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    Procedure for starting up a fuel cell system having an anode exhaust recycle loop
    1.
    发明授权
    Procedure for starting up a fuel cell system having an anode exhaust recycle loop 有权
    启动具有阳极排气循环回路的燃料电池系统的步骤

    公开(公告)号：US07250229B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-07-31

    申请号：US11231285

    申请日：2005-09-20

    申请人： Deliang Yang ,  Margaret M. Steinbugler ,  Richard D. Sawyer ,  Leslie L. Van Dine ,  Carl A. Reiser

    发明人： Deliang Yang ,  Margaret M. Steinbugler ,  Richard D. Sawyer ,  Leslie L. Van Dine ,  Carl A. Reiser

    IPC分类号： H01M8/06

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/04007 ,  H01M8/04022 ,  H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/04231 ,  H01M8/04238 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2457 ,  H01M16/003

    摘要： A procedure for starting up a fuel cell system that is disconnected from its primary load and that has air in both its cathode and anode flow fields includes a) connecting an auxiliary resistive load across the cell to reduce the cell voltage; b) initiating a recirculation of the anode flow field exhaust through a recycle loop and providing a limited flow of hydrogen fuel into that recirculating exhaust; c) catalytically reacting the added fuel with oxygen present in the recirculating gases until substantially no oxygen remains within the recycle loop; disconnecting the auxiliary load; and then d) providing normal operating flow rates of fuel and air into respective anode and cathode flow fields and connecting the primary load across the cell. The catalytic reaction may take place on the anode or within a catalytic burner disposed within the recycle loop. The procedure allows start-up of the fuel cell system without the use of an inert gas purge while minimizing dissolution of the catalyst and corrosion of the catalyst support during the start-up process.

    摘要翻译： 用于启动与其主负载断开且在其阴极和阳极流场中具有空气的燃料电池系统的过程包括：a）在电池之间连接辅助电阻负载以降低电池电压; b）启动阳极流场排气通过循环回路的再循环，并向该再循环排气提供有限的氢气燃料流; c）使添加的燃料与存在于再循环气体中的氧直接催化反应，直到基本上没有氧气残留在循环回路内; 断开辅助负载; 然后d）将燃料和空气的正常操作流量提供到相应的阳极和阴极流场中，并将主负载连接在电池上。 催化反应可以在阳极上或在设置在循环回路内的催化燃烧器中进行。 该程序允许在不使用惰性气体吹扫的情况下启动燃料电池系统，同时最小化催化剂的溶解和在启动过程中催化剂载体的腐蚀。

    Procedure for starting up a fuel cell system using a fuel purge
    3.
    发明授权
    Procedure for starting up a fuel cell system using a fuel purge 有权
    使用燃料吹扫启动燃料电池系统的步骤

    公开(公告)号：US07410712B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-08-12

    申请号：US11073207

    申请日：2005-03-05

    申请人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Deliang Yang ,  Richard D. Sawyer

    发明人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Deliang Yang ,  Richard D. Sawyer

    IPC分类号： H01M8/00 ,  H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2457

    摘要： A procedure for starting up a fuel cell system that is disconnected from its primary load and has both its cathode and anode flow fields filled with air includes initiating a flow of air through the cathode flow field and rapidly displacing the air in the anode flow field by delivering a flow of fresh hydrogen containing fuel into the anode flow field, and thereafter connecting the primary load across the cell. Sufficiently fast purging of the anode flow field with hydrogen prior to connecting the cells to the load eliminates the need for purging the anode flow field with an inert gas, such as nitrogen, upon start-up.

