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公开(公告)号：US06298930B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-09
申请号：US09383228
申请日：1999-08-26
IPC分类号： E21B1046
CPC分类号： E21B10/43 , E21B10/573 , E21B2010/566
摘要： A rotary drag bit including exterior features to control the depth of cut by cutters mounted thereon, so as to control the volume of formation material cut per bit rotation as well as the torque experienced by the bit and an associated bottomhole assembly. The exterior features preferably precede, taken in the direction of bit rotation, cutters with which they are associated, and provide sufficient bearing area so as to support the bit against the bottom of the borehole under weight on bit without exceeding the compressive strength of the formation rock. The exterior features may be oriented and configured to function optimally at a predicted rate of penetration, or range of rates, at which the bit may be operated, such rate or rates being further optionally maximized in softer formations in light of the ability of the bit to hydraulically clear a maximum volume of formation cuttings to prevent so-called bit balling.
摘要翻译： 一种旋转牵引钻头，包括外部特征以控制安装在其上的切割器的切割深度，以便控制每位旋转切割的成形材料的体积以及钻头和相关的井底组件所经历的扭矩。 外部特征优选地在钻头旋转的方向，与它们相关联的切割器之前提供，并且提供足够的承载面积，以便在钻头的重量下支撑钻头的底部而不超过地层的抗压强度 岩。 外部特征可以被定向和配置为以预测的穿透速率或比特的运行范围最佳地起作用，这种速率或速率在软地层中进一步可选地根据钻头的能力而最大化 以液压方式清除最大体积的地层切屑，以防止所谓的钻孔。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5590729A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-07
申请号：US353453
申请日：1994-12-09
IPC分类号： E21B10/42 , E21B10/43 , E21B10/54 , E21B10/55 , E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/573 , E21B10/60 , E21B10/46
CPC分类号： E21B10/43 , E21B10/55 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/5735 , E21B10/60
摘要： A cutting element for a rotary drill bit for subterranean drilling, including a substantially planar table of superhard material having a cutting face and a cutting edge. The table may be reinforced against bending with one or more strut portions extending from the rear of the table to the rear of the substrate and at least partially across the cutting element. The strut portions may be integral with the diamond table, or separately fabricated and of another material. The strut portions, in addition to or in lieu of providing stiffness to the superhard table, may also serve to enhance heat transfer away from the cutting face and cutting edge of the superhard table. The structure supporting the cutting element on the drill bit and the body of the drill bit itself may be additionally configured to include structures to facilitate heat transfer away from the superhard table.
摘要翻译： 一种用于地下钻孔的旋转钻头的切割元件，包括具有切割面和切割刃的超硬材料的基本平坦的台面。 可以通过从桌子的后部延伸到基板的后部并且至少部分地跨过切割元件的一个或多个支柱部分来增强桌子的弯曲。 支柱部分可以与金刚石台一体，或者单独制造和另一种材料。 支撑部分除了或代替为超硬桌子提供刚度之外，还可用于增强离开超硬桌子的切割面和切割刃的热传递。 支撑钻头上的切割元件的结构和钻头本身的主体可以被额外地构造成包括便于远离超硬表的热传递的结构。
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3.发明授权Superabrasive cutting elements for rotary drag bits configured for scooping a formation 失效用于旋转拖曳钻头的超级磨料切割元件，被配置为舀取地层公开(公告)号：US06527065B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-04
申请号：US09650799
申请日：2000-08-30
IPC分类号： E21B1008
CPC分类号： E21B10/43 , E21B10/55 , E21B10/5673 , E21B10/5735 , E21B10/602
摘要： Cutting elements for use in a rotary drill bit are configured to facilitate positioning of the cutting elements at a positive rake angle with respect to the formation to enhance compressive stresses in the cutting element and to reduce cutting loads on the cutting elements. The cutting element generally comprises a three-dimensional superabrasive cutting member having a leading edge and a three-dimensional arcuate scoop-like surface which conveys formation cuttings away from the cutting element. The cutting element may also be formed to a substrate or backing. A drill bit suitable for use of the cutting elements of the invention is disclosed which includes passageways and internal fluid passages for enhancing the conveyance of formation cuttings away from the leading edge of the cutting element. A method of drilling earthen formations with a drill bit incorporating at least one cutting element comprising a three-dimensional superabrasive cutting member having a leading edge and a three-dimensional arcuate scoop-like surface which conveys formation cuttings away from the cutting element is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 用于旋转钻头的切割元件构造成便于切割元件相对于地层以正向前角定位，以增强切割元件中的压缩应力并减少切割元件上的切割负载。 切割元件通常包括具有前缘和三维弓形勺状表面的三维超研磨切割构件，其将形成切屑传送离开切割元件。 切割元件也可以形成为基底或背衬。 公开了一种适于使用本发明的切割元件的钻头，其包括通道和内部流体通道，用于增强地层切屑远离切割元件的前缘的传送。 还公开了一种用钻头结合至少一个切割元件的钻头钻地层的方法，所述切割元件包括具有前缘的三维超研磨切割构件和将切割元件传送成形切割的三维弓形勺状表面 。
