公开(公告)号：US20130210900A1

公开(公告)日：2013-08-15

申请号：US13819933

申请日：2011-09-06

申请人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos ,  Sian Jones

发明人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos ,  Sian Jones

IPC分类号： C12Q1/68 ,  A61K31/711

CPC分类号： C12Q1/6886 ,  A61K31/7088 ,  A61K31/711 ,  C12Q2600/156 ,  G01N33/5011

摘要： Two genes, ARID1A (AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A) and PPP2R1A (protein-phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit 1, alpha), can be used in methods which are useful for detecting cancer, diagnosing cancer, contributing to a diagnosis of cancer, confirming a diagnosis of cancer, identifying appropriate treatments for cancer, monitoring treatment of cancer, and evaluating treatment protocols for cancer, including ovarian clear cell carcinoma, breast cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, medulloblastoma, pancreatic cancer, and prostate cancer.

摘要翻译： 可用于检测癌症，诊断癌症，有助于诊断癌症的方法中使用两种基因ARID1A（含AT富含交互结构域的蛋白质1A）和PPP2R1A（蛋白质磷酸酶2，调节亚单位1，α） 确定癌症的诊断，确定癌症的适当治疗，监测癌症的治疗，以及评估癌症的治疗方案，包括卵巢透明细胞癌，乳腺癌，结肠癌，胃癌，肺癌，成神经管细胞瘤，胰腺癌和 前列腺癌。

公开(公告)号：US08685660B2

公开(公告)日：2014-04-01

申请号：US13060191

申请日：2009-09-03

申请人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  D. Williams Parsons ,  Xiaosong Zhang ,  Jimmy Cheng-Ho Lin ,  Rebecca J. Leary ,  Philipp Angenendt ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Giovanni Parmigiani ,  Rachel Karchin ,  Sian Jones ,  Hai Yan ,  Darell Bigner ,  Chien-Tsun Kuan ,  Gregory J. Riggins

发明人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  D. Williams Parsons ,  Xiaosong Zhang ,  Jimmy Cheng-Ho Lin ,  Rebecca J. Leary ,  Philipp Angenendt ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Giovanni Parmigiani ,  Rachel Karchin ,  Sian Jones ,  Hai Yan ,  Darell Bigner ,  Chien-Tsun Kuan ,  Gregory J. Riggins

IPC分类号： G01N33/574

CPC分类号： C12Q1/6886 ,  C12Q2600/112 ,  C12Q2600/118 ,  C12Q2600/136 ,  C12Q2600/156

摘要： We found mutations of the R132 residue of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) in the majority of grade II and III astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas as well as in glioblastomas that develop from these lower grade lesions. Those tumors without mutations in IDH1 often had mutations at the analogous R172 residue of the closely related IDH2 gene. These findings have important implications for the pathogenesis and diagnosis of malignant gliomas.

摘要翻译： 我们发现大多数II级和III级星形细胞瘤和少突胶质细胞瘤中异柠檬酸脱氢酶1（IDH1）的R132残基突变以及从这些较低级别病变发展的成胶质细胞瘤。 那些没有IDH1突变的肿瘤在紧密相关的IDH2基因的类似R172残基中经常具有突变。 这些发现对恶性胶质瘤的发病机制和诊断具有重要意义。

公开(公告)号：US20120115735A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-10

申请号：US13060453

申请日：2009-09-03

申请人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  D. Williams Parsons ,  Sian Jones ,  Xiaosong Zhang ,  Jimmy Cheng-Ho Lin ,  Rebecca J. Leary ,  Philipp Angenendt ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Giovanni Parmigiani ,  Rachel Karchin ,  Scott Kern ,  Ralph Hruban ,  James R. Eshleman ,  Michael Goggins ,  Alison Klein

发明人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  D. Williams Parsons ,  Sian Jones ,  Xiaosong Zhang ,  Jimmy Cheng-Ho Lin ,  Rebecca J. Leary ,  Philipp Angenendt ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Giovanni Parmigiani ,  Rachel Karchin ,  Scott Kern ,  Ralph Hruban ,  James R. Eshleman ,  Michael Goggins ,  Alison Klein

IPC分类号： C12Q1/68 ,  C40B20/00 ,  C07H21/04

CPC分类号： G01N33/57438 ,  C12Q1/6886 ,  C12Q2600/156 ,  G01N2800/50

摘要： There are currently few therapeutic options for patients with pancreatic cancers and new insights into the pathogenesis of this lethal disease are urgently needed. To this end, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the genes altered in 24 pancreatic tumors. First, we determined the sequences of 23,781 transcripts, representing 20,583 protein-encoding genes, in DNA from these tumors. Second, we searched for homozygous deletions and amplifications using microarrays querying ˜one million single nucleotide polymorphisms in each sample. Third, we analyzed the transcriptomes of the same samples using SAGE and next-generation sequencing-by-synthesis technologies. We found that pancreatic cancers contain an average of 63 genetic alterations, of which 49 are point mutations, 8 are homozygous deletions, and 6 are amplifications. Further analyses revealed a core set of 12 regulatory processes or pathways that were each genetically altered in 70% to 100% of the samples. The data suggest that dysregulation of this core set of pathways is responsible for the major features of pancreatic tumorigenesis.

