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公开(公告)号：US20090220193A1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-03
申请号：US12151469
申请日：2008-05-07
IPC分类号： G02B6/28
CPC分类号： G02B6/12011
摘要： A planar optical device useful as a low order wavelength router is realized by using a waveguide grating comprising two curved arrays of opposite curvatures. The diffraction order is determined by the angles of rotation of the two curved arrays, and any nonzero order less than about 30 can be realized. This arrangement is smaller, and performs better than a previous grating using a combination of three curved arrays.
摘要翻译： 通过使用包括相反曲率的两个弯曲阵列的波导光栅来实现用作低阶波长路由器的平面光学器件。 衍射级由两个弯曲阵列的旋转角确定，并且可以实现小于约30的任何非零阶。 这种布置更小，并且比使用三个弯曲阵列的组合的先前光栅表现更好。
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公开(公告)号：US06549698B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-15
申请号：US10042597
申请日：2002-01-09
IPC分类号： G02B628
CPC分类号： G02B6/12009
摘要： The limitation of N in an N×N Wavelength Grating Router (WGR) is determined to be because of the intrinsic diffraction characteristics of the grating that occurs when N approaches the diffraction order m at which the grating operates. The N in a N×N WGR device is maximized for input signal channels equally spaced either in frequency or in wavelength. For the wavelength case, N is increased by appropriate changes in the spacing of the output ports of the WGR and/or by slightly correcting the by channels wavelengths.
摘要翻译： NxN波长光栅路由器（WGR）中的N的限制被确定为由于当N接近光栅操作的衍射级m时发生的光栅的固有衍射特性。 NxN WGR设备中的N最大化为频率或波长均匀间隔的输入信号通道。 对于波长情况，通过WGR的输出端口的间隔的适当变化和/或通过稍微校正信道波长来增加N。
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公开(公告)号：US06385373B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-07
申请号：US09490610
申请日：2000-01-25
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： G02B6/12014 , G02B6/2808 , G02B6/2813 , G02B2006/12147
摘要： When two star couplers are cascaded so as to perform two Fourier transformations without phase distortions, an imaging arrangement results which accurately reproduces at the output the input distribution. In order to achieve high efficiency of power transfer between a relatively large number of input ports and a relatively large number of output ports and a small star-coupler physical size, the input and output waveguides connected to the star coupler must be relatively narrow and be closely spaced at the star coupler. However close spacing gives rise to significant mutual coupling between adjacent waveguides, leading to undesirable crosstalk between the channels of the device. We have discovered that the phase distortion is approximately periodic and may be compensated for by adding or subtracting length to the waveguides between the star couplers. The path length correction is essentially a sinusoid with the minimum increase in required path length being applicable to the ports at the centers of the star-coupler Brillouin zones and the maximum increase in required length being applicable to the ports at the edges of the star-coupler Brillouin zones.
摘要翻译： 当两个星形耦合器级联以便执行没有相位失真的两个傅里叶变换时，可以在输出端精确地再现输入分布的成像装置。 为了实现相对大量的输入端口和相对大量的输出端口和小的星形耦合器物理尺寸之间的功率传输的高效率，连接到星形耦合器的输入和输出波导必须相对较窄并且为 在星形耦合器处紧密间隔开。 然而，紧密的间隔导致相邻波导之间的显着的相互耦合，导致器件的通道之间的不期望的串扰。 我们已经发现相位畸变近似周期性，并且可以通过对星形耦合器之间的波导加上或减去长度来补偿相位畸变。 路径长度校正基本上是正弦曲线，所需路径长度的最小增加可应用于星形耦合器布里渊区域中心处的端口，并且所需长度的最大增加可应用于星形耦合器的边缘处的端口， 耦合器布里渊区域。
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公开(公告)号：US06263127B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-17
申请号：US09311544
申请日：1999-05-13
IPC分类号： G02B628
CPC分类号： G02B6/12019 , G02B6/2931 , G02B6/29311 , G02B6/29313 , G02B6/29395 , G02B6/3512 , G02B6/3556 , G02B6/356 , H04J14/02 , H04J14/0212 , H04J14/0213 , H04Q11/0005 , H04Q2011/0022 , H04Q2011/0026 , H04Q2011/0032
摘要： A router combines free-space and guided wave optics to drastically increase the number of channels used in WDM transmission systems. The two-stage router uses the partial demultiplexing characteristic of an arrayed waveguide router (AWR) combined with a free-space optical router to fully demultiplex an input WDM signal. The two-stage router can be used to obtain output wavelength signals in either one- or two-dimensional arrays.
