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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5320167A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-14
申请号：US982543
申请日：1992-11-27
CPC分类号： B60H1/3202 , F24F5/0017 , F25D29/001 , F25D3/105 , Y02E60/147
摘要： A refrigeration system, which conditions the air of a conditioned space via heating and cooling cycles, includes a heat exchanger and, in a first embodiment, heat pipes. A cryogen is circulated through the heat exchanger during a cooling cycle. During a heating cycle the flow of cryogen is terminated and heat is transferred into the heat exchanger via the heat pipes. In another embodiment, the temperature of evaporation of a liquid cryogen in the heat exchanger is selected according to the desired temperature of the conditioned space, via selectable cryogen flow paths which provide different pressures and thus different evaporation temperatures. Vaporized cryogen drives a motor connected to a fan which circulates air between the conditioned space and heat exchanger. In still another embodiment, the mass flow rate of liquid cryogen is controlled as a function of the degree of superheat in evaporated cryogen exiting the heat exchanger, and as a function of a predetermined floor temperature of conditioned air discharged into the conditioned space.
摘要翻译： 通过加热和冷却循环调节调节空间的空气的制冷系统包括热交换器，并且在第一实施例中包括热管。 在冷却循环期间，冷冻剂循环通过热交换器。 在加热循环期间，终止冷冻剂流，热量通过热管传递到热交换器中。 在另一个实施方案中，通过提供不同压力和因此不同蒸发温度的可选择的冷冻剂流动路径，根据调节空间的期望温度来选择热交换器中液体冷冻剂的蒸发温度。 蒸发的冷冻剂驱动连接到风扇的马达，该风扇在调节空间和热交换器之间循环空气。 在另一个实施方案中，液体冷冻剂的质量流率作为离开热交换器的蒸发的冷冻剂中的过热度的函数被控制，并且作为排放到调节空间中的调节空气的预定地板温度的函数来控制。
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公开(公告)号：US5365744A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-22
申请号：US147369
申请日：1993-11-08
CPC分类号： B60H1/3202 , B60H1/00007 , F17C9/04 , F24F3/06 , F25D29/001 , F25D31/005 , F24F2005/0039
摘要： Air conditioning and refrigeration methods and apparatus for controlling the temperature of a conditioned space to a predetermined temperature band adjacent to a predetermined set point temperature via cooling and heating cycles utilizing a supply of pressurized cryogen. A fluid flow path for the cryogen includes a heat exchanger associated with the conditioned space. A cryogen heater is connected in the active cryogen flow path during a heating cycle, and cryogen is directed through the heater and heat exchanger via at least two successive serial passes, utilizing the elevated pressure energy of the cryogen as the motive force.
摘要翻译： 空调和制冷方法和装置，用于通过使用加压制冷剂的供应通过冷却和加热循环将调节空间的温度控制在与预定设定点温度相邻的预定温度带。 用于冷冻剂的流体流动路径包括与调节空间相关联的热交换器。 冷热源加热器在加热循环期间连接在主动冷冻剂流路中，并且利用冷冻剂的高压能量作为动力，通过至少两个连续的连续通过将冷冻剂引导通过加热器和热交换器。
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公开(公告)号：US5305825A
公开(公告)日：1994-04-26
申请号：US982548
申请日：1992-11-27
CPC分类号： F25D29/001
摘要： A refrigeration system associated with a conditioned space to be controlled to a predetermined set point temperature via heating and cooling cycles. The refrigeration system includes a fluid flow path through which a predetermined fluid is circulated. The fluid flow path includes first, second and third heat exchangers. The first heat exchanger is disposed to condition air of the conditioned space, the second heat exchanger is in heat exchange relation with cryogenic cooling apparatus, and the third heat exchanger is in heat exchange relation with heating apparatus. The first and second heat exchangers are interconnected when the conditioned space requires a cooling cycle, and the first and third heat exchangers are interconnected when the conditioned space requires a heating cycle. Cryogen of the cryogenic cooling apparatus is thus not expended to heat the conditioned space, nor used for defrosting purposes.
摘要翻译： 与经由加热和冷却循环控制到预定设定点温度的调节空间相关联的制冷系统。 制冷系统包括流体流动路径，预定流体通过该流体流动路径循环。 流体流动路径包括第一，第二和第三热交换器。 第一热交换器设置成调节调节空间的空气，第二热交换器与低温冷却装置处于热交换关系，第三热交换器与加热装置进行热交换。 当调节空间需要冷却循环时，第一和第二热交换器互连，并且当调节空间需要加热循环时，第一和第三热交换器互连。 因此，低温冷却装置的低温冷却器不用于加热调节空间，也不用于除霜目的。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5267443A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-07
申请号：US982336
申请日：1992-11-27
CPC分类号： B60H1/3202 , F24F5/0017 , F25D29/001 , Y02E60/147
摘要： Methods and apparatus for controlling the temperature of a conditioned space to a predetermined set point temperature, utilizing a supply of cryogen in liquid and vapor states. The two states are drawn from the supply in two separate flow paths. The liquid cryogen is vaporized in a heat exchanger, and the two flow paths are then combined. The combined cryogen is used to drive a vapor motor connected to a fan, with the fan moving air between the conditioned space and the heat exchanger. Heat is applied to the cryogen as required to hold the set point temperature or to defrost the heat exchanger. In a preferred embodiment, the cryogen is added to a first vessel at the pressure provided by ground support apparatus, and expanded into a second vessel as a function of system conditions, to provide the supply of cryogen in both the liquid and vapor states.
