁共振成像数据。 沿x轴和y轴的梯度通常是正弦曲线，其正弦曲线的幅度增加和减小以定义公共周期的拍子图案。 第一和第二梯度的周期是沿着z轴的梯度的整数倍。 在图1和图2的实施例中 如图2A和2B所示，第一和第二梯度的节拍线性增加，第三梯度以线性扩大的大致正弦图案振荡，使得k空间被围绕一系列球体（50,52,54， 56，58，60）。 优选地，在第三梯度的每个半周期之间施加一个或多个突起（78），以将轨迹移动到下一个同心球的半径。 在图1和图2的实施例中 如图3A和3B所示，第一和第二梯度的节拍幅度保持基本恒定，并且沿着第三轴的梯度脉冲通常施加在每个节拍的中点之间并且在每个节拍的中点处，使得通过k空间的轨迹遵循一系列 沿着圆柱体平行的螺旋线。 在图1和图2的实施例中 如图4-4D所示，节拍图案再次线性地增加，并且第三梯度与每个半节拍交替极性，使得通过k空间的轨迹围绕一系列同心锥螺旋。

公开(公告)号：US4928063A

公开(公告)日：1990-05-22

申请号：US349868

申请日：1989-05-10

申请人： David A. Lampman ,  Michael A Morich ,  Wayne R. Dannels

发明人： David A. Lampman ,  Michael A Morich ,  Wayne R. Dannels

IPC分类号： G01R33/385 ,  G01R33/389 ,  G01R33/565

CPC分类号： G01R33/389 ,  G01R33/3852 ,  G01R33/56518

摘要： A gradient field controller (30) generates current pulses with a preselected profile. Eddy current compensation circuits (42) alter the current pulse profile by adding additional components of selectable frequencies with selectable amplitudes or gains. A power amplifier (32) amplifies the modified current pulse and applies them to gradient field coils (34) of a magnetic resonance imager. A probe or coil (50) monitors the induced gradient response which is integrated (52) to provide an electronic representation of the induced gradient profile. A least squares analysis routine (72) determines the time constant and amplitude of a component attributable to a first eddy current which degrades the induced gradient profile. A filter frequency correction factor calculating routine (76) calculates appropriate filter frequency settings and a gain calibration factor calculating routine (78) calculates the gain settings for the compensation circuits (42). In operation, a repetitive correction sequence is implemented in which a current pulse is applied, the induced gradient field monitored, the longest time constant and the corresponding amplitude are determined, and appropriate adjustments to the calibration circuits are determined. The correction sequence is repeated, each time monitoring a shorter time constant eddy current until the profile of the induced gradient substantially conforms to a preselected profile.

摘要翻译： 梯度场控制器（30）产生具有预选轮廓的电流脉冲。 涡流补偿电路（42）通过添加具有可选择的幅度或增益的可选择频率的附加组件来改变电流脉冲分布。 功率放大器（32）放大修改的电流脉冲并将其施加到磁共振成像器的梯度场线圈（34）。 探针或线圈（50）监测被积分的感应梯度响应（52）以提供感应梯度分布的电子表示。 最小二乘法分析程序（72）确定归因于第一涡流的分量的时间常数和振幅，其降低感应梯度分布。 滤波器频率校正因子计算程序（76）计算适当的滤波器频率设置，并且增益校准因子计算程序（78）计算补偿电路（42）的增益设置。 在操作中，执行重复校正序列，其中施加电流脉冲，确定感应梯度场，最长时间常数和对应振幅，并且确定对校准电路的适当调整。 重复校正序列，每次监视更短的时间常数涡流，直到感应梯度的轮廓基本上符合预选的轮廓。

公开(公告)号：US5804968A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-08

申请号：US790936

申请日：1997-01-29

申请人： Mark A. Richard ,  Nicholas J. Mastandrea, Jr. ,  David A. Lampman

发明人： Mark A. Richard ,  Nicholas J. Mastandrea, Jr. ,  David A. Lampman

IPC分类号： G01R33/385 ,  G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/385

摘要： A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus includes a main field magnet (12) for generating a temporally constant magnetic field through an examination region. A radio frequency transmitter (84) excites and manipulates magnetic resonance in selected dipoles in the examination region. A receiver (90) demodulates magnetic resonance signals received from the examination region, a processor (74) reconstructs the demodulated resonance signals into an image representation. A plurality of fingerprint gradient magnetic field coils (24, 26) induce gradient magnetic fields across the temporally constant magnetic field. Each of the fingerprint gradient coils (24, 26) includes a generally spiral winding (32A-32D) having a first crossectional dimension (H) perpendicular to the temporally constant magnetic field which is at least twice a second crossectional dimension (W) in a direction parallel to the temporally constant magnetic field.

