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公开(公告)号：US4708845A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-24
申请号：US852853
申请日：1986-04-16
CPC分类号： G21C3/3563 , G21C3/328 , Y02E30/31 , Y02E30/38
摘要： A fuel assembly has a bundle of elongated fuel rods disposed in a side-by-side relationship so as to form an array of spaced fuel rods, an outer tubular flow channel surrounding the fuel rods so as to direct flow of coolant/moderator fluid along the fuel rods, a hollow water cross extending centrally through and interconnected with the outer flow channel so as to divide the channel into separate compartments and the bundle of fuel rods into a plurality of mini-bundles thereof being disposed in the respective compartments, and a plurality of spacers axially displaced along the fuel rods in each of the mini-bundles thereof. Each of the fuel rods includes an outer cladding tube with an inner clad surface and a plurality of fuel pellets contained within the tube. Each spacer is composed of a plurality of interleaved inner straps and an outer strap encompassing the inner straps. The interleaved inner straps and the outer strap have respective protrusions formed thereon and together define spacer cells into which the respective protrusions extend to maintain the fuel rods received through the spacer cells in laterally spaced relationships in respective corner, side and interior cells defined by the interleaved inner straps and the outer straps. The BWR fuel assembly includes several improvements which enhance its thermal-hydraulic performance. First, each of the fuel rods received through the corner cells of each spacer has a diametric size smaller than that of the fuel rods received through the side and interior cells of each spacer. Also, each of the protrusions in the corner cells extend a greater distance into the corner cells than the distance through which the protrusions in the side and interior cells extend into those cells, whereby increased coolant flow space is provided through the corner cells as compared to the side and interior cells so as to increase heat transfer from the corner fuel rods to the coolant. Second, perforations are formed in the outer strap at the locations of the corner and side cells of the spacer for reducing the amount of strap area adjacent the fuel rods received in the corner and side cells and thereby increasing coolant flow to the corner and side fuel rods. Third, a generally uniform poison coating, such as boron, is applied within at least a majority of the fuel rods, the poison coating being applied to either the fuel pellets or the inner clad surface of the cladding tube of each fuel rod in the majority. Additionally, a predetermined pattern of fuel enrichment is provided with respect to the fuel rods of each mini-bundle thereof which together with the uniform poison coatings within the fuel rods ensures that the peaking powers of fuel rods in the corner and side cells of the spacers are less than the peaking power of a leading one of the fuel rods in the interior cells of the spacers.
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公开(公告)号：US4753774A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-28
申请号：US826523
申请日：1986-02-06
摘要： A BWR fuel assembly has a bundle of spaced fuel rods, an outer tubular flow channel surrounding the fuel rods so as to direct flow of coolant/moderator fluid along the fuel rods, and a hollow central water cross with opposed walls, a lower flow inlet end, an opposite upper flow outlet end, and an open inner cruciform flow channel for subcooled moderator fluid flow through the fuel assembly. The water cross extends through the outer flow channel and is interconnected with the outer channel so as to divide it into separate compartments and the bundle of fuel rods into a plurality of mini-bundles thereof. Also, a pair of upper and lower tie plates are connected to the opposite ends of the fuel rods in each mini-bundle thereof so as to provide a separate fuel rod subassembly in each of the compartments. The tie plates have flow openings defined therethrough for allowing the flow of the coolant/ moderator fluid into and from the separate fuel rod subsasembly. The BWR includes an improvement which allows selected flow into said water cross and cross flow of fluid between the lower ends of the respective fuel rod mini-bundles of the separate fuel rod subassemblies and in such manner minimizes maldistribution of flow between the mini-bundles. The improvement comprises cross flow inlet means in the form of opposed holes located in the opposed walls of the water cross above the lower tie plates of the mini-bundles.
摘要翻译： BWR燃料组件具有一束间隔开的燃料棒，围绕燃料棒的外部管状流动通道，以便沿着燃料棒引导冷却剂/调节剂流体的流动，以及具有相对壁的中空中心水交叉，下部流入口 末端，相对的上流出口端和用于过冷调节剂流体的敞开的内十字形流动通道流过燃料组件。 水横截面延伸穿过外部流动通道并与外部通道相互连接，以便将其分成独立的隔间，并将燃料棒束分成多个微型束。 此外，一对上下连接板在每个小束中连接到燃料棒的相对端，以在每个隔室中提供单独的燃料棒子组件。 连接板具有通过其限定的流动开口，用于允许冷却剂/调节剂流体进入和离开单独的燃料棒子组件。 BWR包括一种改进，其允许选择的流动进入所述水交叉并且在分开的燃料棒子组件的相应的燃料棒微型束的下端之间的流体的交叉流动并且以这种方式最小化在微型束之间的流动的不均匀分布。 该改进包括位于迷你束的下连接板上方的水交叉的相对壁中的相对孔形式的横流入口装置。
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公开(公告)号：US5586597A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-24
申请号：US573813
申请日：1995-12-18
申请人： Rusi P. Taleyarkhan
发明人： Rusi P. Taleyarkhan
CPC分类号： F42B5/08 , B22D11/124 , B22D11/148 , F41B11/00 , F42B5/16
摘要： Steam explosions can be prevented or mitigated during a metal casting process by the placement of a perforated flooring system in the casting pit. An upward flow of compressed gas through this perforated flooring system is introduced during the casting process to produce a buffer layer between any spilled molten metal and the cooling water in the reservoir. This buffer layer provides a hydrodynamic layer which acts to prevent or mitigate steam explosions resulting from hot, molten metal being spilled into or onto the cooling water.
