公开(公告)号：US5973623A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-26

申请号：US957972

申请日：1997-10-21

申请人： Bhusan Gupta ,  Alan Henry Kramer

发明人： Bhusan Gupta ,  Alan Henry Kramer

IPC分类号： H01H36/00 ,  G01B7/28 ,  H03K17/96 ,  H05B37/02

CPC分类号： H03K17/962 ,  Y10T307/766 ,  Y10T307/826

摘要： A fingertip-operated solid state capacitance switch detects a capacity change that is induced by the physical contact of an ungrounded fingertip to an external dielectric surface of the solid state switch. The input and output of a solid state signal-inverting amplifier are respectively connected to two relatively large and ungrounded capacitor plates that are associated with, but electrically isolated from, the switch's external dielectric surface. An ungrounded fingertip forms a third capacitor plate on the switch's external surface. The solid state amplifier detects the presence of a fingertip on the switch's external surface by way of a change in capacitance within a compound, three plate, capacitor that includes the two ungrounded capacitor plates and the ungrounded fingertip that is resident on the switch's external surface. An automatic gain control circuit is provided to adjust the value of an amplifier reference voltage when the solid state switch is not operating, thereby allowing the solid state switch to adapt to changeable ambient conditions. A momentary switch and a toggle flip-flop latched switch are provided. A linear switch array having a movable control knob and a linear LED indicator array is provided. The momentary solid state switch is constructed to operate as a temporal code detector that detects a coded sequence of switch-taps and a coded time interval between adjacent switch-taps.

摘要翻译： 指尖操作的固态电容开关检测由未接地的指尖与固态开关的外部电介质表面的物理接触引起的容量变化。 固态信号反相放大器的输入和输出分别连接到与开关的外部电介质表面相关联但与之隔离的两个相对较大且不接地的电容器板。 未接地的指尖在开关的外表面上形成第三电容器板。 固态放大器通过化合物内的电容变化来检测开关外部表面是否存在指尖，三板电容器包括两个未接地的电容器板和驻留在开关外表面上的未接地的指尖。 提供一种自动增益控制电路，用于在固态开关不工作时调整放大器参考电压的值，从而允许固态开关适应可变的环境条件。 提供瞬时开关和开关触发器锁存开关。 提供具有可移动控制旋钮和线性LED指示器阵列的线性开关阵列。 瞬时固态开关被构造为作为检测开关抽头的编码序列和相邻开关抽头之间的编码时间间隔的时间码检测器来操作。

公开(公告)号：US06225711B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-01

申请号：US09374716

申请日：1999-08-13

申请人： Bhusan Gupta ,  Alan Henry Kramer

发明人： Bhusan Gupta ,  Alan Henry Kramer

IPC分类号： H01H3500

CPC分类号： H03K17/962 ,  Y10T307/766 ,  Y10T307/826

摘要： A fingertip-operated solid state capacitance switch detects a capacity change that is induced by the physical contact of an ungrounded fingertip to an external dielectric surface of the solid state switch. The input and output of a solid state signal-inverting amplifier are respectively connected to two relatively large and ungrounded capacitor plates that are associated with, but electrically isolated from, the switch's external dielectric surface. An ungrounded fingertip forms a third capacitor plate on the switch's external surface. The solid state amplifier detects the presence of a fingertip on the switch's external surface by way of a change in capacitance within a compound, three plate, capacitor that includes the two ungrounded capacitor plates and the ungrounded fingertip that is resident on the switch's external surface. An automatic gain control circuit is provided to adjust the value of an amplifier reference voltage when the solid state switch is not operating, thereby allowing the solid state switch to adapt to changeable ambient conditions. A momentary switch and a toggle flip-flop latched switch are provided. A linear switch array having a movable control knob and a linear LED indicator array is provided. The momentary solid state switch is constructed to operate as a temporal code detector that detects a coded sequence of switch-taps and a coded time interval between adjacent switch-taps.