摘要翻译： 磁共振成像装置包括用于通过检查区域产生时间上恒定的磁场的主磁场磁体（12）。 射频发射器（84）在检查区域中激发和操纵选定偶极子中的磁共振。 接收器（90）解调从检查区域接收的磁共振信号，处理器（74）将解调的谐振信号重建为图像表示。 多个指纹梯度磁场线圈（24,26）在时间上恒定的磁场上引发梯度磁场。 指纹梯度线圈（24,26）中的每一个包括具有垂直于时间上恒定的磁场的第一截面尺寸（H）的大体上螺旋形的绕组（32A-32D），该第一横截面尺寸（H）至少为第二截面尺寸（W）的两倍， 方向平行于时间上恒定的磁场。

公开(公告)号：US5144240A

公开(公告)日：1992-09-01

申请号：US651306

申请日：1991-02-06

申请人： Mehrdad Mehdizadeh ,  David A. Lampman ,  Paul T. Orlando

发明人： Mehrdad Mehdizadeh ,  David A. Lampman ,  Paul T. Orlando

IPC分类号： A61B5/055 ,  G01R33/32 ,  G01R33/34 ,  G01R33/341 ,  G01R33/36 ,  H01F7/20

CPC分类号： G01R33/341 ,  G01R33/34046 ,  G01R33/3628 ,  G01R33/3635

摘要： In a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, a first frequency radio signal source (20a) is connected in quadrature with a four fold symmetric birdcage coil (24) at 90.degree. spaced connection points (80a,b). A source of a second radio frequency signal is directly connected with the birdcage coil by first and second inductive couplings (70a,b). The birdcage coil includes tank circuits (52) and capacitors (58, 60) in the end connectors. The capacitance of the end connectors is simultaneously adjustable by a tuning ring (62) to adjust a first resonance frequency of the coil and the capacitance of the tank circuits is selectively adjustable to adjust a second resonant frequency of the birdcage coil. In this manner, the birdcage coil is simultaneously tuned to two frequencies and can operate in quadrature at either one. PIN diodes (92) are provided for de-tuning the coil such that it operates in a third mode in which no resonance frequency exists such that the birdcage coil does not interfere with reception of resonance signals by a surface coil (42). When operating in quadrature, additional PIN diodes (114) are provided for connecting the RF feed point to one node (102a) of a 90.degree. phase shift circuit (100) in the transmit mode and to the opposite node (102b) of the 90.degree. phase shift circuit in the receive mode.

摘要翻译： 在磁共振成像装置中，第一频率无线电信号源（20a）与90°间隔连接点（80a，b）的正四倍对称的鸟笼线圈（24）正交连接。 第二射频信号的源通过第一和第二电感耦合（70a，b）与鸟笼线圈直接连接。 鸟笼线圈包括端部连接器中的储罐回路（52）和电容器（58,60）。 端部连接器的电容可以通过调谐环（62）同时调节，以调节线圈的第一谐振频率，并且可选地调节储能电路的电容以调整鸟笼线圈的第二共振频率。 以这种方式，鸟笼线圈同时调谐到两个频率，并且可以在任一个方向上正交地操作。 PIN二极管（92）被提供用于对线圈进行去调谐，使得它以不存在共振频率的第三模式操作，使得鸟笼线圈不干扰表面线圈（42）接收到谐振信号。 当正交操作时，提供附加的PIN二极管（114），用于将RF馈送点连接到发射模式中的90°相移电路（100）的一个节点（102a），并且连接到90°的相对节点（102b） DEG相移电路处于接收模式。

公开(公告)号：US5010300A

公开(公告)日：1991-04-23

申请号：US440894

申请日：1989-11-22

申请人： Martyn N. J. Paley ,  James B. Murdoch ,  David A. Lampman ,  James M. McNally

发明人： Martyn N. J. Paley ,  James B. Murdoch ,  David A. Lampman ,  James M. McNally

IPC分类号： G01R33/483 ,  G01R33/485

CPC分类号： G01R33/4838 ,  G01R33/485

摘要： RF and gradient pulse combinations (30, 32, 36, 38) are applied to limit or define a region of interest in two dimensions (42) by pre-saturating surrounding regions (34a, 34b, 40a, 40b). A 90.degree. RF pulse (50) is applied in the presence of a slice select gradient (60) to excite selected dipoles in a slice or slab, defining the region of interest or voxel in the third dimension. Phase encoding gradients (62) and (64) are applied to encode spatial position in two dimensions of the slice. A binomial refocusing pulse (52) suppresses the water and refocuses the metabolite resonance into an echo which is acquired (68) by a receiver (26). A Fourier transform means (72, 74) transforms the received magnetic resonance signals to create a two dimensional array (76) or matrix of spectra (78) corresponding to a two dimensional array of spatial positions within the slice. A third phase encode gradient (66) may be applied to encode the regionof interest in three dimensions for generating a three dimensional array of the spectra.

摘要翻译： 施加RF和梯度脉冲组合（30,32,36,38）以通过预饱和周围区域（34a，34b，40a，40b）限制或限定二维（42）中的感兴趣区域。 在切片选择梯度（60）的存在下施加90°RF脉冲（50）以在切片或平板中激发所选择的偶极子，以限定第三维度中的感兴趣区域或体素。 相位编码梯度（62）和（64）被应用于编码切片的二维空间位置。 二项式重聚焦脉冲（52）抑制水并将代谢物共振重新聚焦成由接收器（26）获取的回波（68）。 傅立叶变换装置（72,74）转换所接收的磁共振信号以产生对应于片内空间位置的二维阵列的二维阵列（76）或光谱矩阵（78）。 可以应用第三相位编码梯度（66）以在三维中对感兴趣的区域进行编码以产生光谱的三维阵列。