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1.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06446007B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-03
申请号：US09419588
申请日：1999-10-18
IPC分类号： G06F1900
CPC分类号： G01V1/364 , G01V1/28 , G01V2210/51
摘要： A method for controlled-amplitude prestack time migration of seismic data traces. According to the inventive method, common-offset gathers of the prestack seismic data traces are 3-D Fourier transformed from the space-time domain to a preselected alternate data domain, such as the frequency-wavenumber domain, the wavenumber-time domain, or the slant-stack domain. A migration operator that substantially preserves the seismic amplitudes of the original data traces is computed in the {right arrow over (p)}−z domain. This migration operator is applied to the transformed data traces in the alternate data domain, an imaging condition is applied, and the resulting migrated data traces are then transformed back to the space domain.
摘要翻译： 一种用于地震数据轨迹的受控幅度叠前时间偏移的方法。 根据本发明的方法，叠前地震数据轨迹的共偏移集合从时空域被傅里叶变换为预选的备用数据域，例如频率波数域，波数时域或 倾斜堆栈域。 在{右箭头（p）} -z域计算基本上保留原始数据迹线的地震幅度的迁移算子。 该迁移操作符应用于备用数据域中的变换数据跟踪，应用成像条件，然后将生成的迁移数据跟踪转换回空间域。
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公开(公告)号：US20130064431A1
公开(公告)日：2013-03-14
申请号：US13640291
申请日：2011-04-22
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/282 , G01V1/301 , G01V1/303 , G01V2210/512 , G01V2210/614 , G01V2210/6222 , G01V2210/632 , G01V2210/679
摘要： Method for efficient computation of wave equation migration angle gathers by using multiple imaging conditions. Common reflection angle or common azimuth gathers or gathers including both common reflection angles and common azimuth angles are produced as the data are migrated. In the course of either wave equation migration or reverse time migration, the pressures and particle motion velocities that need to be computed are sufficient to also compute the Poynting vector pointing in the direction of source-side (35) or receiver-side (37) wavefield propagation. From that, the reflection and azimuth angles can be computed (38). The seismic images can then be stored in the appropriate angle bins, from which common reflection angle or azimuth data volumes can be assembled (39).
摘要翻译： 通过使用多个成像条件，有效计算波动方程偏移角的方法。 当数据迁移时，产生共同的反射角或共同的方位收集或聚集，包括共同的反射角和共同的方位角。 在波动方程迁移或反向时间迁移过程中，需要计算的压力和粒子运动速度足以计算指向源极侧（35）或接收侧（37）方向的坡印亭矢量， 波场传播。 由此可以计算出反射和方位角（38）。 然后可以将地震图像存储在适当的角度仓中，从中可以组装共同的反射角度或方位角数据体积（39）。
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公开(公告)号：US5268537A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-07
申请号：US906069
申请日：1992-06-29
申请人： Graham A. Winbow , Jacob E. Stone
发明人： Graham A. Winbow , Jacob E. Stone
CPC分类号： G01V1/52 , G01V1/133 , Y10S367/911 , Y10S367/912
摘要： Method and apparatus for generating resonant broad band pressure waves in a fluid-filled wellbore for seismic exploration. In the preferred embodiment, a device is provided in a borehole; the device comprises a cylindrical choke body and a means at each end of the choke body for partially or completely blocking off the borehole and creating a fluid-filled borehole cavity. The fluid inside the cavity is oscillated to establish a standing pressure wave of a desired bandwidth in the fluid. The standing wave is radiated through the wellbore into the earth formation and is received by seismic detectors. The fluid is oscillated over a range of frequencies to generate more information about the earth formation.
摘要翻译： 在用于地震勘探的流体充填井筒中产生共振宽带压力波的方法和装置。 在优选实施例中，设置在钻孔中; 该装置包括圆柱形扼流体和在扼流体的每个端部处的装置，用于部分地或完全地阻挡钻孔并产生流体填充的井眼腔。 空腔内的流体振荡以建立流体中期望带宽的驻压波。 驻波通过井眼辐射进入地层，由地震探测器接收。 流体在频率范围内振荡以产生关于地层形成的更多信息。
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公开(公告)号：US4932003A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-05
申请号：US379684
申请日：1982-05-19
申请人： Graham A. Winbow , Sen-Tsuen Chen , James A. Rice
发明人： Graham A. Winbow , Sen-Tsuen Chen , James A. Rice
摘要： The quadrupole shear wave logging device of this invention includes a logging sonde, means for generating a quadrupole shear wave in the earth formation surrounding a borehole containing fluid, and means for detecting in the fluid the refraction of the quadrupole shear wave. In the preferred embodiment, the generating means comprises four similar sectors of a hollow piezoelectric cylinder. The four cylinders are polarized radially. The four sectors are so connected to the sonde that they are in the form of a split cylinder coaxial with the sonde axis. Electrical pulses of similar waveforms are applied across the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces of each sector to vibrate the four sectors. The electrical pulses are of such polarities that, during their initial motions of vibration, two oppositely situated sectors are caused to move outward and the remaining two oppositely situated sectors to move inward substantially simultaneously. Thus, the oppositely situated sectors will vibrate in phase whereas adjacent sectors will vibrate substantially opposite in phase. The vibrations of the four sectors generate four pressure waves: two positive pressure waves and two negative pressure waves. The four pressure waves generated will interfere and produce a quadrupole shear wave in the formation. The pressure wave in the fluid caused by refraction of such quadrupole shear wave is detected by the detecting means comprising two detectors in the fluid spaced apart longitudinally from each other and from the generating means. Shear velocity of the formation may be determined from the time interval between the detections of the refraction of the quadrupole shear wave by the two detectors.