摘要翻译： 指尖操作的固态电容开关检测由未接地的指尖与固态开关的外部电介质表面的物理接触引起的容量变化。 固态信号反相放大器的输入和输出分别连接到与开关的外部电介质表面相关联但与之隔离的两个相对较大且不接地的电容器板。 未接地的指尖在开关的外表面上形成第三电容器板。 固态放大器通过化合物内的电容变化来检测开关外部表面是否存在指尖，三板电容器包括两个未接地的电容器板和驻留在开关外表面上的未接地的指尖。 提供一种自动增益控制电路，用于在固态开关不工作时调整放大器参考电压的值，从而允许固态开关适应可变的环境条件。 提供瞬时开关和开关触发器锁存开关。 提供具有可移动控制旋钮和线性LED指示器阵列的线性开关阵列。 瞬时固态开关被构造为作为检测开关抽头的编码序列和相邻开关抽头之间的编码时间间隔的时间码检测器来操作。

公开(公告)号：US07239227B1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-03

申请号：US09475686

申请日：1999-12-30

申请人： Bhusan Gupta ,  Alan Kramer

发明人： Bhusan Gupta ,  Alan Kramer

IPC分类号： G06F7/04

CPC分类号： B60R25/25 ,  B60R25/252 ,  G06K9/00006 ,  G07C9/00158 ,  G07C9/00563

摘要： A substrate having a fingerprint sensing system usable as a command interface using finger movements. A user's fingerprint pattern is recognized and compared to previously stored reference patterns. If the fingerprint pattern matches a previously stored pattern, the user is then permitted to enter certain commands via the same interface system. For example, in the case of an automobile, a user may identify themselves with their fingerprint, and then perform such functions as unlocking the doors, setting the seat to a selected location, or even pre-starting the car prior to their entering the automobile. The very same devices which perform the fingerprint identification and sensing are also used for the input sensing and command recognition to perform the various commands. A user is thus able to securely control desired functions in an automobile, while being assured that an unauthorized user will not have access to the automobile, even as they were able to obtain the command interface device.

摘要翻译： 一种具有指纹感测系统的基板，可用作使用手指移动的命令界面。 用户的指纹图案被识别并与先前存储的参考图案进行比较。 如果指纹图案与先前存储的图案匹配，则允许用户通过相同的接口系统输入某些命令。 例如，在汽车的情况下，用户可以用自己的指纹识别自己，然后执行解锁门，将座椅设置到所选择的位置，甚至在进入汽车之前预先启动汽车的功能 。 执行指纹识别和感测的相同设备也用于输入感测和命令识别以执行各种命令。 因此，即使能够获得命令接口装置，用户也能够可靠地控制汽车中的期望功能，同时确保未经授权的用户不能访问汽车。

公开(公告)号：US6110791A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-29

申请号：US361348

申请日：1999-07-26

申请人： Alexander Kalnitsky ,  Alan Kramer ,  Vito Fabbrizio ,  Giovanni Gozzini ,  Bhusan Gupta ,  Marco Sabatini

发明人： Alexander Kalnitsky ,  Alan Kramer ,  Vito Fabbrizio ,  Giovanni Gozzini ,  Bhusan Gupta ,  Marco Sabatini

IPC分类号： H01G7/00 ,  G01B7/28 ,  G01L9/00 ,  G01P15/08 ,  G01P15/125 ,  H01L21/822 ,  H01L27/04 ,  H01L21/20

CPC分类号： G01L9/0072 ,  G01P15/0802 ,  G01P15/125 ,  H01G5/16

摘要： A variable capacitor in a semiconductor device is described in which the capacitance is varied by the movement of a dielectric material in the space between the plates of the capacitor in response to an external stimulus. A method of making such a variable capacitor is also described in which the capacitor is built in a layered structure with the top layer including a portion of dielectric material extending into the space between the capacitor plates. After formation of the top layer, an intermediate layer is etched away to render the top layer flexible to facilitate movement of the dielectric material in the space between the capacitor plates.

摘要翻译： 描述了半导体器件中的可变电容器，其中电容根据外部刺激而在电容器的板之间的空间中的电介质材料的移动而变化。 还描述了制造这种可变电容器的方法，其中电容器内置在分层结构中，顶层包括延伸到电容器板之间的空间中的介电材料的一部分。 在形成顶层之后，蚀刻掉中间层以使顶层柔性以促进电介质材料在电容器板之间的空间中的移动。

公开(公告)号：US06437583B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-20

申请号：US09614093

申请日：2000-07-11

申请人： Marco Tartagni ,  Bhusan Gupta ,  Alan Kramer

发明人： Marco Tartagni ,  Bhusan Gupta ,  Alan Kramer

IPC分类号： G01R2726

CPC分类号： G01B7/023 ,  G01B7/004 ,  G01B7/287 ,  G01B7/34 ,  G06K9/0002

摘要： A distance sensor has a capacitive element in turn having a first capacitor plate which is positioned facing a second capacitor plate whose distance is to be measured. In the case of fingerprinting, the second capacitor plate is defined directly by the skin surface of the finger being printed. The sensor comprises an inverting amplifier, between the input and output of which the capacitive element is connected to form a negative feedback branch. By supplying an electric charge step to the input of the inverting amplifier, a voltage step directly proportional to the distance being measured is obtained at the output.

