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公开(公告)号：US4428772A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-31
申请号：US326571
申请日：1981-12-02
CPC分类号： C21B13/02 , C22B5/14 , C21B2100/02 , C21B2100/04 , Y02P10/122 , Y02P10/126 , Y02P10/136
摘要： A method is disclosed for achieving improved reduction efficiency and economy in the reduction of particulate metal ores, e.g. iron ore, in a vertical shaft, moving bed reactor having a reduction zone in which a heated reducing gas is caused to flow through a portion of the ore bed to reduce the metal ore thereof to metal; e.g. sponge iron. The improved efficiency and economy is achieved through an integrated reduction system in which a conventional reformer is used without the need to upgrade the reformed gas prior to feeding it directly to the reduction reactor as a reducing gas.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于实现降低颗粒金属矿石的减少效率和经济性的方法，例如， 在垂直轴中的铁矿石，具有还原区的移动床反应器，其中使加热的还原气体流过矿床的一部分以将其金属矿石还原成金属; 例如 海绵铁。 通过综合还原系统实现了改进的效率和经济性，其中使用常规重整器而不需要在将其直接供给到作为还原气体的还原反应器之前升级重整气体。
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公开(公告)号：US4608240A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-26
申请号：US549228
申请日：1983-11-04
CPC分类号： C07C7/14841
摘要： A method for the desulfurization of sour natural gas containing sulfur contaminants wherein the natural gas is first heated to a temperature in the range of 250.degree. C. to 450.degree. C. and then contacted with a bed of sponge iron to remove at least a portion of the sulfur contaminants to form a sweet natural gas.
摘要翻译： 一种含有硫污染物的酸性天然气脱硫的方法，其中首先将天然气加热至250℃至450℃的温度，然后与海绵铁床接触以除去至少一部分 的硫污染物形成甜天然气。
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3.发明授权Method and apparatus for reducing iron-oxides-particles having a broad range of sizes 有权用于还原具有宽范围尺寸的铁氧化物颗粒的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6132489A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-17
申请号：US165985
申请日：1998-10-02
CPC分类号： C21B13/002 , C21B13/0033 , C22B5/14 , Y02P10/136
摘要： The present invention describes a method and apparatus for the reduction into metallic iron of iron-oxides-containing particles having a broad range of sizes. Particles, preferably within a broad range of sizes smaller than about 3.2 mm, are reduced by contact with a hot reducing gas, preferably mainly composed of hydrogen and within a temperature range of 700 to 750.degree. C. The reducing gas flows through a descending moving bed of coarser particles and forms an ascending fluidized bed of fines, all in a single reduction reactor, where the particles charged to the reactor are fed into the lower portion of the fluidized bed and the reduced fines are withdrawn from the reactor from the upper portion of the fluidized bed.
摘要翻译： 本发明描述了一种用于还原具有宽范围尺寸的含铁氧化物颗粒的金属铁的方法和装置。 优选在小于约3.2mm的宽范围内的颗粒通过与优选主要由氢组成的热还原气体在700-750℃的温度范围内接触而减少。还原气体流过下降的运动 床较粗的颗粒并形成细粒的上升流化床，全部在单个还原反应器中，其中装入反应器的颗粒进料到流化床的下部，并且还原的细粒从上部排出反应器 的流化床。
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4.发明授权Method and apparatus for reducing iron-oxides-particles having a broad range of sizes 有权用于还原具有宽范围尺寸的铁氧化物颗粒的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US06224649B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-01
申请号：US09270599
申请日：1999-03-17
IPC分类号： C21B1302
CPC分类号： C21B13/002 , C21B13/0033 , C21B2100/22 , C21B2100/44 , C21B2100/66 , C22B5/14 , Y02P10/136
摘要： Methods and apparatus for the reduction into metallic iron of iron-oxides-containing particles having a broad range of sizes. Particles, typically within a broad range of sizes of about 0.1 mm to about 50 mm, are reduced by contact with a hot reducing gas, preferably from a horizontal gas distributor which defines the bottom of the reduction zone by supplying a uniform upflow of gas mainly composed of hydrogen (and/or carbon monoxide) within a temperature range of 650° C. to 1050° C. and at a velocity of about 0.5-0.7 m/s to fluidize at least some of the particles of a size of about 1.0 mm or less (when present). The reducing gas flows upwardly through a descending moving bed of coarser particles and forms thereabove a fluidized bed of fines, all in a single chamber in a reduction reactor, where the particles charged to the reactor are fed into the fluidized bed, preferably at the lower portion thereof at or near the interface with the moving bed, and the lighter reduced fluidized fines are withdrawn from the reactor from the upper portion of the fluidized bed. The spent reducing gas from the reactor passes through at least one cyclone separator with the fines entrained therein being normally returned to the reactor or optionally being subjected to a lower velocity fluidization in a separate reduction chamber of the reactor.
