公开(公告)号：US4824622A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-25

申请号：US207924

申请日：1988-06-13

申请人： Christopher R. Kennedy ,  Marc S. Newkirk

发明人： Christopher R. Kennedy ,  Marc S. Newkirk

IPC分类号： C04B35/10 ,  C04B35/622 ,  C04B35/65 ,  C22C29/12 ,  C04B33/32 ,  C04B35/60

CPC分类号： C04B35/652

摘要： The present invention provides a method for producing a self-supporting ceramic composite by the oxidation of a parent metal to form a polycrystalline ceramic material consisting essentially of the oxidation reaction product of the parent metal with an oxidant, including a vapor-phase oxidant, and, optionally, one or more metallic constituents. A permeable filler material, such as a preform, with at least one surface bearing a permeable stratum, is contacted with a body of molten parent metal heated to a temperature above its melting point but below the melting point of the oxidation reaction product. At least a portion of the oxidation reaction product is maintained in contact with and between the molten metal and oxidant to transport the molten metal through the oxidation reaction product toward the permeable stratum and into contact with the oxidant so that the oxidation reaction product continues to form at the interface between the oxidant and previously formed oxidation reaction product that has infiltrated the filler material. The reaction is continued to infiltrate at least a portion of the stratum with the oxidation reaction product and to produce an intermediate ceramic body having an adjacent ceramic composite overlaid with a ceramic stratum. The ceramic stratum is removed from the underlying ceramic composite to produce a self-supporting ceramic composite having the surface established by the permeable stratum.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种通过母体金属的氧化制备自支撑陶瓷复合材料的方法，以形成主要由母体金属与氧化剂的氧化反应产物组成的多晶陶瓷材料，包括气相氧化剂，和 ，任选地，一种或多种金属成分。 具有至少一个具有可渗透层的表面的可渗透填料，例如预制件，与加热至高于其熔点但低于氧化反应产物熔点的熔融母体金属体接触。 氧化反应产物的至少一部分保持与熔融金属和氧化剂接触并且在熔融金属和氧化剂之间输送熔融金属通过氧化反应产物朝向可渗透层并与氧化剂接触，使得氧化反应产物继续形成 在氧化剂和预先形成的渗透了填料的氧化反应产物之间的界面处。 反应继续用氧化反应产物渗入至少一部分层，并产生具有覆盖在陶瓷层上的相邻陶瓷复合体的中间陶瓷体。 从下面的陶瓷复合材料中去除陶瓷层，以产生具有由可渗透层建立的表面的自支撑陶瓷复合材料。

公开(公告)号：US4792468A

公开(公告)日：1988-12-20

申请号：US803782

申请日：1985-12-02

申请人： Pierre Robyn ,  L/e/ on-Philippe Mottet ,  Pierre Deschepper

发明人： Pierre Robyn ,  L/e/ on-Philippe Mottet ,  Pierre Deschepper

IPC分类号： C04B35/65 ,  C04B35/66 ,  F27D1/16 ,  C04B35/02 ,  C04B35/60 ,  C04B35/62

CPC分类号： C04B35/6303 ,  C04B35/651 ,  C04B35/66 ,  F27D1/1647 ,  C04B2111/00155 ,  C04B2111/72

摘要： A process of forming a refractory mass on a surface, which process includes spraying against that surface a mixture of refractory particles and oxidisable particles which react exothermically with oxygen to generate sufficient heat to soften or melt at least the surfaces of the refractory particles and so bring about formation of said refractory mass, and causing the sprayed mixture to be heated sufficiently to cause the oxidisable particles to undergo such exothermic reaction, the granulometry of the particles which are sprayed in the mixture being such that the mean of the 80% and 20% grain sizes of the refractory particles is greater than the mean of the 80% and 20% grain sizes of the oxidisable particles and that the size range spread factor of the refractory particles is at least 1.2.