摘要翻译： 在金属铸造过程中，可以通过将多孔地板系统放置在铸造坑中来防止或减轻蒸汽爆炸。 在铸造过程中引入通过该穿孔地板系统的压缩气体的向上流动，以在任何溢出的熔融金属和储存器中的冷却水之间产生缓冲层。 该缓冲层提供流体动力学层，其用于防止或减轻由于热的熔融金属溅入或冷却水中而引起的蒸汽爆炸。
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4.发明授权BWR fuel assembly channel with localized neutron absorber strips for LPRM calibration 失效BWR燃料组装通道，具有用于LPRM校准的局部中子吸收条
公开(公告)号：US4818471A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-04
申请号：US83402
申请日：1987-08-10
CPC分类号： G21C17/10
摘要： A Local Power Range Monitor (LPRM) string is employed between BWR fuel assemblies arranged in side-by-side spaced positions. The string has a hollow tube and neutron detectors located therein at spaced axial locations and being adapted to provide local power monitoring information. The hollow string tube is adapted to receive a neutron flux sensitive probe for calibrating the detectors. Each fuel assembly has an outer hollow tubular channel surrounding fuel rods and spacers disposed within and axially along the channel and about the fuel rods. The spacers are composed of a material incapable of producing a localized change in neutron flux. Elements in the form of strips of a neutron absorber material are attached to the exterior of the channel of each fuel assembly at a respective corner thereon and located axially at different known positions therealong and adjacent to the hollow string tube. The material composing the strips is capable of producing a localized change in neutron flux such that, upon passage of the probe through the hollow string tube and past the strips, the probe will sense the neutron flux change being produced by each of the strips and thereby the position of the probe can be tracked as it is moved through the string tube.
摘要翻译： 在并排布置的BWR燃料组件之间采用局部功率范围监视器（LPRM）。 弦具有中空管和位于其间隔开的轴向位置的中子探测器，并适于提供局部功率监测信息。 中空弦管适于接收用于校准检测器的中子通量敏感探针。 每个燃料组件具有外部中空管状通道，其围绕设置在通道内并且沿着通道并且围绕燃料棒设置的燃料棒和间隔件。 间隔物由不能产生中子通量局部变化的材料组成。 中子吸收材料条带形式的元件在每个燃料组件的通道的外部在其相应的角落处附接并且轴向位于沿着中空弦管的不同的已知位置处。 构成条的材料能够产生中子通量的局部变化，使得当探针通过中空管管并经过条时，探针将感测由每个条产生的中子通量变化，从而 探头的位置可以随着其通过弦管移动而被跟踪。
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公开(公告)号：US09348039B2
公开(公告)日：2016-05-24
申请号：US14365199
申请日：2012-12-13
摘要： A directional-position sensing fast neutron sensor system is disclosed. The system includes one or more acoustically tensioned metastable fluid detector (ATMFD) for determining the direction of the source of incident neutron radiation. The system has been used to detect the position of a 1 Ci Pu—Be neutron radiation source. The ATMFD detector is comparable in technical performance with directional fast neutron detector-bank technologies but is significantly more economical, smaller, and has little to no interference from nonneutron background radiation. The ATMFD detector can be used to locate hidden neutron sources and has been used in blind tests to do so. Specifically an ATMFD system (with a 6×10 cm cross-sectional area) provides directional information for incoming neutron radiation from an 8 kg Pu source from a distance of 25 m with a resolution of 11.2° at a 68% confidence within 60 seconds. Position and neutron source image sensing were also demonstrated using two ATMFDs.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种定向感测快中子传感器系统。 该系统包括用于确定入射中子辐射源的方向的一个或多个声学张紧的亚稳流体检测器（ATMFD）。 该系统已被用于检测1 Ci Pu-Be中子辐射源的位置。 ATMFD检测器在技术性能方面与方向快速中子检测器 - 银行技术相当，但是显着更经济，更小，并且几乎不受非中子背景辐射的干扰。 ATMFD检测器可用于定位隐藏的中子源，并已被用于盲目测试。 具体来说，一个ATMFD系统（具有6×10厘米横截面积）为距离25米的8千米Pu源的入射中子辐射提供了方向信息，分辨率为11.2°，置信度为60秒。 还使用两个ATMFD来演示位置和中子源图像感测。
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公开(公告)号：US20100254500A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-07
申请号：US11653791
申请日：2007-01-16
申请人： Rusi P. Taleyarkhan
发明人： Rusi P. Taleyarkhan