摘要翻译： 本发明的四极剪切波测井装置包括测井探测器，用于在围绕包含流体的钻孔的地层中产生四极剪切波的装置，以及用于在流体中检测四极剪切波的折射的装置。 在优选实施例中，发电装置包括中空压电圆筒的四个相似的扇形。 四个圆柱体径向极化。 四个扇区与探头连接，它们是与探头轴线同轴的分裂圆柱体的形式。 类似波形的电脉冲跨越每个扇区的内圆柱面和外圆柱面施加，以振动四个扇区。 电脉冲具有这样的极性，即在振动的初始运动期间，使两个相对定位的扇区向外移动，并且剩余的两个相对定位的扇区基本上同时向内移动。 因此，相对位置的扇区将同相振动，而相邻的扇区将基本上相位振动。 四个扇区的振动产生四个压力波：两个正压力波和两个负压波。 所产生的四个压力波将干扰并在地层中产生四极剪切波。 由这种四极剪切波的折射引起的流体中的压力波由检测装置检测，该检测装置包括在彼此纵向彼此间隔开的并且与发生装置间隔开的流体中的两个检测器。 地层的剪切速度可以由两个探测器对四极剪切波的折射检测之间的时间间隔确定。
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公开(公告)号：US4606014A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-12
申请号：US395449
申请日：1982-07-06
申请人： Graham A. Winbow , Sen-Tsuen Chen
发明人： Graham A. Winbow , Sen-Tsuen Chen
摘要： The preferred embodiment of this invention includes a logging sonde, an elongated pair of oppositely polarized piezoelectric plates connected to each other by their flat surfaces, and an electrical pulse applying means for applying electrical pulses across the pair of plates so as to bend and vibrate the plates in a direction perpendicular to the length of the plates. Vibration of the plates in a fluid contained in a well creates in the fluid a positive compressional wave in one direction and simultaneously a negative compressional wave in the opposite direction. The two compressional waves will interfere to produce a dipole shear wave in the earth surrounding the well. The dipole shear wave arrival is detected at two locations in the fluid spaced longitudinally along the well from each other and from the plate. The ratio of the time interval between the detections of the dipole shear wave arrival at the two locations to the distance between the two locations yields the shear wave velocity of the earth around the well. The length of the plates may be selected to generate dipole shear waves with frequencies in a preferred range so as to improve shear wave signal to compressional wave noise ratio.
摘要翻译： 本发明的优选实施例包括测井探测器，通过其平坦表面彼此连接的一对相对极化的压电板的一对细长对，以及用于将电脉冲跨过该对板施加以使其弯曲和振动的电脉冲施加装置 板在垂直于板长度的方向上。 液体中包含的流体中的板的振动在流体中产生在一个方向上的正压缩波，同时在相反方向上产生负的压缩波。 两个压缩波将干扰在井周围的地球中产生偶极剪切波。 在沿着井彼此纵向间隔开的流体和板之间的两个位置处检测偶极剪切波到达。 在两个位置之间到达的偶极剪切波的检测之间的时间间隔与两个位置之间的距离之间的时间间隔的比率产生了围绕井的地球的剪切波速度。 可以选择板的长度以产生频率在优选范围内的偶极剪切波，以便改进剪切波信号与压缩波噪声比。
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公开(公告)号：US06691075B1
公开(公告)日：2004-02-10
申请号：US09521295
申请日：2000-03-09
IPC分类号： G06F748
CPC分类号： G01V1/30 , G01V1/282 , G01V2210/614 , G01V2210/66
摘要： A model seismic image of a subsurface seismic reflector is constructed, wherein a set of source and receiver pairs is located, and a subsurface velocity function is determined. Specular reflection points are determined on the subsurface seismic reflector for each of the source and receiver pairs. A Fresnel zone is determined on the subsurface seismic reflector for each of the specular reflection points, using the subsurface velocity function. One or more seismic wavelets are selected and a set of image points is defined containing the subsurface seismic reflector. A synthetic seismic amplitude is determined for each of the image points by summing the Fresnel zone synthetic seismic amplitude for all of the Fresnel zones that contain the image point, using the seismic wavelets. The model seismic image of the subsurface seismic reflector is constructed, using the synthetic seismic amplitudes at the image points.