摘要翻译： 用于还原成具有宽范围尺寸的含铁氧化物颗粒的金属铁的方法和装置。 通常在约0.1mm至约50mm的宽范围内的颗粒通过与热还原气体接触来减少，优选地，通过主要供应均匀的上流气体来限定还原区底部的水平气体分配器 在650℃至1050℃的温度范围内以约0.5-0.7m / s的速度由氢（和/或一氧化碳）组成，以使至少一些尺寸为约1.0的颗粒流化 mm以下（存在时）。 还原气体向上流过较粗颗粒的下降移动床，并在细粒流化床上方形成，全部在还原反应器中的单个室中，其中装入反应器的颗粒进料到流化床中，优选在较低温度 部分在与移动床的界面处或附近，并且较轻的还原的流化细粉从流化床的上部从反应器中排出。 来自反应器的废还原气体通过至少一个旋风分离器，其中夹带在其中的细粉通常返回到反应器或任选地在反应器的单独的还原室中进行较低速度的流化。
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公开(公告)号：US06395056B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-28
申请号：US09368378
申请日：1999-08-04
申请人： Juan A. Villarreal-Trevino , Jose María Eloy Aparicio-Arranz , Ricardo Viramontes-Brown , Juan Celada-Gonzalez , Raul Gerardo Quintero-Flores , Roberto Octaviano Flores-Serrano
发明人： Juan A. Villarreal-Trevino , Jose María Eloy Aparicio-Arranz , Ricardo Viramontes-Brown , Juan Celada-Gonzalez , Raul Gerardo Quintero-Flores , Roberto Octaviano Flores-Serrano
IPC分类号： C21B1314
CPC分类号： C21B13/0073 , C21B13/0033 , C21B13/029 , C21B2100/282 , C21B2100/64 , C21B2100/66 , Y02P10/122 , Y02P10/126 , Y02P10/136
摘要： A method and apparatus for the production of prereduced iron ore, DRI, sponge iron or the like by the gaseous reduction of iron-oxide containing particles in a reduction system which comprises a preheating device for the iron ore particles. The preheating device preserves the strength of the iron ore particles through the reduction system by preheating the particles with non-reducing (or preferably oxidizing) gas, whereby the DRI or like material produced is stronger than if it were processed in a reduction reactor without said preheating device. The invention thereby avoids sticking and fines production problems which some iron ores cause in the reduction reactor. The preheating device also produces other advantages in the reduction system as, for example, that the reducing gas reaches a higher degree of oxidation in the reduction reactor whereby the productivity of the reduction system increases as a result of the decreased amount of reducing gas as well as the decreased residence time required. A further advantage produced by the invention is that the recycled reducing gas can be preheated by heat-exchange with the gas stream effluent from the reduction reactor at a higher temperature as a result of the preheating of the iron ore particles.