摘要翻译： 一种在表面上形成耐火材料块的方法，该方法包括向耐火材料颗粒和可氧化颗粒的混合物喷射耐热颗粒，该氧化性颗粒与氧气放热反应以产生足够的热量来软化或熔化至少耐火材料颗粒的表面，因此带来 关于形成所述耐火材料块，并且使喷射的混合物被充分加热以使可氧化颗粒发生这种放热反应，喷射在混合物中的颗粒的粒度使得80％和20％ 难熔颗粒的粒度大于可氧化颗粒的80％和20％晶粒尺寸的平均值，耐火颗粒的尺寸范围扩展系数至少为1.2。

公开(公告)号：US4786448A

公开(公告)日：1988-11-22

申请号：US901052

申请日：1986-08-27

申请人： Mikio Fukuhara ,  Yuji Katsumura ,  Akira Fukawa ,  Mutsuo Asakawa ,  Tomio Urushihata ,  Isao Miyakawa ,  Kazuhiro Sawada

发明人： Mikio Fukuhara ,  Yuji Katsumura ,  Akira Fukawa ,  Mutsuo Asakawa ,  Tomio Urushihata ,  Isao Miyakawa ,  Kazuhiro Sawada

IPC分类号： C04B35/111 ,  C04B35/581 ,  C04B35/645 ,  C04B35/60

CPC分类号： C04B35/645 ,  C04B35/111 ,  C04B35/581

摘要： There are disclosed a plastic processing method of the pressure of pressureless sintered ceramic body composed of at least one aluminum-containing compound selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride and aluminum oxynitride and at least one hard compound selected from the group consisting of carbides, nitrides and oxides of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and silicon and mutual solid solutions thereof, the content of said at least one aluminum-containing compound is 5 to 95% by volume, comprising subjecting the ceramic body to plastic deformation at a temperature of 1300.degree. C. or higher, under a stress of 15 kg/mm.sup.2 or smaller and at a strain rate of 10.sup.-3 /sec or less in a reducing atmosphere or in vacuum, and a ceramics-made molded material comprising a composite ceramic body composed of the same as mentioned above.

摘要翻译： 公开了由至少一种选自氧化铝，氮化铝和氮氧化铝的至少一种含铝化合物和至少一种选自以下的硬化合物组成的无压烧结陶瓷体的压力的塑性加工方法： 钛，锆，铪，钒，铌，钽，铬，钼，钨和硅及其相互固溶体的碳化物，氮化物和氧化物，所述至少一种含铝化合物的含量为5〜95体积％ 包括在还原气氛或真空中，在15℃/ mm 2以下的应力和10 -3 /秒以下的应变速率下，使陶瓷体在1300℃以上的温度下进行塑性变形， 以及包含与上述相同的复合陶瓷体的陶瓷成型体。

公开(公告)号：US4518548A

公开(公告)日：1985-05-21

申请号：US490345

申请日：1983-05-02

申请人： Roger L. Yarbrough

发明人： Roger L. Yarbrough

IPC分类号： C04B28/36 ,  C04B41/52 ,  C04B41/70 ,  B28B1/54 ,  C04B35/60

CPC分类号： C04B41/009 ,  C04B28/36 ,  C04B41/52 ,  C04B41/70 ,  Y10S264/32

摘要： A method of overlaying sulphur concrete is adapted for use in placing sulphur concrete against or over an existing solid surface such as the exterior surface of a wall, floor, or column base. The existing surface, which typically is a portland cement concrete surface, is prepared by first applying a layer of a bituminous material containing a bitumen which liquifies at temperatures corresponding to the pour temperatures of the sulphur concrete. The sulphur concrete is poured against or over the bitumen-containing surface so that the bitumen therein melts to form a liquid slip plane. The shrinkage of the sulphur concrete which occurs during its temperature-reduction setting occurs without producing cracks because of the relative slippage permitted between the existing wall surface and the sulphur concrete.