摘要翻译： 构造了地下地震反射体的地震模型，其中定位了一组源和接收器对，确定了地下速度函数。 对于每个源和接收器对，在地下地震反射器上确定镜面反射点。 使用地下速度函数，在每个镜面反射点的地下地震反射体上确定菲涅耳带。 选择一个或多个地震小波，并且定义包含地下地震反射器的一组图像点。 通过使用地震小波对包含图像点的所有菲涅耳带的菲涅耳带合成地震振幅求和，确定每个图像点的合成地震幅度。 利用图像点的合成地震幅度，构建地下地震反射体的地震模型。
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公开(公告)号：US5361837A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-08
申请号：US981734
申请日：1992-11-25
申请人： Graham A. Winbow
发明人： Graham A. Winbow
摘要： The current invention is an improved method for preventing annular fluid flow following primary cementing of a casing string in a wellbore. The method involves injecting high pressure pulses of a working fluid into a liquid-filled casing string to produce tube waves that will propagate through the casing liquid until they encounter a casing restriction or barrier. This encounter vibrates the casing string. Vibration of the casing string helps to maintain the pressure of the cement slurry at or above the pressure of fluids in the surrounding formations, thereby preventing or reducing annular fluid flow.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种用于在井筒中的套管柱的主要固结之后防止环形流体流动的改进方法。 该方法包括将工作流体的高压脉冲注入液体填充的套管柱中以产生管波，该波浪将通过套管液体传播，直到遇到套管限制或屏障。 这次遇到震动套管弦。 套管柱的振动有助于保持水泥浆的压力等于或高于周围地层中流体的压力，从而防止或减少环形流体流动。
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公开(公告)号：USH1308H
公开(公告)日：1994-05-03
申请号：US950119
申请日：1992-09-23
申请人： Graham A. Winbow , Sen T. Chen
发明人： Graham A. Winbow , Sen T. Chen
CPC分类号： G01V1/52 , B06B1/0655 , H04R15/00
摘要： A seismic source for downhole use is disclosed which is formed by an outer tubular member having weighted ends which carries within a coaxially mounted tubularly shaped piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element is cyclically driven to produce a standing wave having a frequency in the range of 0.25 to 5 kHz and a narrow bandwidth in the range of 5-50 Hz.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于井下使用的地震源，其由具有加载端的外部管状构件形成，所述外部管状构件承载在同轴安装的管状压电元件内。 压电元件被循环驱动以产生具有在0.25至5kHz范围内的频率和5-50Hz范围内的窄带宽的驻波。
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9.发明授权Method and apparatus for converting tube waves to body waves for seismic exploration 失效将管波转换为体波用于地震勘探的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4993001A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-12
申请号：US496089
申请日：1990-03-15
申请人： Graham A. Winbow , Mark S. Ramsey , J. David Fox
发明人： Graham A. Winbow , Mark S. Ramsey , J. David Fox
CPC分类号： G01V1/44 , G01V1/137 , G01V1/52 , G10K15/00 , Y10S367/911
摘要： Method and apparatus for converting tube waves into body waves downhole for seismic exploration are disclosed, comprising a rotary valve tube wave source for producing swept frequency tube waves that are injected into a tubing or wellbore. The tube waves are converted to body waves by an elongate tube wave converter located at a selected position downhole. The tube wave converter comprises an elongate body that preferably substantially fills the wellbore or tubing and has a preferred shape in order to convert efficiently the tube waves to body waves at the selected position downhole.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于将管波转换成井下用于地震勘探的体波的方法和装置，包括用于产生喷射到管道或井眼中的扫频频波管的旋转阀管波源。 管波通过位于井下选定位置的细长管波转换器转换成体波。 管波转换器包括细长体，其优选地基本上填充井眼或管道并且具有优选的形状，以便有效地将管波转换成在井下的选定位置的体波。
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公开(公告)号：US4774693A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-27
申请号：US454925
申请日：1983-01-03
申请人： Graham A. Winbow , Sen-Tsuen Chen , James A. Rice
发明人： Graham A. Winbow , Sen-Tsuen Chen , James A. Rice
CPC分类号： G01V1/44
摘要： The shear wave velocity of the formation is determined by logging the fastest component of the guided wave generated by the generating means. This method is advantageous for logging the shear wave velocities of soft formations. If the generating means of a multipole acoustic logging device radiates at frequencies including a critical frequency, the fastest component of the guided wave generated by the generating means will have substantially the same velocity as a shear wave traveling in the earth formation. By logging the velocity of this fastest component, the shear wave velocity of the earth formation is determined.
摘要翻译： 通过记录由发生装置产生的导波的最快分量来确定地层的剪切波速度。 该方法有利于记录软组织的剪切波速度。 如果多极声波测井装置的产生装置在包括临界频率的频率下辐射，则由发生装置产生的导波的最快分量将具有与在地层中行进的剪切波基本相同的速度。 通过记录最快分量的速度，确定地层的剪切波速度。
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