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5458188A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-17
申请号：US148227
申请日：1993-11-08
CPC分类号： B60H1/3202 , F24F5/0017 , F25D29/001 , F25D3/105 , Y02E60/147
摘要： A refrigeration system, which conditions the air of a conditioned space via heating and cooling cycles, includes a heat exchanger and, in a first embodiment, heat pipes. A cryogen is circulated through the heat exchanger during a cooling cycle. During a heating cycle the flow of cryogen is terminated and heat is transferred into the heat exchanger via the heat pipes. In another embodiment, the temperature of evaporation of a liquid cryogen in the heat exchanger is selected according to the desired temperature of the conditioned space, via selectable cryogen flow paths which provide different pressures and thus different evaporation temperatures. Vaporized cryogen drives a motor connected to a fan which circulates air between the conditioned space and heat exchanger. In still another embodiment, the mass flow rate of liquid cryogen is controlled as a function of the degree of superheat in evaporated cryogen exiting the heat exchanger, and as a function of a predetermined floor temperature of conditioned air discharged into the conditioned space.
摘要翻译： 通过加热和冷却循环调节调节空间的空气的制冷系统包括热交换器，并且在第一实施例中包括热管。 在冷却循环期间，冷冻剂循环通过热交换器。 在加热循环期间，终止冷冻剂流，热量通过热管传递到热交换器中。 在另一个实施方案中，通过提供不同压力和因此不同蒸发温度的可选择的冷冻剂流动路径，根据调节空间的期望温度来选择热交换器中液体冷冻剂的蒸发温度。 蒸发的冷冻剂驱动连接到风扇的马达，该风扇在调节空间和热交换器之间循环空气。 在另一个实施方案中，液体冷冻剂的质量流率作为离开热交换器的蒸发的冷冻剂中的过热度的函数被控制，并且作为排放到调节空间中的调节空气的预定地板温度的函数来控制。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5315840A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-31
申请号：US982329
申请日：1992-11-27
CPC分类号： F25D29/001 , B60H1/3202 , F24F5/0017 , Y02E60/147
摘要： Methods and apparatus for controlling the air temperature of a conditioned space to a selected set point temperature, utilizing a supply of cryogen in liquid and vapor states. The two states are drawn from the supply and maintained in first and second separate, independent flow paths. The liquid cryogen provides a cooling mode for the conditioned space via a heat exchanger disposed in the first flow path, and the vaporized cryogen provides a cooling mode for the conditioned space via a heat exchanger disposed in the second flow path. Cryogen flowing in at least one of the flow paths is used to drive a vapor motor connected to a fan, with the fan moving air between the conditioned space and at least one of the heat exchangers. Heat is applied to the cryogen as required to hold the set point temperature, or to defrost a heat exchanger.
摘要翻译： 将调节空间的空气温度控制在选定的设定点温度的方法和装置，利用液体和蒸气状态的冷冻剂供应。 这两个状态来自供应，并保持在第一和第二独立的独立流动路径中。 液体冷冻剂通过设置在第一流动路径中的热交换器为调节空间提供冷却模式，并且蒸发的冷冻剂通过设置在第二流动路径中的热交换器为调节空间提供冷却模式。 在至少一个流动路径中流动的低温流体用于驱动连接到风扇的蒸汽马达，其中风扇在调节空间和至少一个热交换器之间移动空气。 根据需要对制冷剂施加热量以保持设定点温度，或者将热交换器除霜。
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公开(公告)号：US5287705A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-22
申请号：US17905
申请日：1993-02-16
CPC分类号： B60H1/3202 , F24F3/06 , F25D29/001 , F24F11/0012 , F24F2001/0081 , F24F2005/0039 , F24F2011/0063 , F24F2221/56
摘要： A refrigeration system which controls the temperature of a conditioned space to a predetermined temperature range adjacent to a selected set point temperature SP via a cooling cycle which includes evaporation a cryogen, such as CO.sub.2 or N.sub.2, in a heat exchanger. In an apparatus embodiment, a controller determines a desired evaporation vapor pressure value EPX of the cryogen as a function of the selected set point temperature SP, and then controls the evaporation pressure EP in the heat exchanger means as a function of the determined desired evaporating vapor pressure value. The controller further determines a desired superheat value SHX of the cryogen exiting the heat exchanger means as a function of the selected set point temperature SP, and controls the mass flow rate of liquid cryogen evaporating in the heat exchanger as a function of the determined desired superheat value. A method embodiment includes the steps of providing a desired evaporation vapor pressure value EPX of the cryogen as a function of the selected set point temperature SP, controlling the evaporation pressure in the heat exchanger means as a function of the desired evaporation vapor pressure value, providing a desired superheat value SHX of the cryogen exiting the heat exchanger means as a function of the selected set point temperature SP, and controlling the mass flow rate of liquid cryogen from the cryogenic cooling means to the heat exchanger means as a function of the desired superheat value.
