公开(公告)号：US20120115735A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-10

申请号：US13060453

申请日：2009-09-03

申请人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  D. Williams Parsons ,  Sian Jones ,  Xiaosong Zhang ,  Jimmy Cheng-Ho Lin ,  Rebecca J. Leary ,  Philipp Angenendt ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Giovanni Parmigiani ,  Rachel Karchin ,  Scott Kern ,  Ralph Hruban ,  James R. Eshleman ,  Michael Goggins ,  Alison Klein

发明人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  D. Williams Parsons ,  Sian Jones ,  Xiaosong Zhang ,  Jimmy Cheng-Ho Lin ,  Rebecca J. Leary ,  Philipp Angenendt ,  Nickolas Papadopoulos ,  Victor Velculescu ,  Giovanni Parmigiani ,  Rachel Karchin ,  Scott Kern ,  Ralph Hruban ,  James R. Eshleman ,  Michael Goggins ,  Alison Klein

IPC分类号： C12Q1/68 ,  C40B20/00 ,  C07H21/04

CPC分类号： G01N33/57438 ,  C12Q1/6886 ,  C12Q2600/156 ,  G01N2800/50

摘要： There are currently few therapeutic options for patients with pancreatic cancers and new insights into the pathogenesis of this lethal disease are urgently needed. To this end, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the genes altered in 24 pancreatic tumors. First, we determined the sequences of 23,781 transcripts, representing 20,583 protein-encoding genes, in DNA from these tumors. Second, we searched for homozygous deletions and amplifications using microarrays querying ˜one million single nucleotide polymorphisms in each sample. Third, we analyzed the transcriptomes of the same samples using SAGE and next-generation sequencing-by-synthesis technologies. We found that pancreatic cancers contain an average of 63 genetic alterations, of which 49 are point mutations, 8 are homozygous deletions, and 6 are amplifications. Further analyses revealed a core set of 12 regulatory processes or pathways that were each genetically altered in 70% to 100% of the samples. The data suggest that dysregulation of this core set of pathways is responsible for the major features of pancreatic tumorigenesis.

摘要翻译： 目前对胰腺癌患者几乎没有治疗选择，迫切需要对这种致死性疾病的发病机理的新见解。 为此，我们对24个胰腺肿瘤中改变的基因进行了综合分析。 首先，我们从这些肿瘤的DNA中确定了23,781个转录本，代表20,583个蛋白质编码基因的序列。 第二，我们使用微阵列查询每个样本中的百万个单核苷酸多态性的纯合缺失和扩增。 第三，我们使用SAGE和下一代按序合成技术分析了相同样品的转录组。 我们发现胰腺癌平均存在63个遗传改变，其中49个是点突变，8个是纯合缺失，6个是扩增。 进一步的分析揭示了一组核心的12个调节过程或途径，在70％至100％的样品中进行了遗传改变。 数据表明，这种核心途径的失调导致了胰腺肿瘤发生的主要特征。

公开(公告)号：US20120034318A1

公开(公告)日：2012-02-09

申请号：US13254610

申请日：2010-03-05

申请人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  D. Williams Parsons ,  Sian Jones ,  Scott Kern ,  Ralph Hruban ,  James R. Eshleman ,  Michael Goggins ,  Alison Klein ,  Manuel Hidalgo ,  Victor E. Velculescu

发明人： Bert Vogelstein ,  Kenneth W. Kinzler ,  D. Williams Parsons ,  Sian Jones ,  Scott Kern ,  Ralph Hruban ,  James R. Eshleman ,  Michael Goggins ,  Alison Klein ,  Manuel Hidalgo ,  Victor E. Velculescu

IPC分类号： A61K33/24 ,  A61P35/00 ,  C40B20/08 ,  G01N33/577 ,  G01N33/566 ,  C12Q1/68

CPC分类号： C12Q1/6886 ,  A61K31/407 ,  C12Q2600/106 ,  C12Q2600/156 ,  C12Q2600/158 ,  G01N33/57438 ,  G01N2333/47

摘要： The present invention provides a method for detecting mutations in the PALB2 gene in pancreatic cancer patients and in individuals having a family history of pancreatic cancer. Methods are also provided for diagnosing a predisposition to pancreatic cancer, for predicting a patient's response to pancreatic cancer therapies, and for treating pancreatic cancer, based on presence of a PALB2 mutation or abberant PALB2 gene expression in a patient.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种检测胰腺癌患者和具有胰腺癌家族史的个体中PALB2基因突变的方法。 还提供了用于诊断患有胰腺癌的倾向，用于预测患者对胰腺癌治疗的反应以及用于治疗患者胰腺癌的方法，其基于在患者体内PALB2突变或异常PALB2基因表达的存在。