摘要翻译： 路由器结合了自由空间和导波光学，大大增加了WDM传输系统中使用的信道数量。 两级路由器使用与自由空间光路由器组合的阵列波导路由器（AWR）的部分解复用特性来完全解复用输入WDM信号。 两级路由器可用于以一维或二维阵列获得输出波长信号。
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公开(公告)号：US20120014644A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-19
申请号：US12804052
申请日：2010-07-13
IPC分类号： G02B6/28
CPC分类号： G02B6/12011 , G02B6/12014
摘要： An optimized planar optical router consisting of two stages performing stationary imaging between an input waveguide and a set of output waveguides has advantages of reduced size, larger number of channels and minimal loss variation in each passband. The new router is an optimized M×N imaging arrangement including two waveguide gratings and n waveguide lenses connected between the principal zones of the two gratings. The largest values of N are realized by using a combination of two techniques that increase N without increasing the size of the two gratings. One technique increases N for a given number n of lenses and, the other, increases n. In one embodiment, each lens produces a periodic sequence of passbands, all transmitted from a particular input waveguide to the same output waveguide, whereas, in a second embodiment, the above passbands are transmitted to different output waveguides. In both cases, the loss caused by secondary images is substantially reduced by including secondary lenses.
摘要翻译： 由输入波导和一组输出波导之间执行静止成像的两个阶段组成的优化的平面光路由器具有减小的尺寸，更大数量的通道和每个通带中的最小损耗变化的优点。 新的路由器是优化的M×N成像布置，包括两个波导光栅和连接在两个光栅的主要区域之间的n个波导透镜。 N的最大值通过使用增加N而不增加两个光栅的尺寸的两种技术的组合来实现。 一种技术对于给定数量的n个透镜增加N，而另一种增加n。 在一个实施例中，每个透镜产生通带的周期性序列，全部从特定输入波导传输到相同的输出波导，而在第二实施例中，上述通带被传输到不同的输出波导。 在这两种情况下，通过包括次级透镜，二次图像引起的损耗大大降低。
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公开(公告)号：US20110123148A1
公开(公告)日：2011-05-26
申请号：US12592179
申请日：2009-11-21
IPC分类号： G02B6/28
CPC分类号： G02B6/12021
摘要： An optimized planar optical router consisting of two stages performing stationary imaging between an input waveguide and a set of output waveguides has advantages of reduced size, larger number of channels and minimal loss variation in each passband. Each stage is a waveguide grating router, the two stages are characterized by nearly equal free-spectral ranges, and a waveguide lens is connected between the two stages. In one embodiment, the lens is connected between the central zones of the two stages, and the diffraction orders of the two stages vary monotonically from each passband to the next. In another embodiment, the loss caused by secondary images is substantially reduced by using a composite lens providing efficient transmission of both principal and secondary images.
摘要翻译： 由输入波导和一组输出波导之间执行静止成像的两个阶段组成的优化的平面光路由器具有减小的尺寸，更大数量的通道和每个通带中的最小损耗变化的优点。 每个阶段都是一个波导光栅路由器，两个阶段的特点是几乎相等的自由光谱范围，波导透镜连接在两个阶段之间。 在一个实施例中，透镜连接在两级的中心区之间，两级的衍射级从每个通带到下一个通带单调变化。 在另一个实施例中，通过使用提供主要和次要图像的有效传输的复合透镜，可以显着地减少由二次图像引起的损耗。
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公开(公告)号：US06195482B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-27
申请号：US09221717
申请日：1998-12-29
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： G02B6/12011 , G02B6/12016 , G02B6/14
摘要： A waveguide grating router having an improved passband flatness with lower loss is provided that includes a first optical coupling device having at least one input port, at least one mode converter, and P output ports, where P>2. A second optical coupling device is also provided that has P input ports, least one output port, and at least one mode converter. P optical paths couple the input port of the first optical coupling device to the output port of the second optical coupling device. The mode converters control the magnitudes of various transmission coefficients contributed by the optical paths of the router. The phases of the various contributions are determined by the optical path lengths, and these lengths are chosen so that certain contributions are opposite to other contributions.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种具有改进的具有较低损耗的通带平坦度的波导光栅路由器，其包括具有至少一个输入端口，至少一个模式转换器和P个输出端口的第一光耦合器件，其中P> 2。 还提供了具有P个输入端口，至少一个输出端口和至少一个模式转换器的第二光耦合器件。 P光路将第一光耦合器件的输入端口耦合到第二光耦合器件的输出端口。 模式转换器控制由路由器的光路所贡献的各种传输系数的大小。 各种贡献的阶段由光程长度确定，并且选择这些长度使得某些贡献与其他贡献相反。
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8.发明授权Optical router with nearly ideal performance and increased number of channels 有权光路由器具有几乎理想的性能和增加的通道数公开(公告)号：US08326101B2
公开(公告)日：2012-12-04
申请号：US12804052
申请日：2010-07-13
CPC分类号： G02B6/12011 , G02B6/12014
摘要： An optimized planar optical router consisting of two stages performing stationary imaging between an input waveguide and a set of output waveguides has advantages of reduced size, larger number of channels and minimal loss variation in each passband. The new router is an optimized M×N imaging arrangement including two waveguide gratings and n waveguide lenses connected between the principal zones of the two gratings. The largest values of N are realized by using a combination of two techniques that increase N without increasing the size of the two gratings. One technique increases N for a given number n of lenses and, the other, increases n. In one embodiment, each lens produces a periodic sequence of passbands, all transmitted from a particular input waveguide to the same output waveguide, whereas, in a second embodiment, the above passbands are transmitted to different output waveguides. In both cases, the loss caused by secondary images is substantially reduced by including secondary lenses.
