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公开(公告)号：US06374137B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-16
申请号：US09417269
申请日：1999-10-13
IPC分类号： A61N139
CPC分类号： A61N1/3937 , A61N1/3931
摘要： An energy reduction unit is removably connectable to an external defibrillator to reduce the defibrillation energy delivered by the defibrillator to a patient. Use of the energy reduction unit is particularly suited to defibrillating pediatric patients (infants and children under 8) with an automatic or semi-automatic external defibrillator (AED). In one embodiment, the energy reduction unit includes an attenuator which partially dissipates energy produced by the AED. The attenuator is advantageously designed to present an impedance to the AED which, when connected to the patient, is approximately equal to the patient's impedance. The energy reduction unit may include a presence-detect function which enables the defibrillator to modify analysis of ECG signals to account for differences heart rhythms of pediatric and adult patients. In a second embodiment, the energy reduction unit includes an energy control modifier circuit which affects the charging operations performed internal to the AED. Other than being attached to the defibrillation equipment, the energy reduction unit does not otherwise change how an operator uses the equipment.
摘要翻译： 能量减少单元可拆卸地连接到外部除颤器，以减少除颤器向患者传递的除颤能量。 能量减少装置的使用特别适用于使用自动或半自动外部除颤器（AED）除纤维化的儿科患者（8岁以下的婴儿和8岁以下的儿童）。 在一个实施例中，能量减少单元包括部分耗散由AED产生的能量的衰减器。 衰减器有利地被设计成向AED呈现阻抗，其在连接到患者时大致等于患者的阻抗。 能量减少单元可以包括存在检测功能，其使除颤器能够修改ECG信号的分析，以解决儿科和成人患者的心律的差异。 在第二实施例中，能量减少单元包括影响在AED内部执行的充电操作的能量控制修正器电路。 除了附着到除颤设备之外，能量减少单元不会改变操作者如何使用设备。
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2.发明授权Apparatus and method for delivering a low energy therapeutic pulse to a patient 有权用于将低能量治疗脉冲递送给患者的装置和方法公开(公告)号：US06353758B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-05
申请号：US09408013
申请日：1999-09-29
IPC分类号： A61N139
CPC分类号： A61N1/39 , A61N1/3906
摘要： An electrotherapy method; and an apparatus for delivering electrotherapy to a patient. In particular, a method and apparatus for delivering a lower energy, therapeutically effective electrical waveform to a patient through a defibrillator. The method employed to lower the energy of the waveform can be applied to both internal defibrillators and external defibrillators. Further the method can be applied to any waveform, including monophasic, biphasic or multiphasic. Various custom shapes for a defibrillation waveform can be achieved by adjusting the rate at which the energy is duty cycled throughout any or all phases of the waveform.
摘要翻译： 电疗方法; 以及用于向患者递送电疗的装置。 特别地，一种用于通过去纤颤器将较低能量，治疗有效的电波形传递给患者的方法和装置。 用于降低波形能量的方法可以应用于内部除颤器和外部去纤颤器两者。 此外，该方法可以应用于任何波形，包括单相，双相或多相。 除颤波形的各种定制形状可以通过调整能量在波形的任何或所有相位循环的速率来实现。
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公开(公告)号：US06347248B1
公开(公告)日：2002-02-12
申请号：US09687839
申请日：2000-10-13
申请人： Bradford E. Gliner
发明人： Bradford E. Gliner
IPC分类号： A61N136
CPC分类号： A61N1/3937
摘要： An electrotherapy apparatus, such as a defibrillator, includes a connecting mechanism coupled between an energy source and electrodes. The connecting mechanism allows selective coupling of the energy source to the electrodes. The energy source includes a capacitor and a high voltage power supply for charging the capacitor. The electrotherapy apparatus further includes a waveform measuring device for measuring a patient ECG waveform. The electrotherapy apparatus also includes a controller coupled to the connecting mechanism, the energy source, and the waveform measuring device. The controller actuates the connecting mechanism to deliver a bi-phasic waveform to the patient. In addition, the controller analyzes the ECG waveform to detect when the patient is experiencing either course arrhythmia or fine arrhythmia. The detection of course arrhythmia or fine arrhythmia can be done by comparing the amplitude of the ECG waveform to a predetermined amplitude value, by comparing the power spectrum of the ECG waveform to a predetermined frequency value, by measuring the duration of the arrhythmia, or by measuring some combination of these ECG waveform characteristics. Based upon whether the patient is experiencing course arrhythmia or fine arrhythmia, the controller adjusts the amplitude and/or duration of the bi-phasic waveform applied to the patient to optimize the likelihood of defibrillation.