摘要： An acoustic inertial confinement nuclear fusion device is disclosed. The device includes an enclosure that holds a fluid with dissolved alpha emitters. A generator is coupled to the enclosure, and the generator is configured to harmonically drive the fluid in the enclosure to induce an acoustic standing wave in the fluid. The dissolved alpha emitters nucleate bubble clusters in the fluid as the fluid is driven by the generator. Neutrons, tritium and/or gamma rays, are emitted from the fluid, without or with an external source of neutrons.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种声学惯性约束核聚变装置。 该装置包括用溶解的α发射体保持流体的外壳。 发电机耦合到外壳，并且发电机被配置成谐振地驱动外壳中的流体以在流体中引起声驻波。 当流体由发生器驱动时，溶解的α发射体使流体中的气泡簇成核。 中子，氚和/或γ射线从流体发射，没有或具有外来的中子源。
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公开(公告)号：US4783308A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-08
申请号：US20159
申请日：1987-02-26
申请人： Rusi P. Taleyarkhan
发明人： Rusi P. Taleyarkhan
摘要： An improved nuclear fuel rod includes a plurality of cylindrical nuclear fuel pellets being disposed end-to-end in a stack, and an elongated cylindrical cladding tube providing a hermetically sealed chamber. The cladding tube includes a cylindrical wall having inner and outer spaced surfaces and a thickness "x". The stack of fuel pellets are contained in the chamber and spaced radially inwardly from the wall. The thickness "x" of the cladding tube wall between the inner and outer surfaces is the thickness required to generate sufficient heat internally of the wall between its inner and outer surfaces to satisfy the following relationship of a predetermined total fuel rod radiation intensity output, I, to a predetermined fuel rod radiation intensity generated by the fuel pellets contained in the fuel rod, I.sub.0 :I=I.sub.0 e.sup.-ux, where "u" is the attenuation coefficient which varies with cladding material and radiation type.
摘要翻译： 改进的核燃料棒包括在堆叠中端对端设置的多个圆柱形核燃料颗粒和提供气密密封室的细长圆柱形包层管。 包层管包括具有内部和外部间隔开的表面和厚度“x”的圆柱形壁。 燃料颗粒堆叠被包含在室中并与壁径向向内间隔开。 内表面和外表面之间的包层管壁的厚度“x”是在其内表面和外表面之间的壁内部产生足够的热量所需的厚度，以满足预定的总燃料棒辐射强度输出I 对于由燃料棒中包含的燃料粒子产生的预定的燃料棒辐射强度，I0：I = I0e-ux，其中“u”是随包覆材料和辐射类型而变化的衰减系数。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4728490A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-01
申请号：US908140
申请日：1986-09-17
申请人： Rusi P. Taleyarkhan
发明人： Rusi P. Taleyarkhan
CPC分类号： G21C3/322 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/302 , Y02E30/31 , Y02E30/38
摘要： A BWR fuel assembly having an array of spaced fuel rods, an outer hollow tubular flow channel surrounding the fuel rods so as to direct flow of coolant/moderator fluid therealong, and a hollow central water cross extending through the channel and composed of radially extending members dividing the fuel rods into separate fuel rod mini-bundle subassemblies which each has fuel rod spacers being displaced from one another along the length of the subassembly, includes features on at least one of the spacers of each subassembly which minimize degradation of CHF performance. These features are coolant flow diverting scoops mounted on the outer peripheral strap of the spacer. The scoops are disposed in spaced apart relation along an upstream side of the outer strap so as to extend inwardly along and in spaced relation from an upstream side of respective ones of the terminal end portions of the interleaved inner straps of the spacer which with the outer strap form a ring of perimeter cell openings in the spacer. The scoops also extend within the respective spaces between those of the fuel rods received through the perimeter cell openings and terminate at inner ends being disposed above a border defined by the inner straps which surrounds and separates a group of inner cell openings defined by the interleaved inner straps from the perimeter cell openings. The scoops have flow deflecting portions disposed in inclined relationships across portions of the coolant flow paths to the perimeter cell openings for causing redistribution of flow to the inner cell openings.