    摘要翻译： 用于启动与其主要负载断开并且其阴极和阳极流动场充满空气的燃料电池系统的过程包括引发空气流过阴极流场并且通过在阳极流场中快速移动空气，由 将新鲜的含氢燃料流输送到阳极流场中，然后将主负载连接在电池上。 在将电池连接到负载之前，用氢气充分快速地吹扫阳极流场消除了在启动时用惰性气体例如氮气吹扫阳极流场的需要。

    Procedure for starting up a fuel cell system using a fuel purge
    4.
    发明授权
    Procedure for starting up a fuel cell system using a fuel purge 有权
    使用燃料吹扫启动燃料电池系统的步骤

    公开(公告)号：US06887599B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-05-03

    申请号：US10305301

    申请日：2002-11-26

    申请人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Deliang Yang ,  Richard D. Sawyer

    发明人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Deliang Yang ,  Richard D. Sawyer

    IPC分类号： H01M8/00

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 ,  H01M8/0258 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2457

    摘要： A procedure for starting up a fuel cell system that is disconnected from its primary load and has both its cathode and anode flow fields filled with air includes initiating a flow of air through the cathode flow field and rapidly displacing the air in the anode flow field by delivering a flow of fresh hydrogen containing fuel into the anode flow field, and thereafter connecting the primary load across the cell. Sufficiently fast purging of the anode flow field with hydrogen prior to connecting the cells to the load eliminates the need for purging the anode flow field with an inert gas, such as nitrogen, upon start-up.

    摘要翻译： 用于启动与其主要负载断开并且其阴极和阳极流动场充满空气的燃料电池系统的过程包括引发空气流过阴极流场并且通过在阳极流场中快速移动空气，由 将新鲜的含氢燃料流输送到阳极流场中，然后将主负载连接在电池上。 在将电池连接到负载之前，用氢气充分快速地吹扫阳极流场消除了在启动时用惰性气体例如氮气吹扫阳极流场的需要。

    Method and apparatus for the operation of a cell stack assembly during subfreezing temperatures
    6.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for the operation of a cell stack assembly during subfreezing temperatures 失效
    在解冻温度期间操作细胞堆叠组件的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US07282285B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-10-16

    申请号：US10473989

    申请日：2002-04-05

    申请人： Harold T. Couch ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Gennady Resnick ,  Deliang Yang ,  Emily A. Dykeman ,  David A. Condit

    发明人： Harold T. Couch ,  Carl A. Reiser ,  Gennady Resnick ,  Deliang Yang ,  Emily A. Dykeman ,  David A. Condit

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04253 ,  H01M8/0267 ,  H01M8/04029 ,  H01M8/04303 ,  H01M8/2457 ,  H01M8/2465

    摘要： A cell stack assembly (102) coolant system comprises a coolant exhaust conduit (110) in fluid communication with a coolant exhaust manifold (108) and a coolant pump (112). A coolant inlet conduit (120) enables transportation of the coolant to the coolant inlet manifold. The coolant system further includes a bypass conduit (132) in fluid communication with the coolant exhaust manifold and the coolant inlet manifold, while a bleed valve (130) is in fluid communication with the coolant exhaust conduit and a source of gas. Operation of the bleed valve enables venting of the coolant from the coolant channels, and through a shut down conduit (124). An increased pressure differential between the coolant and reactant gases forces water out of the pores in the electrode substrates (107,109). An ejector (250) prevents air form inhibiting the pump. Pulsed air is blown (238,239,243,245) through the coolant channels to remove more water.

    摘要翻译： 电池堆组件（102）冷却剂系统包括与冷却剂排气歧管（108）和冷却剂泵（112）流体连通的冷却剂排放导管（110）。 冷却剂入口管道（120）能够将冷却剂输送到冷却剂入口歧管。 冷却剂系统还包括与冷却剂排出歧管和冷却剂入口歧管流体连通的旁通管道（132），而排放阀（130）与冷却剂排放管道和气体源流体连通。 泄放阀的操作使冷却剂从冷却剂通道排出，并通过关闭导管（124）。 冷却剂和反应气体之间的增加的压差迫使水从电极基板（107,109）中的孔隙中流出。 喷射器（250）防止空气形式阻止泵。 脉冲空气通过冷却剂通道吹出（238,239,243,245）以除去更多的水。

    Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack water management system
    7.
    发明授权
    Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack water management system 失效
    固体聚合物电解质燃料电池堆水管理系统

    公开(公告)号：US4769297A

    公开(公告)日：1988-09-06

    申请号：US121008

    申请日：1987-11-16

    申请人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Richard D. Sawyer

    发明人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Richard D. Sawyer

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/10 ,  H01M8/24 ,  H01M2/00

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04119 ,  H01M8/04007 ,  H01M8/242 ,  H01M2008/1095

    摘要： Water is fed into the fuel cell stack in the hydrogen reactant stream. Some of the water is evaporated in the cells to cool the stack, and some of the water migrates through the stack from cell to cell. The water migration is the result of the water being dragged from the anode to the cathode through the electrolyte membrane and by the use of porous hydrophilic separator plates being interposed between adjacent cells in the stack. Water is forced through these porous separator plates by means of a reactant pressure differential maintained between the cathode and anode. The anode support plates provide a large surface area from which water is evaporated to perform the cooling function.

    摘要翻译： 水在氢反应物流中进料到燃料电池堆中。 一些水在细胞中蒸发以冷却堆叠，并且一些水从细胞迁移到细胞堆叠。 水迁移是水从阳极通过电解质膜被拖到阴极，并且通过使用插入堆叠中的相邻电池之间的多孔亲水隔板来实现的。 通过保持在阴极和阳极之间的反应物压力差将水强制通过这些多孔隔板。 阳极支撑板提供大的表面积，水从其中蒸发以执行冷却功能。

    Fog-resisant mirror assembly
    9.
    发明授权
    Fog-resisant mirror assembly 失效
    防雾镜组件

    公开(公告)号：US5347106A

    公开(公告)日：1994-09-13

    申请号：US819874

    申请日：1992-01-13

    申请人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Richard D. Sawyer

    发明人： Carl A. Reiser ,  Richard D. Sawyer

    IPC分类号： H05B3/84 ,  H05B1/00 ,  H05B3/16

    CPC分类号： H05B3/845

    摘要： The mirror assembly uses a reflective coating as a heating element for preventing fog formation on a mirror exposed to a humid environment such as is found in a bathroom. As compared to other typically reflective mirror coatings, the coating used in this invention has a relatively high resistance. The coating may be split into separate conductive elements with one or more scribe lines in order to control the length of the conductive path from inlet bus to outlet bus. The buses are made from an ultra thin foil tape which can be adhered to the reflective coating and which is solderable for securement of power lines thereto. The bus tape possesses both in plane and through plane conductive characteristics and can simply be cut to any length desired for the mirror sizes being produced. Power levels supplied to the mirror assembly are varied, with the initial level being higher so as to heat up the mirror quickly, and the maintenance level, which follows, being lower whereby mirror temperature can be maintained without producing an undesirable high mirror temperature. Power change is accomplished by a simple switch. If needed, the mirror assembly can possess a high degree of reflectivity.

    摘要翻译： 反射镜组件使用反射涂层作为加热元件，用于防止在暴露于诸如在浴室中发现的潮湿环境的镜子上的雾形成。 与其他典型的反射镜涂层相比，本发明中使用的涂层具有较高的电阻。 为了控制从入口总线到出口总线的导电路径的长度，涂层可以被分成具有一个或多个划线的单独的导电元件。 公共汽车由超薄箔带制成，其可以粘附到反射涂层上，并且可焊接以将电力线固定到其上。 总线带具有平面和平面导电特性，并且可以简单地切割成所制造的镜子尺寸所需的任何长度。 提供给反射镜组件的功率水平是变化的，初始水平较高，以便快速加热反射镜，并且随后的维护水平较低，从而可以保持镜温，而不产生不期望的高镜面温度。 功率变化通过简单的开关实现。 如果需要，镜组件可以具有高度的反射率。