摘要翻译： 诸如除颤器的电疗设备包括连接在能量源和电极之间的连接机构。 连接机构允许能量源与电极的选择性耦合。 能量源包括用于对电容器充电的电容器和高压电源。 电疗装置还包括用于测量患者ECG波形的波形测量装置。 电疗装置还包括耦合到连接机构，能量源和波形测量装置的控制器。 控制器致动连接机构以向患者传递双相波形。 此外，控制器分析ECG波形以检测患者何时经历过程心律失常或精神心律失常。 通过将ECG波形的功率谱与预定的频率值进行比较，可以通过将ECG波形的振幅与预定的振幅值进行比较，通过测量心律失常的持续时间，或者通过 测量这些ECG波形特征的一些组合。 基于患者是否正在经历心律失常或精神心律失常，控制器调整施加到患者的两相波形的幅度和/或持续时间，以优化除颤的可能性。
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公开(公告)号：US5593427A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-14
申请号：US601617
申请日：1996-02-14
IPC分类号： A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3937 , A61N1/3906 , A61N1/3912
摘要： This invention provides an external defibrillator and defibrillation method that automatically compensates for patient-to-patient impedance differences in the delivery of electrotherapeutic pulses for defibrillation and cardioversion. In a preferred embodiment, the defibrillator has an energy source that may be discharged through electrodes on the patient to provide a biphasic voltage or current pulse. In one aspect of the invention, the first and second phase duration and initial first phase amplitude are predetermined values. In a second aspect of the invention, the duration of the first phase of the pulse may be extended if the amplitude of the first phase of the pulse fails to fall to a threshold value by the end of the predetermined first phase duration, as might occur with a high impedance patient. In a third aspect of the invention, the first phase ends when the first phase amplitude drops below a threshold value or when the first phase duration reaches a threshold time value, whichever comes first, as might occur with a low to average impedance patient. This method and apparatus of altering the delivered biphasic pulse thereby compensates for patient impedance differences by changing the nature of the delivered electrotherapeutic pulse, resulting in a smaller, more efficient and less expensive defibrillator.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种外部除颤器和除颤方法，其自动补偿用于除颤和心脏复律的电疗脉冲递送中的患者对患者的阻抗差异。 在优选实施例中，除颤器具有能够通过患者身上的电极排出的能量源，以提供双相电压或电流脉冲。 在本发明的一个方面，第一和第二相位持续时间和初始第一相位振幅是预定值。 在本发明的第二方面中，如果在预定的第一相位持续时间结束时脉冲的第一相位的幅度不能下降到阈值，则脉冲的第一相位的持续时间可能会延长 与高阻抗患者。 在本发明的第三方面中，当第一相位幅度下降到低于阈值时或当第一相位持续时间达到阈值时间值（以先到者为准）时，第一相位结束，如同低平均阻抗患者可能发生的那样。 改变输送的双相脉冲的这种方法和装置由此通过改变递送的电疗脉冲的性质来补偿患者的阻抗差异，导致更小，更有效和更便宜的除颤器。
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5.发明授权Systems and methods for applying signals, including contralesional signals, to neural populations 有权将信号（包括对数信号）应用于神经群体的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US08926676B2
公开(公告)日：2015-01-06
申请号：US11697696
申请日：2007-04-06
IPC分类号： A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36171 , A61N1/36082 , A61N1/36103 , A61N1/3615
摘要： Systems and methods for applying signals, including contralesional electromagnetic signals, to neural populations, are disclosed. A particular method can be directed to treating a patient having a subject neural population in a first (e.g., ipsilesional) hemisphere of the brain, with the subject neural population having, or previously having, a functionality capable of being improved. The method can include directing an application of electromagnetic signals at least proximate to a target neural population at a second (e.g., contralesional) hemisphere of the brain to at least constrain a functionality of the target neural population, which has transcallosal communication with the first hemisphere.