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公开(公告)号：US5431239A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-11
申请号：US44938
申请日：1993-04-08
IPC分类号： E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/46
CPC分类号： E21B10/567
摘要： An improved stud design for an earth boring drill bit is disclosed preferably using materials of different hardness and toughness layered to provide maximum resistance to surface abrasion coupled with excellent structural properties including high strength with maximum fracture toughness. The bit body is conventionally attached to a drill string, and has a crown and gage portion. The studs preferably include a core, made of steel or other material having high fracture toughness, covered at least in part with a hard, abrasion resistant material such as tungsten carbide. Each stud is secured to a socket in the bit body by means of brazing or other suitable means such as a press fit. The cutting element is brazed to a mounting face of the stud prior to affixation of the stud to the bit body and is preferably comprised of a polycrystalline diamond compact adhered to a backing layer of tungsten carbide.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于钻孔钻头的改进的螺柱设计，其使用不同硬度和韧性的材料，其层压以提供对表面磨损的最大阻力，以及优异的结构特性，包括具有最大断裂韧性的高强度。 钻头主体通常安装在钻柱上，并具有表冠和表面部分。 螺柱优选地包括由钢或其他具有高断裂韧性的材料制成的芯，至少部分地用硬的耐磨材料（例如碳化钨）覆盖。 每个螺柱通过钎焊或其他合适的方式如压配合固定在钻头体中的插座上。 在将螺柱固定到钻头体之前，将切割元件钎焊到螺柱的安装面上，并且优选地由粘附到碳化钨背衬层的多晶金刚石块组成。
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5.发明授权Cutting element, drill bit, system and method for drilling soft plastic formations 失效切削元件，钻头，钻孔软质地层的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US6006846A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-28
申请号：US934486
申请日：1997-09-19
IPC分类号： E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/46
CPC分类号： E21B10/5673 , E21B2010/566
摘要： A cutting element and drill bits so equipped particularly suited for drilling subterranean formations exhibiting a superabrasive cutting face with at least a portion of extremely low surface roughness, by way of example on the order of a polished, mirror-like finish. The cutting face includes a peripheral cutting edge adjacent the low surface roughness portion of the cutting face for engaging a subterranean formation, the cutting edge being of sharp configuration and essentially defining a line of contact with the formation lying between the cutting face and a side surface of the cutting element extending rearwardly therefrom. In certain formations, particularly soft, plastic formations, the drill bits equipped with the inventive cutting element may be employed as a system and method with drilling fluids modified to maintain the integrity of formation cuttings by stabilizing and locking in reactive clays present in the rock to inhibit bit balling and facilitate hydraulic cuttings removal from the bit face.
摘要翻译： 一种切割元件和钻头，特别适合于以抛光的镜面状抛光的顺序举例说明具有表面粗糙度的至少一部分的具有超级磨料切割面的地下地层的钻孔。 切割面包括邻近切割面的低表面粗糙部分的周边切割边缘，用于接合地层，切割刃具有尖锐的构造，并且基本上限定与位于切割面和侧面之间的地层的接触线 的切割元件从其向后延伸。 在某些地层，特别是软的塑料地层中，配备有本发明的切割元件的钻头可用作系统和方法，该系统和方法具有改进的钻井流体，以通过将存在于岩石中的反应性粘土稳定和锁定来保持地层切屑的完整性 抑制钻头的冲击，并且便于从钻头面去除液压切屑。
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公开(公告)号：US5651420A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-29
申请号：US407384
申请日：1995-03-17
IPC分类号： E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/60 , E21B12/06 , E21B21/00 , E21B4/00 , E21B17/10 , E21B17/16
CPC分类号： E21B10/567 , E21B10/60 , E21B12/06 , E21B21/00 , E21B2010/566
摘要： A drilling apparatus having cuttings removal structure to reduce balling thereof comprising an apparatus body having a connection thereon, and structure for contacting cut potions of the earth formation. The contacting structure may include chip breakers, flexible cables, rotating nozzle assemblies, rotating turbine wheel assemblies, rotating vane assemblies, flails or combinations of these. The apparatus may include elastomeric portions and/or movable potions. The drilling apparatus may comprise a drill bit, drilling stabilizer, drill collar, reamer, downhole motor, etc.