摘要翻译： 一种制冷系统，其通过包括在热交换器中蒸发诸如CO 2或N 2的冷冻剂的冷却循环来将调节空间的温度控制在与选定设定点温度SP相邻的预定温度范围内。 在装置实施例中，控制器根据所选择的设定点温度SP确定冷冻剂的期望蒸发蒸气压力值EPX，然后根据所确定的所需蒸发蒸汽控制热交换器装置中的蒸发压力EP 压力值。 控制器进一步根据所选择的设定点温度SP，确定离开热交换器装置的冷冻剂的期望过热值SHX，并控制热交换器中蒸发的液体冷冻剂的质量流量作为所确定的所需过热度的函数 值。 方法实施方案包括以下步骤：根据选定的设定点温度SP提供冷冻剂的所需蒸发蒸气压值EPX，根据所需的蒸发蒸气压值控制热交换器装置中的蒸发压力，提供 根据所选择的设定点温度SP，离开热交换器的冷冻剂的期望过热值SHX作为所需的过热度的函数控制液体冷冻剂从低温冷却装置到热交换器装置的质量流量 值。
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公开(公告)号：US5267446A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-07
申请号：US982333
申请日：1992-11-27
CPC分类号： F24F5/0017 , B60H1/3202 , F25D29/001 , Y02E60/147
摘要： Methods and apparatus for controlling the temperature of a conditioned space, including a supply of cryogen, and a fluid flow path for the cryogen which includes a heat exchanger. A heater is disposed to heat cryogen in the flow path in response to predetermined conditions, and a cryogen pre-heater is disposed to aid the heater. In a first embodiment, the pre-heater is aided by directing warm cryogen in heat exchange relation with cryogen flowing through the pre-heater, with the warm cryogen being taken from a point downstream from the heat exchanger. In another embodiment, the heater generates heated gases as a by-product, with the pre-heater being aided by directing the heated gases in heat exchange relation with cryogen flowing through the pre-heater.
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公开(公告)号：US5259198A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-09
申请号：US982368
申请日：1992-11-27
CPC分类号： B60H1/3202 , B60H1/00007 , F25B19/00 , F25B27/00 , F25D29/001 , F25D3/105
摘要： A refrigeration system associated with a conditioned space to be controlled to a predetermined set point temperature via heating and cooling cycles. The refrigeration system includes a heat exchanger, air mover apparatus disposed to circulate air between the conditioned space and the heat exchanger, cryogenic cooling apparatus which includes a combustible fuel in a cryogenic state, and heating apparatus. The cryogenic characteristic of the fuel is utilized to implement the cooling cycle, and the combustible characteristic of the fuel is utilized by the heating apparatus to implement the heating cycle. In preferred embodiments of the invention an internal combustion engine is associated with the refrigeration system, and the air mover means includes a vapor motor, with the cryogenic fuel being vaporized and then expanded in the vapor motor to drive same, and with the expanded vaporized fuel operating the internal combustion engine.
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公开(公告)号：US5311927A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-17
申请号：US982370
申请日：1992-11-27
CPC分类号： F24F5/0017 , B60H1/3202 , F25D29/001 , Y02E60/147
摘要： A refrigeration system associated with a conditioned space to be controlled to a predetermined set point temperature via heating and cooling cycles. The refrigeration system includes a fluid flow path through which a predetermined liquid is circulated. The fluid flow path includes a slush tank and first and second heat exchangers, with cryogen from a supply vessel being expanded into liquid disposed in the slush tank. The first heat exchanger is disposed to condition the air of the conditioned space, and the second heat exchanger is in heat exchange relation with heating apparatus. The first heat exchanger and slush tank are interconnected when the conditioned space requires a cooling cycle, and the first and second heat exchangers are interconnected when the conditioned space requires a heating cycle. Cryogen of the cryogenic cooling apparatus is thus not expended to heat the conditioned space, or for defrosting purposes.
摘要翻译： 与经由加热和冷却循环控制到预定设定点温度的调节空间相关联的制冷系统。 制冷系统包括流体流动路径，预定液体通过该流体流动路径循环。 流体流动路径包括一个淤泥槽和第一和第二个热交换器，其中来自供应容器的冷冻剂被扩展成设置在该泥浆槽中的液体。 第一热交换器设置成调节调节空间的空气，第二热交换器与加热装置进行热交换。 当调节空间需要冷却循环时，第一热交换器和冷却槽互连，并且当调节空间需要加热循环时，第一和第二热交换器互连。 因此，低温冷却装置的低温冷却器不用于加热调节空间，或用于除霜目的。
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