摘要翻译： 重叠硫磺混凝土的方法适用于将硫混凝土放置在现有固体表面上或之上，如墙壁，地板或柱基的外表面。 典型地是波特兰水泥混凝土表面的现有表面通过首先施加含有沥青的沥青材料层来制备，所述沥青在相应于硫混凝土的倾倒温度的温度下液化。 将硫混凝土倾倒在含沥青的表面上或上方，使其中的沥青熔化以形成液体滑动平面。 由于在现有的壁表面和硫磺混凝土之间允许的相对滑动，在其降温设置期间发生的硫磺混凝土的收缩率不会产生裂缝。

公开(公告)号：US3946039A

公开(公告)日：1976-03-23

申请号：US170952

申请日：1971-08-11

申请人： Duane D. Walz

发明人： Duane D. Walz

IPC分类号： B22F3/11 ,  C04B38/06 ,  C04B35/60

CPC分类号： B22F3/1121 ,  B22C7/02 ,  B22C7/023 ,  B22C9/043 ,  B22D25/005 ,  B22D29/002 ,  B22F3/1134 ,  C04B38/0615 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  C22C2001/081

摘要： Method and manufacture are provided for preparing a reticulated foam structure by: investing an organic reticulated foam structure with an inorganic composition, which composition is inert under the conditions for forming the reticulated structure; allowing the inorganic suspension to set to form an investment; removing the organic reticulated foam structure; filling the voids of the investment with a fluid composition to form a reticulated casting; and dissolving the investment so as to leave a reticulated foam structure casting.

摘要翻译： 提供了制备网状泡沫结构的方法和制造方法：通过以下方式制备网状泡沫结构：投入具有无机组成的有机网状泡沫结构，该组合物在形成网状结构的条件下是惰性的; 使无机悬浮液形成投资; 去除有机网状泡沫结构; 用流体组合物填充投资的空隙以形成网状铸件; 并溶解投资以留下网状泡沫结构铸造。

公开(公告)号：US3763294A

公开(公告)日：1973-10-02

申请号：US3763294D

申请日：1971-06-28

申请人： CORNING GLASS WORKS

发明人： NICASTRO C ,  NOORDAA R ,  WARD W

IPC分类号： C03B19/06 ,  C04B35/14 ,  C04B35/653 ,  C04B33/32 ,  C04B35/60

CPC分类号： C04B35/653 ,  C03B19/06 ,  C03B19/066 ,  C03B20/00 ,  C04B35/14 ,  Y10S65/04

摘要： IMPROVEMENT IN THE STEP OF FIRING A HIGH PURITY, CLOSE TOLERANCE, VITREOUS SILICA ARTICLE CAPABLE OF BEING INSIDESUPPORTED, WHEREBY THE ARTICLE IS SUPPORTED ON ITS INNER SURFACE ONLY, IN A BOTTOM-END-UP POSITION ON A PERFORATED, THIN-WALL GRAPHITE SUPPORT HAVING AN OUTER SURFACE SUBSTANTIALLY COMPLEMENTARY IN SHAPE TO THE INNER SURFACE OF THE ARTICLE AND SINTERED IN THE PRESENCE OF AT LEAST ONE PROTECTIVE GAS ATMOSPHERE FOR A TIME SUFFICIENT TO COMPLETELY FUSE THE ARTICLE.

公开(公告)号：US3608050A

公开(公告)日：1971-09-21

申请号：US3608050D

申请日：1969-09-12

申请人： UNION CARBIDE CORP

发明人： CARMAN JUSTICE N ,  MCKNIGHT HERMAN G

IPC分类号： C30B11/00 ,  C04B35/10 ,  C04B35/60

CPC分类号： C30B11/00 ,  C30B29/20 ,  Y10S117/90 ,  Y10T117/1092

摘要： A charge of alumina is placed in a mold and heated in a vacuum or an inert gas atmosphere to melt the charge. The melt is then cooled in a generally upward direction to solidify and crystallize the melt at a rate that the generally vertical, downward temperature gradient in the crystallizing zone is less than 25* C. per millimeter. After all of the melt has crystallized the single crystal is uniformly cooled and removed from the mold. Special methods of making the mold and removing the mold are also disclosed.

