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公开(公告)号：US4619265A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-28
申请号：US776391
申请日：1985-09-16
CPC分类号： A61N1/39 , A61N1/3925 , G09B23/288
摘要： A portable, interactive medical electronic device exemplified by a defibrillator. The device obtains information about a patient's condition, such as ECG and transthoracic impedance data, directly from the patient, and information pertinent to the treatment of the patient indirectly through an operator of the device, and produces a medically appropriate action such as a defibrillation shock in response. Indirect information is obtained through information processing means that includes means for prompting the operator of the device and means for receiving the operator's responses thereto. Prompts may include both questions and instructions, and in one embodiment the information processing means obtains the assent of the operator before causing the defibrillation shock. Indirect information may include information as to whether the patient is conscious, and as to whether or not cardiopulmonary resuscitation has been performed. The ECG and transthoracic impedance data may be collected through a common pair of electrodes. In one embodiment the device produces an indication that the ECG data is invalid if the transthoracic impedance data indicates excessive motion on the part of the patient. When a defibrillation shock is determined to be medically appropriate, a control signal is produced that causes the charging of an energy storage means and the subsequent discharging of such energy storage means through the patient without further operator intervention. The device also includes a tape recorder for allowing later analysis of the use of the device, and means for holding the tape recorder drive means in a disengaged position until the device is opened for use. The device also includes testing means for enabling a person to test the condition of the device without opening the case in which it is enclosed, means for producing and recording a distinctive sound when and if a defibrillation pulse is delivered, and means for allowing the electrodes to be quickly disconnected so that emergency personnel can conveniently use the electrodes with their own equipment.
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公开(公告)号：US4610254A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-09
申请号：US587439
申请日：1984-03-08
CPC分类号： A61N1/39 , A61N1/3925 , A61N1/3937 , G09B23/288
摘要： A portable, interactive medical electronic device exemplified by a defibrillator. The device obtains information about a patient's condition, such as ECG and transthoracic impedance data, directly from the patient, and information pertinent to the treatment of the patient indirectly through an operator of the device, and produces a medically appropriate action such as a defibrillation shock in response. Indirect information is obtained through information processing means that includes means for prompting the operator of the device and means for receiving the operator's responses thereto. Prompts may include both questions and instructions, and in one embodiment the information processing means obtains the assent of the operator before causing the defibrillation shock. Indirect information may include information as to whether the patient is conscious, and as to whether or not cardiopulmonary resuscitiation has been performed. The ECG and transthroacic impedance data may be collected through a common pair of electrodes. In one embodiment the device produces an indication that the ECG data is invalid if the transthoracic impedance data indicates excessive motion on the part of the patient. When a difibrillation shock is determined to be medically appropriate, a control signal is produced that causes the charging of an energy storage means and the subsequent discharging of such energy storage means through the patient without further operator intervention. The device also includes a tape recorder for allowing later analysis of the use of the device, and means for holding the tape recorder drive means in a disengaged position until the device is opened for use. The device also includes testing means for enabling a person to test the condition of the device without opening the case in which it is enclosed, means for producing and recording a distinctive sound when and if a defibrillation pulse is delivered, and means for allowing the electrodes to be quickly disconnected so that emergency personnel can conveniently use the electrodes with their own equipment.
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3.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06694193B2
公开(公告)日：2004-02-17
申请号：US09954750
申请日：2001-09-14
申请人： Thomas D. Lyster , Thomas Solosko , Carlton B. Morgan , Kim J. Hansen , Daniel J. Powers , Hans Patrick Griesser , Eric L. Jonsen , David E. Snyder
发明人： Thomas D. Lyster , Thomas Solosko , Carlton B. Morgan , Kim J. Hansen , Daniel J. Powers , Hans Patrick Griesser , Eric L. Jonsen , David E. Snyder
IPC分类号： A61N104
CPC分类号： A61N1/0492 , A61N1/046 , A61N1/08 , A61N1/3925 , A61N2001/37294
摘要： An electrode includes a conductive adhesive layer and a conductive foil layer having a void therein. One such electrode may be mounted in conjunction with another electrode upon a release liner having one or more openings therein to facilitate electrical signal exchange between electrodes. A release liner may include a moisture permeable and/or moisture absorbent membrane. A release liner may alternatively include a conductive backing layer. A release liner may also include an insulating swatch covering an opening. A release liner may be implemented as a foldable sheet, such that multiple electrodes may be mounted upon the same side of the foldable sheet. A medical device to which the mounted electrodes are coupled may characterize the electrical path between the electrodes. The medical device may perform a variety of electrical measurements, including real and/or complex impedance measurements. Based upon one or more measurements, the medical device may provide an indication of electrode condition, fitness for use, and/or an estimated remaining lifetime. An electrode condition indicator, which may form a portion of the medical device, may generate, present, or display electrode condition and/or estimated remaining lifetime information via a visual metaphor, such as a fuel gauge.