摘要翻译： 具有间隔开的燃料棒阵列的BWR燃料组件，围绕燃料棒的外部中空管状流动通道，以便沿着其引导冷却剂/调节剂流体的流动，以及延伸穿过通道并由径向延伸部件 将燃料棒分成单独的燃料棒微型组件组件，其中每个组件具有燃料棒间隔件沿着子组件的长度彼此移位，包括在每个子组件的至少一个间隔件上的特征，其最小化CHF性能的降低。 这些特征是安装在间隔件的外周带上的冷却剂流转向勺。 勺子沿着外带的上游侧以间隔开的关系设置，以便沿间隔开的内侧延伸并且与间隔件的交错内带的相应末端部分的上游侧间隔开， 带形成间隔件中的周边电池开口的环。 勺子还在通过周边单元开口接收的燃料棒的那些空间之间的相应空间内延伸，并且终止于设置在由内带限定的边界之上的内侧，内边缘围绕并分离由交错内部限定的一组内部单元开口 从周边细胞开口带。 勺子具有设置成倾斜关系的流动偏转部分，其横跨冷却剂流动通道的周边细胞开口的部分，以引起流向内部细胞开口的再分配。
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公开(公告)号：US4698204A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-06
申请号：US908139
申请日：1986-09-17
申请人： Rusi P. Taleyarkhan
发明人： Rusi P. Taleyarkhan
CPC分类号： G21C3/352 , G21C3/322 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/302 , Y02E30/31 , Y02E30/38
摘要： A BWR fuel assembly having an array of spaced fuel rods, an outer tubular flow channel surrounding the fuel rods to direct flow of coolant fluid therealong, and a central water cross extending through the channel and dividing the fuel rods into separate subassemblies which each has fuel rod support spacers being displaced from one another along the length of the subassembly, includes features in each subassembly which minimize degradation of CHF performance. These features relate to intermediate flow mixing nonsupport grids disposed along each subassembly between and in spaced relation from the uppermost pairs of the spacers. The grid includes first and second groups of mixing vanes disposed at its downstream side. The vanes of the first group are attached on portions of the outer strap and on respective portions of the inner straps which together with the outer strap portions define the perimeter cell openings. The vanes of the second group are attached on other portions of the inner straps which together with the respective portions thereof define the inner cell openings. Each mixing vane of both groups extends downstream and inwardly toward the respective cell openings for deflecting coolant flowing therethrough. The mixing vanes of the second group are substantially smaller in size than those of the first group so as to generate substantially less turbulence in coolant flow through the inner cell openings than through the perimeter cell openings.
摘要翻译： 具有间隔开的燃料棒阵列的BWR燃料组件，围绕燃料棒以引导其周围的冷却剂流体的外部管状流动通道以及延伸穿过通道并且将燃料棒分成各自具有燃料的单独子组件的中心水交叉 杆支撑间隔件沿着子组件的长度彼此偏移，包括每个子组件中的特征，其使得CHF性能的降低最小化。 这些特征涉及沿着每个子组件设置的中间流混合非支撑栅格，并且与间隔件的最上面的对间隔开。 网格包括设置在其下游侧的第一组和第二组混合叶片。 第一组的叶片附接在外带的部分上和内带的相应部分上，外带绑带部分与外带部分一起限定周边电池开口。 第二组的叶片附接在内带的其他部分上，其中各个部分限定了内部细胞开口。 两组的每个混合叶片向下游和向内延伸朝向相应的单元开口，用于使流过其中的冷却剂偏转。 第二组的混合叶片的尺寸显着小于第一组的混合叶片，从而在通过内部孔口的冷却剂流中产生比通过周边孔隙开口更少的紊流。
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公开(公告)号：US20180162993A1
公开(公告)日：2018-06-14
申请号：US15575441
申请日：2016-05-13
申请人： Rusi P. Taleyarkhan
发明人： Rusi P. Taleyarkhan
CPC分类号： C08G63/06 , C08G63/78 , C08G63/88 , C08J3/03 , C08J3/12 , C08J3/28 , C08J2367/04 , C08L67/04 , C08L97/02
摘要： An amorphous polylactic acid polymer having a weight average molecular weight of about 35,000 to 45,000 is described. The polylactic acid polymer composition can be of particles wherein 90% of the particles have a size of 250 nm or less, a glass transition temperature about 55 to 58 degrees centigrade, and a relative viscosity at 30 degrees centigrade between 1.65 to 1.95. The polymer composition can be used to form an aqueous suspension. The material is ideal in preparing particleboards. A method is disclosed for preparing such polylactic acid polymers. The method involves obtaining an amorphous polylactic acid polymer having a weight average molecular weight of between 115,000 to 180,000. Treating the polylactic acid polymer to reduce the molecular weight between 35,000 to 45,000 such that the glass transition temperature is about 55 to 58 degrees centigrade and a relative viscosity at 30 degrees centigrade about 1.65 to 1.95. 90% of the particles must have an average diameter of 250 nm or less.
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