公开(公告)号：US5254300A

公开(公告)日：1993-10-19

申请号：US712340

申请日：1991-06-07

申请人： Georg Priewasser ,  Lothar Huber ,  Gerhard Spatzier

发明人： Georg Priewasser ,  Lothar Huber ,  Gerhard Spatzier

IPC分类号： C01B33/02 ,  C30B11/00 ,  C30B29/06 ,  H01L31/04 ,  C04B35/60

CPC分类号： C30B29/06 ,  C30B11/002 ,  C30B11/003 ,  Y02E10/546

摘要： By means of the process and by means of the apparatus, fused silicon is produced continuously, or in phases, and zonally cast into a mold in which it is caused to solidify zonally. The temperature conditions in the solidification zone are controlled with the aid of a movable heating zone, by means of which the crystallization front is adjusted to the rising level that fills up the mold, this level being in turn controlled by the fusion rate of the silicon. Polycrystalline silicon blocks can be obtained in which, because of the flat shape of the crystallization front, the columnar single-crystal domains within the blocks extend almost vertically and which represent an excellent solar cell base material having high diffusion lengths and lifetimes of the minority charge carriers, from which solar cells of correspondingly high efficiencies can be produced.

摘要翻译： 通过该方法并借助于该装置，将熔融硅连续地或分阶段地生产，并且被分配成一个模具，在其中使其熔融成型。 凝固区的温度条件借助可移动的加热区域进行控制，通过该温度条件将结晶前沿调节到填充模具的上升水平，该水平又由硅的熔化速率控制 。 可以获得多晶硅块，其中由于结晶前沿的平坦形状，块内的柱状单晶畴几乎垂直延伸，并且代表了具有高扩散长度和少量电荷的寿命的极好的太阳能电池基材 载体，可以从中产生相应高效率的太阳能电池。

公开(公告)号：US4826643A

公开(公告)日：1989-05-02

申请号：US212072

申请日：1988-06-24

申请人： Marc S. Newkirk ,  Jerry Weinstein

发明人： Marc S. Newkirk ,  Jerry Weinstein

IPC分类号： C04B35/65 ,  C04B35/60

CPC分类号： C04B35/652

摘要： A method of producing self-supporting ceramic structures includes providing a first self-supporting ceramic body comprising (i) a polycrystalline oxidation reaction product formed upon oxidation of a first molten parent metal with a first oxidant, and (ii) interconnected porosity at least partially accessible from one or more surfaces of said first ceramic body. A second ceramic body is used to form, by reaction with a vapor-phase oxidant, a second polycrystalline material which is infiltrated into the porosity of at least a zone of said first ceramic body.

摘要翻译： 一种生产自支撑陶瓷结构的方法包括提供第一自支撑陶瓷体，其包括（i）在第一熔融母体金属与第一氧化剂氧化时形成的多晶氧化反应产物，和（ii）至少部分地互连的孔隙 可从所述第一陶瓷体的一个或多个表面接近。 第二陶瓷体用于通过与气相氧化剂反应形成第二多晶材料，所述第二多晶材料渗透到所述第一陶瓷体的至少一个区域的孔隙中。

公开(公告)号：US4820461A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-11

申请号：US212112

申请日：1988-06-24

申请人： Dave K. Creber ,  Adam J. Gesing

发明人： Dave K. Creber ,  Adam J. Gesing

IPC分类号： C04B35/65 ,  C04B38/00 ,  C04B35/60

CPC分类号： C04B38/0025 ,  C04B35/652

摘要： Production of composite ceramic articles using a porous bed or preform of filler material with a molten metal in the presence of a vapor phase oxident, for effecting infiltrating growth of a polycrystalline matrix of a metal-oxidant reaction product into the filler bed or preform, wherein the filler material bed or preform has a first pore system of coarse interconnected pores, and a second pore system of finer interconnected pores defined by portions of the filler material which remain structurally stable in pore-defining arrangement during infiltration.

摘要翻译： 在气相氧化物存在下，使用填充材料与熔融金属的多孔床或预成型体制备复合陶瓷制品，用于将金属 - 氧化剂反应产物的多晶基质渗入生长进入填料床或预型体，其中 填料床或预成型件具有粗互连孔的第一孔系统，以及由渗透期间在孔定义布置中保持结构稳定的填料的部分限定的更细的互连孔的第二孔系统。