公开(公告)号：US20070293993A9

公开(公告)日：2007-12-20

申请号：US11250601

申请日：2005-10-17

申请人： Dennis Graham ,  Daniel Carr ,  Scott Kern ,  Howard Lang

发明人： Dennis Graham ,  Daniel Carr ,  Scott Kern ,  Howard Lang

IPC分类号： G05D1/00

CPC分类号： B63H21/21 ,  B63H21/213 ,  B63H21/22 ,  Y10T477/20

摘要： A control system for a marine vessel having one or more engines and a transmission associated with each engine is disclosed. The control system includes one or more control stations, each having a control arm and arm position means coupled to the control arm for providing an electrical signal that represents a position of the control arm within its operating range. The system includes one or more electronic control units, each of which is electro-mechanically coupled to an engine and a transmission. A first electronic control unit (ECU) includes input means for receiving the electrical signal, control means for controlling a throttle of a first engine and shift position of a first transmission based on the electrical signal, and output means for providing a control signal that represents a current position of the control arm to a second ECU. The second ECU is coupled to the first ECU via the communications link, and includes input means for receiving the control signal from the first ECU, and control means for controlling the throttle of a second engine and the shift position of a second transmission based on the power train control signal.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于具有一个或多个发动机和与每个发动机相关联的变速器的船舶的控制系统。 控制系统包括一个或多个控制站，每个控制站具有控制臂和臂位置装置，其耦合到控制臂，用于提供表示控制臂在其工作范围内的位置的电信号。 该系统包括一个或多个电子控制单元，每个电子控制单元电机械耦合到发动机和变速器。 第一电子控制单元（ECU）包括用于接收电信号的输入装置，用于基于电信号控制第一发动机的节气门和第一变速器的换档位置的控制装置，以及用于提供表示 控制臂的当前位置到第二ECU。 第二ECU经由通信链路耦合到第一ECU，并且包括用于接收来自第一ECU的控制信号的输入装置，以及用于控制第二发动机的节气门的控制装置和基于所述第二ECU的变速位置 动力传动系控制信号。

公开(公告)号：US20070131553A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-14

申请号：US11543925

申请日：2006-10-06

申请人： Scott Kern ,  Jonathan Brody

发明人： Scott Kern ,  Jonathan Brody

IPC分类号： B01D59/42

CPC分类号： G01N27/44747

摘要： A series of low molarity conductive media based on non-buffering univalent cations, such as sodium chloride-sodium acetate (SCA), sodium boric acid (SB), lithium boric acid, and lithium acetate mitigate the “runaway” positive feedback heating loop produced by conventional media containing biological amine buffers and permit improved DNA electrophoresis under the conditions of low salt concentration. These media serve well in ultra-fast DNA electrophoresis and in high-resolution separations of RNA and DNA fragments.

摘要翻译： 一系列基于非缓冲一价阳离子的低摩尔浓度导电介质，如氯化钠 - 乙酸钠（SCA），硼酸钠（SB），硼酸锂和乙酸锂缓解了“失控”正反馈加热回路产生 通过含有生物胺缓冲液的常规培养基，并在低盐浓度的条件下进行改进的DNA电泳。 这些培养基在超快速DNA电泳和RNA和DNA片段的高分辨率分离中起到很好的作用。

公开(公告)号：US06914272B2

公开(公告)日：2005-07-05

申请号：US10721440

申请日：2003-11-24

申请人： Werner K. Goetz ,  Michael D. Camras ,  Changhua Chen ,  Gina L. Christenson ,  R. Scott Kern ,  Chihping Kuo ,  Paul Scott Martin ,  Daniel A. Steigerwald

发明人： Werner K. Goetz ,  Michael D. Camras ,  Changhua Chen ,  Gina L. Christenson ,  R. Scott Kern ,  Chihping Kuo ,  Paul Scott Martin ,  Daniel A. Steigerwald