摘要翻译： 电极包括导电粘合剂层和在其中具有空隙的导电箔层。 一个这样的电极可以与另一电极结合安装在其上具有一个或多个开口的释放衬垫上以便于电极之间的电信号交换。 剥离衬垫可以包括透湿和/或吸湿膜。 替代地，剥离衬垫可以包括导电背衬层。 剥离衬垫还可以包括覆盖开口的绝缘样本。 剥离衬垫可以实现为可折叠片材，使得多个电极可以安装在可折叠片材的同一侧上。 安装的电极被耦合到的医疗装置可以表征电极之间的电路径。 医疗设备可以执行各种电测量，包括实际和/或复阻抗测量。 基于一个或多个测量，医疗设备可以提供电极状态，使用适应性和/或估计的剩余寿命的指示。 可以形成医疗装置的一部分的电极条件指示器可以经由诸如电量计的视觉比喻来生成，呈现或显示电极条件和/或估计的剩余寿命信息。
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公开(公告)号：US06671547B2
公开(公告)日：2003-12-30
申请号：US09879057
申请日：2001-06-13
IPC分类号： A61N139
CPC分类号： A61N1/3925
摘要： An electrotherapy device including at least one sensor operable to sense at least one physiological parameter of a patient. A controller is operably connected to the at least one sensor operable to receive signals from the at least one sensor corresponding to the at least one physiological parameter. Memory is operable to store computer-programming code executed by the controller. The programming code includes decision-making criteria operable to adapt a patient treatment in response changes to the detected at least one physiological parameter. At least one pair of electrodes is operably connected to the controller and operable to administer the treatment to the patient.
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公开(公告)号：US5593427A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-14
申请号：US601617
申请日：1996-02-14
IPC分类号： A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3937 , A61N1/3906 , A61N1/3912
摘要： This invention provides an external defibrillator and defibrillation method that automatically compensates for patient-to-patient impedance differences in the delivery of electrotherapeutic pulses for defibrillation and cardioversion. In a preferred embodiment, the defibrillator has an energy source that may be discharged through electrodes on the patient to provide a biphasic voltage or current pulse. In one aspect of the invention, the first and second phase duration and initial first phase amplitude are predetermined values. In a second aspect of the invention, the duration of the first phase of the pulse may be extended if the amplitude of the first phase of the pulse fails to fall to a threshold value by the end of the predetermined first phase duration, as might occur with a high impedance patient. In a third aspect of the invention, the first phase ends when the first phase amplitude drops below a threshold value or when the first phase duration reaches a threshold time value, whichever comes first, as might occur with a low to average impedance patient. This method and apparatus of altering the delivered biphasic pulse thereby compensates for patient impedance differences by changing the nature of the delivered electrotherapeutic pulse, resulting in a smaller, more efficient and less expensive defibrillator.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种外部除颤器和除颤方法，其自动补偿用于除颤和心脏复律的电疗脉冲递送中的患者对患者的阻抗差异。 在优选实施例中，除颤器具有能够通过患者身上的电极排出的能量源，以提供双相电压或电流脉冲。 在本发明的一个方面，第一和第二相位持续时间和初始第一相位振幅是预定值。 在本发明的第二方面中，如果在预定的第一相位持续时间结束时脉冲的第一相位的幅度不能下降到阈值，则脉冲的第一相位的持续时间可能会延长 与高阻抗患者。 在本发明的第三方面中，当第一相位幅度下降到低于阈值时或当第一相位持续时间达到阈值时间值（以先到者为准）时，第一相位结束，如同低平均阻抗患者可能发生的那样。 改变输送的双相脉冲的这种方法和装置由此通过改变递送的电疗脉冲的性质来补偿患者的阻抗差异，导致更小，更有效和更便宜的除颤器。
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公开(公告)号：US07062321B2
公开(公告)日：2006-06-13
申请号：US09954574
申请日：2001-09-14
IPC分类号： A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/046 , A61N1/0492 , A61N1/39 , A61N1/3912