摘要翻译： 距离传感器具有电容元件，其依次具有第一电容器板，该第一电容器板面对要测量距离的第二电容器板。 在指纹的情况下，第二电容器板由被打印的手指的皮肤表面直接限定。 该传感器包括反相放大器，在其输入和输出之间电容元件连接以形成负反馈支路。 通过向反相放大器的输入端提供电荷步骤，在输出端获得与测量距离成正比的电压阶跃。

公开(公告)号：US20180231271A1

公开(公告)日：2018-08-16

申请号：US15896882

申请日：2018-02-14

申请人： Hamid NAJAFI ,  Bhusan Gupta ,  Hamid Farzaneh

发明人： Hamid NAJAFI ,  Bhusan Gupta ,  Hamid Farzaneh

IPC分类号： F24F13/14 ,  F24F11/58 ,  F24F11/63 ,  F24F11/76

CPC分类号： F24F13/1426 ,  F24F11/58 ,  F24F11/63 ,  F24F11/76 ,  F24F2013/1433 ,  F24F2110/10 ,  F24F2120/20

摘要： A smart vent system is provided comprising at least one smart vent having a wireless connection to a gateway which interfaces directly with the HVAC system to control the HVAC system's operation, thereby bypassing or rendering unnecessary any thermostats that would normally control the HVAC system. The smart vent has a user device link for communicating directly with a user device. The gateway may be configured to either communicate with a smart thermostat or control the HVAC system directly. The smart vent may be embodied in either one device or two intercommunicating devices.

公开(公告)号：US6114862A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-05

申请号：US40261

申请日：1998-03-09

申请人： Marco Tartagni ,  Bhusan Gupta ,  Alan Kramer

发明人： Marco Tartagni ,  Bhusan Gupta ,  Alan Kramer

IPC分类号： G01B7/00 ,  A61B5/117 ,  G01B7/004 ,  G01B7/02 ,  G01B7/287 ,  G01B7/34 ,  G06K9/00 ,  G01R27/26

CPC分类号： G01B7/023 ,  G01B7/004 ,  G01B7/287 ,  G01B7/34 ,  G06K9/0002

摘要： A distance sensor has a capacitive element in turn having a first capacitor plate which is positioned facing a second capacitor plate whose distance is to be measured. In the case of fingerprinting, the second capacitor plate is defined directly by the skin surface of the finger being printed. The sensor comprises an inverting amplifier, between the input and output of which the capacitive element is connected to form a negative feedback branch. By supplying an electric charge step to the input of the inverting amplifier, a voltage step directly proportional to the distance being measured is obtained at the output.

公开(公告)号：US06628377B1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-30

申请号：US09542428

申请日：2000-04-04

申请人： Marco Sabatini ,  Frederic Raynal ,  Bhusan Gupta

发明人： Marco Sabatini ,  Frederic Raynal ,  Bhusan Gupta

IPC分类号： G06K974

CPC分类号： G06K9/00026 ,  G06K9/00006

摘要： A narrow array optical fingerprint detector that substantially eliminates over-sampling of the array measures the speed of a finger moving over the array and scans the array at a rate determined by the speed of movement of the finger. The fingerprint detector measures the speed of finger movement with a transparent cylinder rotatably mounted adjacent the array. The transparent cylinder is mounted to engage the finger and rotate as the finger is swept past the array. A light chopper is mounted for rotation with the cylinder. A photo-sensor is mounted adjacent the light chopper. The photo-sensor produces a signal in response to light being chopped by the light chopper. The photo-sensor is operably connected to scanning circuitry. Each time the scanning circuitry receives a signal from the photo-sensor, the scanning circuitry scans the array.