IPC分类号： H01S5/30 ,  H01L33/32 ,  H01L33/40 ,  H01S5/042 ,  H01S5/323 ,  H01L33/00

CPC分类号： H01L33/40 ,  H01L33/32 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01S5/0421 ,  H01S5/0425 ,  H01S5/32341 ,  H01L2924/00

摘要： P-type layers of a GaN based light-emitting device are optimized for formation of Ohmic contact with metal. In a first embodiment, a p-type GaN transition layer with a resistivity greater than or equal to about 7 Ωcm is formed between a p-type conductivity layer and a metal contact. In a second embodiment, the p-type transition layer is any III-V semiconductor. In a third embodiment, the p-type transition layer is a superlattice. In a fourth embodiment, a single p-type layer of varying composition and varying concentration of dopant is formed.

摘要翻译： GaN基发光器件的P型层优化用于形成与金属的欧姆接触。 在第一实施例中，在p型导电层和金属触点之间形成电阻率大于或等于约7Ωgm的p型GaN过渡层。 在第二实施例中，p型过渡层是任何III-V半导体。 在第三实施例中，p型过渡层是超晶格。 在第四实施例中，形成具有不同组成和不同浓度的掺杂剂的单一p型层。

公开(公告)号：US06280523B1

公开(公告)日：2001-08-28

申请号：US09245448

申请日：1999-02-05

申请人： Carrie Carter Coman ,  Fred A. Kish, Jr. ,  R. Scott Kern ,  Michael R. Krames ,  Paul S. Martin

发明人： Carrie Carter Coman ,  Fred A. Kish, Jr. ,  R. Scott Kern ,  Michael R. Krames ,  Paul S. Martin

IPC分类号： C30B2512

CPC分类号： H01L33/465 ,  H01L33/007 ,  H01L33/0075 ,  H01L33/0079 ,  H01L33/105 ,  H01S5/0216 ,  H01S5/0217 ,  H01S5/18341 ,  H01S5/18361 ,  H01S5/1838 ,  H01S5/32341 ,  Y10S117/915

摘要： Light emitting devices having a vertical optical path, e.g. a vertical cavity surface emitting laser or a resonant cavity light emitting or detecting device, having high quality mirrors may be achieved using wafer bonding or metallic soldering techniques. The light emitting region interposes one or two reflector stacks containing dielectric distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs). The dielectric DBRs may be deposited or attached to the light emitting device. A host substrate of GaP, GaAs, InP, or Si is attached to one of the dielectric DBRs. Electrical contacts are added to the light emitting device.

摘要翻译： 具有垂直光路的发光器件，例如 可以使用晶片接合或金属焊接技术实现具有高质量反射镜的垂直腔表面发射激光器或谐振腔发光或检测装置。 发光区域包含一个或两个包含介质分布布拉格反射器（DBR）的反射器堆叠。 电介质DBR可以沉积或附着到发光器件。 GaP，GaAs，InP或Si的主衬底连接到电介质DBR之一。 电触点被添加到发光器件中。

公开(公告)号：US20070055419A1

公开(公告)日：2007-03-08

申请号：US11593002

申请日：2006-11-06

申请人： Ronald List ,  Scott Kern ,  Howard Lang ,  James Zecca

发明人： Ronald List ,  Scott Kern ,  Howard Lang ,  James Zecca

IPC分类号： G05D1/00

CPC分类号： B63H21/213

摘要： A control system for a marine vessel having three or more engines is disclosed. The three or more engines may be operated via one or two control levers from each of one or more control stations. The control system may include a first control lever and a second control lever, each of which has an associated operating range. The control levers operate the engine throttle and transmission controls for three or more engines in a plurality of modes. This may be accomplished under software control using a digital data link between respective engine control units associated with the engines.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有三个或更多个发动机的船舶的控制系统。 三个或更多个发动机可以经由来自一个或多个控制站中的每一个的一个或两个控制杆来操作。 控制系统可以包括第一控制杆和第二控制杆，每个控制杆具有相关联的操作范围。 控制杆操作多个模式中的三个或更多个发动机的发动机节气门和变速器控制。 这可以在软件控制下使用与发动机相关联的各个发动机控制单元之间的数字数据链路来实现。