摘要翻译： 公开了将信号（包括对数电磁信号）应用于神经群体的系统和方法。 具体方法可以涉及在脑的第一（例如ipsilesional）半球中治疗具有受试者神经群体的患者，其中受试者神经群体具有或预先具有能够改善的功能。 该方法可以包括将电磁信号的应用引导至少接近于大脑的第二（例如，对照）半球处的目标神经群体，以至少约束目标神经群体的功能，该目标神经群体与第一半球具有蜕皮通讯 。
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6.发明授权Electromagnetic signal delivery for tissue affected by neuronal dysfunction, degradation, damage, and/or necrosis, and associated systems and methods 有权由神经元功能障碍，降解，损伤和/或坏死影响的组织的电磁信号传递，以及相关的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US07949401B2
公开(公告)日：2011-05-24
申请号：US11697694
申请日：2007-04-06
申请人： Brad Fowler , Bradford E. Gliner , David Himes
发明人： Brad Fowler , Bradford E. Gliner , David Himes
IPC分类号： A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N2/006 , A61N1/36017 , A61N1/36025 , A61N1/36082
摘要： Electromagnetic signal delivery for tissue affected by neuronal dysfunction, degradation, damage, and/or necrosis, and associated systems and methods are disclosed. A method in accordance with one embodiment of the invention includes identifying an affected region, with the affected region including neuronal tissue that, at least during a pre-dysfunctional period, was in neural communication with neuronal tissue in a dysfunctional region. The affected tissue can be functionally adversely affected by neuronal dysfunction in the dysfunctional region. The method can further include applying electromagnetic signals to the neuronal tissue in the affected region. For example, the electromagnetic signals can be applied to a hypo-active neural region that is not physically damaged, and has been identified as likely to recover at least in part as a result of electromagnetic signals. Signals can be applied at sub-threshold levels to cortical and/or subcortical regions.
摘要翻译： 公开了由神经元功能障碍，降解，损伤和/或坏死以及相关系统和方法影响的组织的电磁信号传递。 根据本发明的一个实施例的方法包括识别受影响的区域，其中受影响区域包括神经元组织，至少在功能失调之前期间，与功能障碍区域中的神经元组织进行神经交流。 受影响的组织可能在功能障碍区域的神经元功能障碍中受功能不良的影响。 该方法还可以包括将电磁信号应用于受影响区域中的神经元组织。 例如，电磁信号可以应用于没有物理损坏的低活性神经区域，并且已被鉴定为可能至少部分地由于电磁信号而恢复。 信号可以在亚阈值水平应用于皮层和/或皮质下区域。
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7.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07010351B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-07
申请号：US09802808
申请日：2001-03-08
IPC分类号： A61N1/18
CPC分类号： A61N1/375 , A61N1/0531 , A61N1/0534 , A61N1/0539 , A61N1/36017 , A61N1/36025 , A61N1/36082 , A61N1/36103 , A61N1/3756
摘要： The following disclosure describes several methods and apparatus for intracranial electrical stimulation to treat or otherwise effectuate a change in neural-functions of a patient. Several embodiments of methods in accordance with the invention are directed toward enhancing or otherwise inducing a lasting change in neural activity to effectuate a particular neural-function. Such lasting change in neural activity is defined as “neuroplasticity.” The methods in accordance with the invention can be used to treat brain damage (e.g., stroke, trauma, etc.), brain disease (e.g., Alzheimer's, Pick's, Parkinson's, etc.), and/or brain disorders (e.g., epilepsy, depression, etc.). The methods in accordance with the invention can also be used to enhance neural-function of normal, healthy brains (e.g., learning, memory, etc.), or to control sensory functions (e.g., pain). Certain embodiments of methods in accordance with the invention electrically stimulate the brain at a stimulation site where neuroplasticity is occurring. The stimulation site may be different than the region in the brain where neural activity is typically present to perform the particular neural function according to the functional organization of the brain. In one embodiment in which neuroplasticity related to the neural-function occurs in the brain, the method can include identifying the location where such neuroplasticity is present. In an alternative embodiment in which neuroplasticity is not occurring in the brain, an alternative aspect is to induce neuroplasticity at a stimulation site where it is expected to occur. Several embodiments of these methods that are expected to produce a lasting effect on the intended neural activity at the stimulation site use electrical pulses that increase the resting membrane potential of neurons at the stimulation site to a subthreshold level.