摘要翻译： 目前对胰腺癌患者几乎没有治疗选择，迫切需要对这种致死性疾病的发病机理的新见解。 为此，我们对24个胰腺肿瘤中改变的基因进行了综合分析。 首先，我们从这些肿瘤的DNA中确定了23,781个转录本，代表20,583个蛋白质编码基因的序列。 第二，我们使用微阵列查询每个样本中的百万个单核苷酸多态性的纯合缺失和扩增。 第三，我们使用SAGE和下一代按序合成技术分析了相同样品的转录组。 我们发现胰腺癌平均存在63个遗传改变，其中49个是点突变，8个是纯合缺失，6个是扩增。 进一步的分析揭示了一组核心的12个调节过程或途径，在70％至100％的样品中进行了遗传改变。 数据表明，这种核心途径的失调导致了胰腺肿瘤发生的主要特征。

公开(公告)号：US20110229479A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-22

申请号：US13060191

申请日：2009-09-03

申请人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  D. Williams Parsons ,  Xiaosong Zhang ,  Jimmy Cheng-Ho Lin ,  Rebecca J. Leary ,  Philipp Angenendt ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Giovanni Parmigiani ,  Rachel Karchin ,  Sian Jones ,  Hai Yan ,  Darell Bigner ,  Chien-Tsun Kuan

发明人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  D. Williams Parsons ,  Xiaosong Zhang ,  Jimmy Cheng-Ho Lin ,  Rebecca J. Leary ,  Philipp Angenendt ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Giovanni Parmigiani ,  Rachel Karchin ,  Sian Jones ,  Hai Yan ,  Darell Bigner ,  Chien-Tsun Kuan

IPC分类号： A61K39/395 ,  C12Q1/68 ,  G01N33/574 ,  C07K16/32 ,  A61K39/00 ,  C12N9/04 ,  C07H21/04 ,  C12Q1/32 ,  A61P37/04 ,  A61P35/00

CPC分类号： C12Q1/6886 ,  C12Q2600/112 ,  C12Q2600/118 ,  C12Q2600/136 ,  C12Q2600/156

摘要： We found mutations of the R132 residue of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) in the majority of grade II and III astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas as well as in glioblastomas that develop from these lower grade lesions. Those tumors without mutations in IDH1 often had mutations at the analogous R172 residue of the closely related IDH2 gene. These findings have important implications for the pathogenesis and diagnosis of malignant gliomas.

摘要翻译： 我们发现大多数II级和III级星形细胞瘤和少突胶质细胞瘤中异柠檬酸脱氢酶1（IDH1）的R132残基突变以及从这些较低级别病变发展的成胶质细胞瘤。 那些没有IDH1突变的肿瘤在紧密相关的IDH2基因的类似R172残基中经常具有突变。 这些发现对恶性胶质瘤的发病机制和诊断具有重要意义。

公开(公告)号：US09982304B2

公开(公告)日：2018-05-29

申请号：US13819933

申请日：2011-09-06

申请人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos ,  Sian Jones

发明人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos ,  Sian Jones

IPC分类号： C12Q1/68 ,  A61K31/7088 ,  G01N33/50 ,  A61K31/711

CPC分类号： C12Q1/6886 ,  A61K31/7088 ,  A61K31/711 ,  C12Q2600/156 ,  G01N33/5011

摘要： Two genes, ARID1A (AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A) and PPP2R1A (protein-phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit 1, alpha), can be used in methods which are useful for detecting cancer, diagnosing cancer, contributing to a diagnosis of cancer, confirming a diagnosis of cancer, identifying appropriate treatments for cancer, monitoring treatment of cancer, and evaluating treatment protocols for cancer, including ovarian clear cell carcinoma, breast cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, medulloblastoma, pancreatic cancer, and prostate cancer.