公开(公告)号：US20060183122A1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-17

申请号：US10540904

申请日：2003-12-26

申请人： Scott Kern ,  Michael Van Der Heijden

发明人： Scott Kern ,  Michael Van Der Heijden

IPC分类号： C12Q1/68

CPC分类号： C07K14/47 ,  C12Q1/6886 ,  C12Q2600/106 ,  C12Q2600/136 ,  C12Q2600/156

摘要： The present invention relates to methods of determining if a patient has cancer or is at increased risk of developing cancer, particularly pancreatic cancer, the method comprising testing a FANC gene for the presence of a cancer-associated coding change, wherein said presence of one or more cancer-associated coding changes is indicative of cancer or an increased risk of cancer in said patient. The invention further relates to methods of treating a patient having cancer, particularly pancreatic cancer, who has one or more cancer-associated coding changes in the FANC genes comprising the step of administering a therapeutically effective amount of a chemotherapeutic cross-linking agent.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及确定患者是否患有癌症或具有发展为癌症，特别是胰腺癌的风险增加的方法，所述方法包括测试FANC基因以存在癌症相关编码变化，其中所述存在一种或多种 更多的癌症相关的编码变化是所述患者中的癌症或增加的癌症风险的指示。 本发明还涉及治疗患有癌症的患者，特别是胰腺癌的方法，所述患者在FANC基因中具有一种或多种与癌症相关的编码变化，包括给予治疗有效量的化学治疗性交联剂的步骤。

公开(公告)号：US06635904B2

公开(公告)日：2003-10-21

申请号：US09823823

申请日：2001-03-29

申请人： Werner K. Goetz ,  Michael D. Camras ,  Nathan F. Gardner ,  R. Scott Kern ,  Andrew Y. Kim ,  Stephen A. Stockman

发明人： Werner K. Goetz ,  Michael D. Camras ,  Nathan F. Gardner ,  R. Scott Kern ,  Andrew Y. Kim ,  Stephen A. Stockman

IPC分类号： H01L3300

CPC分类号： H01L33/32 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  H01L33/007 ,  H01L33/0075 ,  H01L33/02 ,  H01L33/06 ,  H01S5/0212 ,  H01S5/32341 ,  H01S5/3409

摘要： A smoothing structure containing indium is formed between the substrate and the active region of a III-nitride light emitting device to improve the surface characteristics of the device layers. In some embodiments, the smoothing structure is a single layer, separated from the active region by a spacer layer which typically does not contain indium. The smoothing layer contains a composition of indium lower than the active region, and is typically deposited at a higher temperature than the active region. The spacer layer is typically deposited while reducing the temperature in the reactor from the smoothing layer deposition temperature to the active region deposition temperature. In other embodiments, a graded smoothing region is used to improve the surface characteristics. The smoothing region may have a graded composition, graded dopant concentration, or both.

公开(公告)号：US06489636B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-03

申请号：US09823732

申请日：2001-03-29

申请人： Werner K. Goetz ,  Michael D. Camras ,  Nathan F. Gardner ,  R. Scott Kern ,  Andrew Y. Kim ,  Stephen A. Stockman

发明人： Werner K. Goetz ,  Michael D. Camras ,  Nathan F. Gardner ,  R. Scott Kern ,  Andrew Y. Kim ,  Stephen A. Stockman

IPC分类号： H01L3300

CPC分类号： H01L33/32 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  H01L33/007 ,  H01L33/0075 ,  H01L33/02 ,  H01L33/06 ,  H01S5/0212 ,  H01S5/32341 ,  H01S5/3409

摘要： A smoothing structure containing indium is formed between the substrate and the active region of a III-nitride light emitting device to improve the surface characteristics of the device layers. In some embodiments, the smoothing structure is a single layer, separated from the active region by a spacer layer which typically does not contain indium. The smoothing layer contains a composition of indium lower than the active region, and is typically deposited at a higher temperature than the active region. The spacer layer is typically deposited while reducing the temperature in the reactor from the smoothing layer deposition temperature to the active region deposition temperature. In other embodiments, a graded smoothing region is used to improve the surface characteristics. The smoothing region may have a graded composition, graded dopant concentration, or both.