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8.发明授权Systems and methods for facilitating and/or effectuating development, rehabilitation, restoration, and/or recovery of visual function through neural stimulation 失效通过神经刺激促进和/或实现视觉功能的发展，康复，恢复和/或恢复的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US06990377B2
公开(公告)日：2006-01-24
申请号：US10832477
申请日：2004-04-26
IPC分类号： A61N1/10
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0531 , A61N1/0534 , A61N1/36103
摘要： System and methods for effectuating and/or facilitating visual function in a patient. One embodiment of a system comprises a neural stimulation system and a visual training system. The neural stimulation system can include a pulse generator and a stimulus delivery device coupled to the pulse generator. The stimulus delivery device is configured to deliver a stimulus to the brain of the patient. The visual training system can include a computer and a display coupled to the computer. The computer has a computer operable medium containing instructions to provide a visual output to the patient via the display.
摘要翻译： 用于实现和/或促进患者视觉功能的系统和方法。 系统的一个实施例包括神经刺激系统和视觉训练系统。 神经刺激系统可以包括脉冲发生器和耦合到脉冲发生器的刺激输送装置。 刺激递送装置被配置成向患者的大脑递送刺激。 视觉训练系统可以包括计算机和耦合到计算机的显示器。 计算机具有计算机可操作介质，其包含经由显示器向患者提供视觉输出的指令。
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公开(公告)号：US06671547B2
公开(公告)日：2003-12-30
申请号：US09879057
申请日：2001-06-13
IPC分类号： A61N139
CPC分类号： A61N1/3925
摘要： An electrotherapy device including at least one sensor operable to sense at least one physiological parameter of a patient. A controller is operably connected to the at least one sensor operable to receive signals from the at least one sensor corresponding to the at least one physiological parameter. Memory is operable to store computer-programming code executed by the controller. The programming code includes decision-making criteria operable to adapt a patient treatment in response changes to the detected at least one physiological parameter. At least one pair of electrodes is operably connected to the controller and operable to administer the treatment to the patient.
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10.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06208898B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-27
申请号：US09277381
申请日：1999-03-25
IPC分类号： A61N139
CPC分类号： A61N1/3943
摘要： An electrotherapy apparatus performs a low level impedance measurement upon the patient to determine the initial charge level on the capacitor used to deliver an electrotherapy waveform to the patient. In addition, the waveform applied to the patient is dynamically controlled to compensate for patient impedance variability. Determining the initial charge level in this manner prevents unnecessarily high peak currents from flowing in low impedance patients while maintaining peak current in high impedance patients at therapeutically beneficial levels. The electrotherapy apparatus includes a measuring device used for measuring a parameter related to the impedance of the patient. The parameter is used for determining low level patient impedance. The measuring device provides a voltage output used by a controller for determining the initial charge level of the capacitor. A first embodiment of a first electrotherapy apparatus includes four electronic switches to deliver a bi-phasic waveform to the patient. The first embodiment of the first electrotherapy apparatus further includes a comparator coupled to a timer to monitor the voltage across the capacitor and control the termination or extension of the waveform applied to the patient. A first embodiment of a second electrotherapy apparatus measures the charge delivered to the patient and sets the time of the first phase of the bi-phasic pulse based upon the time required to deliver a predetermined amount of charge to the patient.
摘要翻译： 电疗设备对患者执行低电平阻抗测量以确定用于向患者传送电疗波形的电容器上的初始电荷水平。 此外，动态地控制施加到患者的波形，以补偿患者的阻抗变异性。 以这种方式确定初始电荷水平可以防止不必要的高峰值电流在低阻抗患者中流动，同时在治疗有益水平的高阻抗患者中保持峰值电流。 电疗装置包括用于测量与患者阻抗相关的参数的测量装置。 该参数用于确定低水平的患者阻抗。 测量装置提供用于确定电容器的初始充电电平的控制器使用的电压输出。 第一电疗设备的第一实施例包括四个电子开关，用于向病人传送双相波形。 第一电疗装置的第一实施例还包括耦合到定时器的比较器，以监测电容器两端的电压并控制施加到患者的波形的终止或延长。 第二电疗装置的第一实施例测量递送给患者的电荷，并且基于将预定量的电荷递送给患者所需的时间来设定双相脉冲的第一阶段的时间。
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