摘要： A defibrillation system for patients of all ages may include an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) coupled to a set of universal electrodes. Universal electrodes may be reduced-size versions of adult electrodes, and may include an opening to lower effective impedance. The AED may include an adult/pediatric mode control or switch. Based upon the setting of the adult/pediatric switch, the AED may perform an adult defibrillation sequence or a pediatric defibrillation sequence. An adult defibrillation sequence may comprise delivery of one or more waveforms or shocks characterized by energies appropriate for adults, for example, 150 Joule biphasic waveforms. A pediatric defibrillation sequence may comprise delivery of one or more waveforms characterized by energies appropriate for children, for example, 50 Joule biphasic waveforms. Another pediatric defibrillation sequence may comprise delivery of an escalating low-energy shock sequence to a patient, such as a 25 to 50 Joule shock, followed by a 65 to 75 Joule shock as necessary, followed by one or more 100 Joule shocks as necessary.
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公开(公告)号：US5749905A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-12
申请号：US691755
申请日：1996-08-02
IPC分类号： A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3937 , A61N1/3906 , A61N1/3912
摘要： This invention provides an external defibrillator and defibrillation method that automatically compensates for patient-to-patient impedance differences in the delivery of electrotherapeutic pulses for defibrillation and cardioversion. In a preferred embodiment, the defibrillator has an energy source that may be discharged through electrodes on the patient to provide a biphasic voltage or current pulse. In one aspect of the invention, the first and second phase duration and initial first phase amplitude are predetermined values. In a second aspect of the invention, the duration of the first phase of the pulse may be extended if the amplitude of the first phase of the pulse fails to fall to a threshold value by the end of the predetermined first phase duration, as might occur with a high impedance patient. In a third aspect of the invention, the first phase ends when the first phase amplitude drops below a threshold value or when the first phase duration reaches a threshold time value, whichever comes first, as might occur with a low to average impedance patient. This method and apparatus of altering the delivered biphasic pulse thereby compensates for patient impedance differences by changing the nature of the delivered electrotherapeutic pulse, resulting in a smaller, more efficient and less expensive defibrillator.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种外部除颤器和除颤方法，其自动补偿用于除颤和心脏复律的电疗脉冲递送中的患者对患者的阻抗差异。 在优选实施例中，除颤器具有能够通过患者身上的电极排出的能量源，以提供双相电压或电流脉冲。 在本发明的一个方面，第一和第二相位持续时间和初始第一相位振幅是预定值。 在本发明的第二方面中，如果脉冲的第一相位的幅度在预定的第一相位持续时间结束时不能下降到阈值，则脉冲的第一相位的持续时间可能会延长 与高阻抗患者。 在本发明的第三方面中，当第一相位幅度下降到低于阈值时或当第一相位持续时间达到阈值时间值（以先到者为准）时，第一相位结束，如同低平均阻抗患者可能发生的那样。 改变输送的双相脉冲的这种方法和装置由此通过改变递送的电疗脉冲的性质来补偿患者的阻抗差异，导致更小，更有效和更便宜的除颤器。
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公开(公告)号：US5749904A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-12
申请号：US690529
申请日：1996-07-31
IPC分类号： A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3937 , A61N1/3906 , A61N1/3912
摘要： The invention provides a method for delivering electrotherapy to a patient through electrodes connected to a plurality of capacitors, including the steps of discharging at least one of the capacitors across the electrodes to deliver electrical energy to the patient, monitoring a patient-dependent electrical parameter (such as voltage, current or charge) during the discharging step, and adjusting energy delivered to the patient based on a value of the electrical parameter. The adjusting step may include selecting a serial or parallel arrangement for the capacitors based on a value of the electrical parameter. In another embodiment, the invention provides a method for delivering electrotherapy to a patient through electrodes connectable to a plurality of capacitors including the steps of discharging at least one of the capacitors across the electrodes to deliver electrical energy to the patient in a waveform having at least a first phase and a second phase, monitoring a patient-dependent electrical parameter (such as voltage, current or charge) during the discharging step, and modifying second phase initial voltage based on a value of the electrical parameter. The adjusting step may include selecting a serial or a parallel arrangement for the capacitors based on a value of the electrical parameter.