摘要翻译： 由输入波导和一组输出波导之间执行静止成像的两个阶段组成的优化的平面光路由器具有减小的尺寸，更大数量的通道和每个通带中的最小损耗变化的优点。 新的路由器是优化的M×N成像布置，包括两个波导光栅和连接在两个光栅的主要区域之间的n个波导透镜。 N的最大值通过使用增加N而不增加两个光栅的尺寸的两种技术的组合来实现。 一种技术对于给定数量的n个透镜增加N，而另一种增加n。 在一个实施例中，每个透镜产生通带的周期性序列，全部从特定输入波导传输到相同的输出波导，而在第二实施例中，上述通带被传输到不同的输出波导。 在这两种情况下，通过包括次级透镜，二次图像引起的损耗大大降低。
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公开(公告)号：US07702200B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-20
申请号：US12151469
申请日：2008-05-07
CPC分类号： G02B6/12011
摘要： A planar optical device useful as a low order wavelength router is realized by using a waveguide grating comprising two curved arrays of opposite curvatures. The diffraction order is determined by the angles of rotation of the two curved arrays, and any nonzero order less than about 30 can be realized. This arrangement is smaller, and performs better than a previous grating using a combination of three curved arrays.
摘要翻译： 通过使用包括相反曲率的两个弯曲阵列的波导光栅来实现用作低阶波长路由器的平面光学器件。 衍射级由两个弯曲阵列的旋转角确定，并且可以实现小于约30的任何非零阶。 这种布置更小，并且比使用三个弯曲阵列的组合的先前光栅表现更好。
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10.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06594054B1
公开(公告)日：2003-07-15
申请号：US09396861
申请日：1999-09-15
IPC分类号： H04B1000
CPC分类号： H04B10/2507
摘要： A filtering system for eliminating dispersion caused by filtering an optical signal with a birefringent filter. Dispersion is eliminated by causing each signal to be passed twice through a birefringent filter. Dispersion created by the first pass is canceled out by dispersion created in the second pass. The same filter may be used for both passes with a polarization rotation applied between the two passes. Specifically, the first pass produces dispersion defined by transmission coefficients C and D. Because of the polarization rotation, the second pass creates dispersion defined by the complex conjugates of transmission coefficients C and D, which cancel out dispersion caused by the first pass. Mathematically, each transmission coefficient of the first pass is multiplied by its complex conjugate of the second pass, and the resulting transmission coefficients |C|2, |D|2 are entirely free of dispersion caused by the filter. A method for filtering an optical signal using a birefringent filter to eliminate dispersion is also provided.
摘要翻译： 一种用于消除由双折射滤光片过滤光信号引起的色散的滤波系统。 通过使每个信号通过双折射滤光片两次来消除色散。 由第一遍产生的色散由第二遍产生的色散消除。 相同的过滤器可以用于在两次通过之间施加偏振旋转的两个通道。 具体地，第一遍产生由传输系数C和D定义的色散。由于偏振旋转，第二遍产生由传输系数C和D的复共轭定义的色散，其消除由第一遍导致的色散。 在数学上，第一遍的每个传输系数乘以其第二遍的复共轭，并且所得到的传输系数| C | 2，| D | 2完全没有由过滤器引起的色散。 还提供了一种使用双折射滤波器对光信号进行滤波以消除色散的方法。
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