摘要翻译： 一种用于通过在还原体系中气体还原含氧化铁的颗粒来生产预还原铁矿石，DRI，海绵铁等的方法和装置，其包括用于铁矿石颗粒的预热装置。 预热装置通过使用非还原（或优选氧化）气体预热颗粒，通过还原体系保持铁矿石颗粒的强度，由此产生的DRI或类似材料比在还原反应器中加工而不具有所述 预热装置 因此，本发明避免了还原反应器中一些铁矿石引起的粘附和细粉生产问题。 预热装置还在还原系统中产生其它优点，例如，还原气体在还原反应器中达到较高程度的氧化，由此还原系统的生产率由于还原气体的量的减少而增加 因为所需的停留时间减少。 本发明产生的另一个优点是可以通过与铁矿石颗粒的预热结果在更高的温度下与来自还原反应器的气流流出物进行热交换来再循环的还原气体。
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6.发明授权Method and apparatus for producing direct reduced iron with improved reducing gas utilization 有权用于生产直接还原铁的方法和装置，具有改善的还原气体利用率
公开(公告)号：US6027545A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-22
申请号：US252875
申请日：1999-02-18
IPC分类号： C21B13/02
CPC分类号： C21B13/02 , Y02P10/122 , Y02P10/126 , Y02P10/136 , Y02P10/212
摘要： A method and apparatus for producing DRI, prereduced materials, or the like, utilized in the steelmaking industry, where hydrogen contained in the gas stream purged from the reduction reactor is separated (preferably by means of a PSA system) and recycled to said reduction reactor. The productivity of the reduction plant is increased by using the separated hydrogen as a chemical reductant in the reactor, instead of using it as fuel. This is particularly useful in upgrading existing DRI production plants.
摘要翻译： 一种生产用于炼钢工业中的DRI，预还原材料等的方法和设备，其中从还原反应器中清除的气流中所含的氢（优选通过PSA系统）被分离并再循环到所述还原反应器 。 通过在反应器中使用分离的氢作为化学还原剂来提高还原装置的生产率，而不是将其用作燃料。 这对于升级现有的DRI生产工厂尤其有用。
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公开(公告)号：US5110350A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-05
申请号：US436307
申请日：1989-11-14
IPC分类号： C21B13/02
CPC分类号： C21B13/02 , Y02P10/122 , Y02P10/126 , Y02P10/136 , Y02P10/143 , Y02P10/265 , Y02P10/283
摘要： A process for the gaseous reduction of iron ore to sponge in a vertical shaft, moving bed reactor wherein a hot gaseous mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide generated by the internal steam reformation of gaseous hydrocarbon(s), preferably methane or natural gas, is used to reduce the ore without the need for any external catalytic reformer. A reducing gas recycle loop is established to which hydrocarbon and reclaimed waste hot water are fed in the proper proportions as the reducing gas make-up source with the sponge iron produced in the reduction reactor being used to catalyze hydrocarbon reformation, and with the carbon content of the recycled gas being maintained low by removing carbon dioxide therefrom. High overall process thermal efficiency and lowered operating and capital costs are achieved by establishing hot water (and optional steam) loops wherein all process hot water/steam requirements are met through the utilization of hot water discharge from the quench cooler and advantageously also the generation of steam by the reclamation of waste heat from spent hot reducing gas leaving the reactor, thereby eliminating the need for importing costly process steam and reducing the size needed for cooling towers and water treatment units.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在垂直轴中将铁矿石气态还原成海绵的方法，移动床反应器，其中使用通过气态烃（优选甲烷或天然气）的内部蒸汽重整产生的氢气和一氧化碳的热气体混合物 以减少矿石，而不需要任何外部催化重整器。 建立了一种还原气循环回路，其中烃和再生废热水以合适的比例供给，作为还原气体补给源，还原反应器中产生的海绵铁用于催化烃改性，并且碳含量 的再循环气体通过从其中除去二氧化碳而保持较低。 通过建立热水（和可选的蒸汽）回路来实现高整体工艺热效率和降低的运行和资本成本，其中通过利用来自骤冷冷却器的热水排放满足所有工艺热水/蒸汽要求，并且有利地也产生 通过从离开反应器的废热还原气体回收废热，从而无需进口昂贵的工艺蒸汽并减少冷却塔和水处理单元所需的尺寸。
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