摘要翻译： 基本上消除阵列的过度取样的窄阵列光学指纹检测器测量手指在阵列上移动的速度并以由手指的移动速度确定的速率扫描阵列。 指纹检测器通过可旋转地安装在阵列附近的透明圆柱体来测量手指运动的速度。 安装透明圆筒以接合手指并随着手指扫过阵列而旋转。 安装了一个切割器与圆筒一起旋转。 光电传感器安装在光斩波器附近。 光传感器响应于被光斩波器切碎的光而产生信号。 光电传感器可操作地连接到扫描电路。 每次扫描电路接收来自光电传感器的信号时，扫描电路将扫描阵列。

公开(公告)号：US06496021B2

公开(公告)日：2002-12-17

申请号：US10054182

申请日：2002-01-18

申请人： Marco Tartagni ,  Bhusan Gupta ,  Alan Kramer

发明人： Marco Tartagni ,  Bhusan Gupta ,  Alan Kramer

IPC分类号： G01R2726

CPC分类号： G01B7/023 ,  G01B7/004 ,  G01B7/287 ,  G01B7/34 ,  G06K9/0002

摘要： This invention is directed to a method of making a capacitive distance sensor that includes one or more sensor cells each with first and second capacitor plates. The method includes determining an expected range of sizes of objects the sensor will be used to detect and determining a total perimeter value for each of a plurality of capacitor patterns. Each capacitor pattern includes a different arrangement of the first and second capacitor plates and the total perimeter value is the sum of the perimeter values for the first and second capacitor plates. The method selects one of the capacitor patterns based on the expected size of the object and on the total perimeter values determined for the capacitor patterns. The selecting step includes selecting whichever one of the capacitor patterns has the largest total perimeter value if the object is smaller than each of the one or more sensor cells.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种制造电容式距离传感器的方法，该电容式距离传感器包括一个或多个传感器单元，每个传感器单元均具有第一和第二电容器板。 该方法包括确定传感器将被用于检测的物体的预期尺寸范围，以及确定多个电容器图案中的每一个的总周界值。 每个电容器图案包括第一和第二电容器板的不同布置，并且总周边值是第一和第二电容器板的周边值的总和。 该方法基于物体的预期尺寸和为电容器图案确定的总周界值来选择电容器图案之一。 所述选择步骤包括如果所述对象小于所述一个或多个传感器单元中的每一个，则选择所述电容器图案中的每一个具有最大总周界值。

公开(公告)号：US06191593B1

公开(公告)日：2001-02-20

申请号：US08992002

申请日：1997-12-17

申请人： Marco Tartagni ,  Bhusan Gupta

发明人： Marco Tartagni ,  Bhusan Gupta

IPC分类号： G01R2726

CPC分类号： G01B7/004

摘要： A capacitance sensor detects the absence/presence of physical matter on a sensing surface of the sensor. The capacitive sensor is a multi-cell sensor wherein each cell has one or more buried, protected, and physically inaccessible capacitor plates. The sensor is physically placed in an environment that is to be monitored for deposition of a particle, vapor, and/or drop of a foreign material on the sensing surface. All cells are initially placed in a startup condition or state. Thereafter, the cells are interrogated or readout, looking for a change in the equivalent feedback capacitance that results from an electrical field shape modification that is caused by the presence of physical matter on the sensing surface. When no such change is detected, the method is repeated for another cell. When a change is detected for a cell, a particle/vapor/drop output is provided. As an optional step, the sensor is provided with a layer of a material that is selectively reactive to or reactive with, a particle/vapor/drop of a known type of foreign material.

摘要翻译： 电容传感器检测传感器感测表面上物理物质的存在/不存在。 电容传感器是多单元传感器，其中每个单元具有一个或多个掩埋的，受保护的和物理上不可接近的电容器板。 传感器被物理放置在要被监测的环境中，以便在感测表面上沉积异物的颗粒，蒸汽和/或液滴。 所有单元最初都处于启动状态或状态。 此后，单元被询问或读出，寻找由感测表面上的物理物质的存在引起的电场形状修改产生的等效反馈电容的变化。 当没有检测到这种变化时，对另一个单元重复该方法。 当检测到电池的变化时，提供颗粒/蒸气/液滴输出。 作为可选步骤，传感器设置有与已知类型的异物的颗粒/蒸汽/液滴选择性反应或与其反应的材料层。