公开(公告)号：US09637779B2

公开(公告)日：2017-05-02

申请号：US13131413

申请日：2009-12-02

申请人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  Yiping He ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos

发明人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  Yiping He ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos

IPC分类号： C12Q1/68 ,  G06F19/22

CPC分类号： C12Q1/6844 ,  G06F19/22 ,  C12Q2539/113 ,  C12Q2523/125 ,  C12Q2521/107

摘要： Transcription in mammalian cells can be assessed at a genome-wide level, but it has been difficult to reliably determine whether individual transcripts are derived from the Plus- or Minus-strands of chromosomes. This distinction can be critical for understanding the relationship between known transcripts (sense) and the complementary antisense transcripts that may regulate them. Here we describe a technique that can be used to (i) identify the DNA strand of origin for any particular RNA transcript and (ii) quantify the number of sense and antisense transcripts from expressed genes at a global level. We examined five different human cell types and in each case found evidence for antisense transcripts in 2900 to 6400 human genes. The distribution of antisense transcripts was distinct from that of sense transcripts, was non-random across the genome, and differed among cell types. Antisense transcripts thus appear to be a pervasive feature of human cells, suggesting that they are a fundamental component of gene regulation.

公开(公告)号：US20120009573A1

公开(公告)日：2012-01-12

申请号：US13131413

申请日：2009-12-02

申请人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  Yiping He ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos

发明人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  Yiping He ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos

IPC分类号： C12Q1/68

CPC分类号： C12Q1/6844 ,  G06F19/22 ,  C12Q2539/113 ,  C12Q2523/125 ,  C12Q2521/107

摘要： Transcription in mammalian cells can be assessed at a genome-wide level, but it has been difficult to reliably determine whether individual transcripts are derived from the Plus- or Minus-strands of chromosomes. This distinction can be critical for understanding the relationship between known transcripts (sense) and the complementary antisense transcripts that may regulate them. Here we describe a technique that can be used to (i) identify the DNA strand of origin for any particular RNA transcript and (ii) quantify the number of sense and antisense transcripts from expressed genes at a global level. We examined five different human cell types and in each case found evidence for antisense transcripts in 2900 to 6400 human genes. The distribution of antisense transcripts was distinct from that of sense transcripts, was non-random across the genome, and differed among cell types. Anti-sense transcripts thus appear to be a pervasive feature of human cells, suggesting that they are a fundamental component of gene regulation.

摘要翻译： 哺乳动物细胞中的转录可以在全基因组范围内进行评估，但是难以可靠地确定个体转录本是否衍生自染色体的加号或阴影链。 这种区别对于了解已知转录物（有义）和可能调节它们的互补反义转录物之间的关系可能是至关重要的。 在这里，我们描述了一种可用于（i）识别任何特定RNA转录物的DNA链起源的技术，（ii）在全球范围内量化来自表达基因的正义和反义转录本的数量。 我们检查了五种不同的人类细胞类型，并且在每种情况下都发现2900至6400个人类基因中的反义转录物的证据。 反义转录物的分布与有义转录物的分布不同，在基因组中是非随机的，并且在细胞类型之间不同。 因此，反义转录物似乎是人类细胞的普遍特征，表明它们是基因调控的基本组成部分。

公开(公告)号：US09695479B2

公开(公告)日：2017-07-04

申请号：US13884154

申请日：2011-11-08

申请人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth Kinzler ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos ,  Donald Williams Parsons ,  Rebecca J. Leary ,  Meng Li ,  Xiaosong Zhang ,  Sian Jones ,  Gregory J. Riggins ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Darell Bigner ,  Hai Yan

发明人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth Kinzler ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos ,  Donald Williams Parsons ,  Rebecca J. Leary ,  Meng Li ,  Xiaosong Zhang ,  Sian Jones ,  Gregory J. Riggins ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Darell Bigner ,  Hai Yan

IPC分类号： C12Q1/68 ,  G01N33/574

CPC分类号： C12Q1/6886 ,  C12Q2600/112 ,  C12Q2600/156 ,  G01N33/57407

摘要： Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor of children. To identify the genetic alterations in this tumor type, we searched for copy number alterations using high density microarrays and sequenced all known protein-coding genes and miRNA genes using Sanger sequencing. We found that, on average, each tumor had 11 gene alterations, markedly fewer than in common adult cancers. In addition to alterations in the Hedgehog and Wnt pathways, our analysis led to the discovery of genes not previously known to be altered in MBs. Most notably, inactivating mutations of the histone H3K4 trimethylase genes MLL2 or MLL3 were identified in 16% of MB patients. These results demonstrate key differences between the genetic landscapes of adult and childhood cancers, highlight dysregulation of developmental pathways as an important mechanism underlying MBs, and identify a role for a specific type of histone methylation in human tumorigenesis.