摘要翻译： 一种具有切割去除结构以减少其滚珠的钻孔设备，包括其上具有连接的装置主体和用于接触地层的切割部分的结构。 接触结构可以包括断屑器，柔性电缆，旋转喷嘴组件，旋转的涡轮机叶轮组件，旋转叶片组件，喷枪或它们的组合。 该装置可以包括弹性体部分和/或可移动药剂。 钻孔装置可以包括钻头，钻井稳定器，钻铤，铰刀，井下马达等
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7.发明授权Drill bit and method for reducing formation fluid invasion and for improved drilling in plastic formations 失效钻头和减少形成流体入侵和改进塑料成型钻井的方法
公开(公告)号：US5199511A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-06
申请号：US760584
申请日：1991-09-16
摘要： A drill bit and method in which polycrystalline diamond cutters mounted on a bit crown cut formation chips akin to the manner in which a grater cuts cheese. Chips in impermeable or plastic formations are extruded by the cutters into cavities internal to the bit via slots adjacent each cutter. Drilling fluid circulates internally of the bit from the drill string and into the annulus above that portion of the bit bearing cutters. In one embodiment, the portion of the bit body upon which the crown is formed is made of an elastomer which is pressurized into sealing engagement with the bottom of the borehole thereby further sealing freshly cut formation from drilling fluid.
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公开(公告)号：US5460233A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-24
申请号：US39858
申请日：1993-03-30
IPC分类号： E21B10/56 , E21B10/567 , E21B10/573 , E21B10/46
CPC分类号： E21B10/5673 , E21B10/573 , Y10T407/26
摘要： A rotary drag bit for drilling hard rock formations with substantially planar PDC cutting elements having diamond tables backed by substrates which flare or taper laterally outwardly and rearwardly of the cutting edge of the diamond table. A cutting structure defining a "lipped" cutting edge is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 用于钻出具有基本上平坦的PDC切割元件的硬质岩层的旋转阻力钻头，所述PDC切割元件具有由钻石支撑的金刚石台，所述钻石台由钻石台的切割边缘横向向外和向后扩张或渐缩。 还公开了一种限定“唇形”切割刃的切割结构。
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公开(公告)号：US5901797A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-11
申请号：US853724
申请日：1997-05-09
申请人： Wayne R. Hansen , Craig H. Cooley
发明人： Wayne R. Hansen , Craig H. Cooley
CPC分类号： E21B10/567 , E21B10/60 , E21B12/06 , E21B21/00 , E21B2010/566
摘要： A drilling apparatus having cuttings removal structure to reduce balling thereof and to help prevent the accretion of portions of chips and debris from drilling thereon and/or the accretion of portions of drilling fluids thereon. The drilling apparatus comprises an apparatus body having a connection thereon and structure for contacting cut portions of the earth formation. The contacting structure may include chip breakers and flails or combinations thereof.
摘要翻译： 一种具有切割去除结构以减少其球化并且有助于防止碎屑和碎屑的部分积累在其上钻孔和/或其上的钻井液的一部分的钻孔的钻孔设备。 该钻井装置包括一个其上具有连接的装置主体和用于接触地层的切割部分的结构。 接触结构可以包括断屑器和火花塞或其组合。
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公开(公告)号：US5836404A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-17
申请号：US927058
申请日：1997-09-10
CPC分类号： E21B10/55 , E21B10/18 , E21B10/38 , E21B10/602 , E21B10/605 , E21B17/1092
摘要： This invention discloses a drilling structure having a body defining at least one primary channel and at least one secondary channel therein to initiate and maintain recirculation of an amount of drilling fluid back through the secondary channel to maintain positive, independent flow of drilling fluid through each primary channel of the drilling structure. The recirculation of drilling fluid is encouraged by providing a recirculation passageway in fluid communication with the primary channel defined by a portion of the body of the drilling structure that separates positively flowing drilling mud from drilling mud that is being recirculated. The recirculation action of the fluid in the recirculating loop may be fed and brought about by entrainment of the fluid with jetted fluid from an adjacent nozzle. The portion of the body may form a partition, such as a wall extending at least partially between the sides of the primary channel, a fin positioned within the primary channel that generally radially extends from the centerline of the drilling structure, or an internal channel or feeder that extracts fluid from the annulus at a point of low velocity and reintroduces it at a point of higher velocity proximate the bit face, usually near a nozzle. In addition, portions of the drilling structure are streamlined to further encourage positive, stable flow of fluid and formation cuttings generated from an associated cutting structure.
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