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种通过连接到多个电容器的电极向患者传送电疗的方法，包括以下步骤：将电极中的至少一个放电到电极以将电能传递给患者，监测患者依赖的电参数（ 例如电压，电流或电荷），以及基于电参数的值来调节递送给患者的能量。 调整步骤可以包括基于电参数的值来选择用于电容器的串行或并行布置。 在另一个实施例中，本发明提供了一种通过可连接到多个电容器的电极向患者传送电疗的方法，包括以下步骤：跨过电极放电电容器中的至少一个电容器，以至少具有至少一个波形的电波 第一阶段和第二阶段，在放电步骤期间监测与患者相关的电参数（例如电压，电流或电荷），以及基于电参数的值修改第二相初始电压。 调整步骤可以包括基于电参数的值来选择用于电容器的串行或并行布置。
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公开(公告)号：US5620470A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-15
申请号：US653386
申请日：1996-05-24
IPC分类号： A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3937 , A61N1/3906 , A61N1/3912
摘要： This invention provides an external defibrillator and defibrillation method that automatically compensates for patient-to-patient impedance differences in the delivery of electrotherapeutic pulses for defibrillation and cardioversion. In a preferred embodiment, the defibrillator has an energy source that may be discharged through electrodes on the patient to provide a biphasic voltage or current pulse. In one aspect of the invention, the first and second phase duration and initial first phase amplitude are predetermined values. In a second aspect of the invention, the duration of the first phase of the pulse may be extended if the amplitude of the first phase of the pulse fails to fall to a threshold value by the end of the predetermined first phase duration, as might occur with a high impedance patient. In a third aspect of the invention, the first phase ends when the first phase amplitude drops below a threshold value or when the first phase duration reaches a threshold time value, whichever comes first, as might occur with a low to average impedance patient. This method and apparatus of altering the delivered biphasic pulse thereby compensates for patient impedance differences by changing the nature of the delivered electrotherapeutic pulse, resulting in a smaller, more efficient and less expensive defibrillator.
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公开(公告)号：US06241751B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-05
申请号：US09299455
申请日：1999-04-22
IPC分类号： A61N139
CPC分类号： A61N1/3943 , A61N1/39
摘要： A defibrillator having an energy storage capacitor network with multiple configurations selected according to patient impedance and desired energy level for delivery of an impedance-compensated defibrillation pulse is provided. The set of configurations may include series, parallel, and series/parallel combinations of energy storage capacitors within the energy storage capacitor network. The impedance-compensated defibrillation pulse may be delivered over an expanded range of energy levels while limiting the peak current to levels that are safe for the patient using configurations tailored for lower impedance patients and limiting the range of defibrillation pulse durations and providing adequate current levels for higher impedance patients. Configurations of the energy storage capacitor network may be readily added to extend the range of energy levels well above 200 joules.
摘要翻译： 提供一种除颤器，其具有根据患者阻抗选择的多种配置的能量存储电容器网络和用于递送阻抗补偿除颤脉冲的期望能量水平。 该组配置可以包括能量存储电容器网络内的能量存储电容器的串联，并联和串联/并联组合。 阻抗补偿的除颤脉冲可以在能量水平的扩展范围内递送，同时将峰值电流限制到对于患者使用适合于较低阻抗患者的配置的安全性的水平，并且限制除颤脉冲持续时间的范围并提供足够的电流水平 阻力较高的患者。 可以容易地添加能量存储电容器网络的配置以扩展远高于200焦耳的能量范围。
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