公开(公告)号：US20130296408A1

公开(公告)日：2013-11-07

申请号：US13884154

申请日：2011-11-08

申请人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth Kinzler ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos ,  Donald Williams Parsons ,  Rebecca J. Leary ,  Meng Li ,  Xiaosong Zhang ,  Sian Jones ,  Gregory J. Riggins ,  Victor Velculescu

发明人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth Kinzler ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos ,  Donald Williams Parsons ,  Rebecca J. Leary ,  Meng Li ,  Xiaosong Zhang ,  Sian Jones ,  Gregory J. Riggins ,  Victor Velculescu

IPC分类号： C12Q1/68

CPC分类号： C12Q1/6886 ,  C12Q2600/112 ,  C12Q2600/156 ,  G01N33/57407

摘要： Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor of children. To identify the genetic alterations in this tumor type, we searched for copy number alterations using high density microarrays and sequenced all known protein-coding genes and miRNA genes using Sanger sequencing. We found that, on average, each tumor had 11 gene alterations, markedly fewer than in common adult cancers. In addition to alterations in the Hedgehog and Wnt pathways, our analysis led to the discovery of genes not previously known to be altered in MBs. Most notably, inactivating mutations of the histone H3K4 trimethylase genes MLL2 or MLL3 were identified in 16% of MB patients. These results demonstrate key differences between the genetic landscapes of adult and childhood cancers, highlight dysregulation of developmental pathways as an important mechanism underlying MBs, and identify a role for a specific type of histone methylation in human tumorigenesis.

摘要翻译： 成神经管细胞瘤（MB）是儿童最常见的恶性脑肿瘤。 为了鉴定这种肿瘤类型的遗传改变，我们使用高密度微阵列搜索拷贝数变化，并使用Sanger测序对所有已知的蛋白质编码基因和miRNA基因进行测序。 我们发现平均每个肿瘤有11个基因改变，明显少于普通成年癌症。 除了Hedgehog和Wnt途径的改变之外，我们的分析导致了以前未知在MB中被改变的基因的发现。 最明显的是，在16％的MB患者中鉴定了组蛋白H3K4三甲基酶基因MLL2或MLL3的失活突变。 这些结果显示了成年和儿童期癌症遗传景观之间的关键差异，突出了发育途径的失调作为MBs的重要机制，并确定了特定类型的组蛋白甲基化在人类肿瘤发生中的作用。

公开(公告)号：US20090123928A1

公开(公告)日：2009-05-14

申请号：US12247464

申请日：2008-10-08

申请人： Laura D. Wood ,  Williams D. Parsons ,  Sian Jones ,  Jimmy Lin ,  Tobias Sjoblom ,  Thomas Barber ,  Giovanni Parmigiani ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  Bert Vogelstein

发明人： Laura D. Wood ,  Williams D. Parsons ,  Sian Jones ,  Jimmy Lin ,  Tobias Sjoblom ,  Thomas Barber ,  Giovanni Parmigiani ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  Bert Vogelstein

IPC分类号： C12Q1/68 ,  C12Q1/02

CPC分类号： C12Q1/6886 ,  C12Q2600/112 ,  C12Q2600/156

摘要： Human cancer is caused by the accumulation of mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. To catalogue the genetic changes that occur during tumorigenesis, we isolated DNA from 11 breast and 11 colorectal tumors and determined the sequences of the genes in the Reference Sequence database in these samples. Based on analysis of exons representing 20,857 transcripts from 18,191 genes, we conclude that the genomic landscapes of breast and colorectal cancers are composed of a handful of commonly mutated gene “mountains” and a much larger number of gene “hills” that are mutated at low frequency. We describe statistical and bioinformatic tools that may help identify mutations with a role in tumorigenesis. These results have implications for understanding the nature and heterogeneity of human cancers and for using personal genomics for tumor diagnosis and therapy.

摘要翻译： 人类癌症是由致癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因突变的积累引起的。 为了列出肿瘤发生过程中发生的遗传变化，我们从11个乳腺和11个结肠直肠肿瘤中分离出DNA，并在这些样品中确定了参考序列数据库中的基因序列。 根据对18,191个基因的20,857个转录本的外显子的分析，我们得出结论，乳腺癌和结肠直肠癌的基因组景观由少数常见的突变基因“山”组成，更多的基因“山”在低位突变 频率。 我们描述了统计和生物信息学工具，可以帮助识别在肿瘤发生中发挥作用的突变。 这些结果有助于了解人类癌症的性质和异质性以及使用个人基因组学进行肿瘤诊断和治疗。